• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.830-833
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• 2007

In this paper, we implemented a $17{\times}17b$ binary digital multiplier using radix-4 Booth;s algorithmand proposed an efficient testing methodology for the full-custom design. A two-stage pipeline architecture was applied to achieve higher throughput and 4:2 adders were used for regular layout structure in the Wallace tree partition. Several chips were fabricated using LG Semicon 0.6-um 3-Metal N-well CMOS technology. We did fault simulations efficiently using the proposed test method resulting in the reduction of the number of faulty nodes by 88%. The chip contains 9115 transistors and the core area occupies $1135^*1545$ mm2. The functional tests using ATS-2 tester showed that it can operate with 24 MHz clock at 5.0 V at room temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.518-521
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• 2007

The functional wireless sensor node for u-healthcare application was developed. The developed sensor node can check the abnormality of ECG in some simple software in ROM of microprocess in the sensor node. The ECG signal is one of very important health signal form human body, and wavelike signal which is sampled as a sampling frequency between 100 and 400 Hz for digitalization, so the wireless data dor ECG signal is some heavy in Zigbee communication. Thus the sensor send the ECG signal to other sensor nodes or base station when it find abnormality in ECG signal is key technology to reduce the traffic between sensor nodes in wireless sensor network for u-healthcare, The sensor node does not need to transmit ECG data all time in wireless sensor network and to server. Using these sensor nodes, the healthcare system can dramatically reduce wireless data packet overload, the power consumption of battery in the sensor nodes and thus increase the reliability of the wireless system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.735-743
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• 2017

This study examined a methodology of architectural integrated design education from the design methodology of architects in 1990s, particularly FOA, who thought of architecture as a material organization. Their design method starts from a prototype, which is a technical and material mediator, and processes a number of materials as specific information into an architectural organization. This method is used in the architectural design studio so that the students can integrate the knowledge leant from other classes into architectural proposals. Three case studies show they can successfully organize their proposals with structural and functional materials, which suggests that the FOA's design methodology is a potential solution for architectural integrated design education.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2017

Purpose : Most of the moderns have been spent sedentary life style in front of desk or on the chairs, so that their hamstring muscles are shorted commonly and the shortness of hamstring muscles are caused to some problems in functional activities. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of thermotherapy with hot-pack and ultrasound on the tightness of hamstring muscles in individuals with hamstring tightness. Method : Twenty-eight persons with hamstring tightness participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to three exercise groups: stretching group(n=10), hot-pack group(n=9), and ultrasound group(n=9). Before experiment, this study measured the angle of hip flexion using a inclinometer in all participants. Stretching group conducted actively stretching on their shorted leg for 30 seconds, 3 times, and rest for 10 seconds between each exercises. Hot-pack group have applied hot-pack($70{\sim}75^{\circ}C$) on shorted hamstring muscles for 20 minutes before stretching exercise. Ultrasound group have applied therapeutic ultrasound(1 MHz and 1.5W/cm2) on shorted hamstring muscles for 10 minutes before stretching exercise. All data was analysed using one-way repeated ANOVA. Result : The results revealed that ultrasound therapy before stretching is more effective to the flexibility on hamstring muscles than hot-pack before stretching and stretching only. Conclusion : The results of this study show that thermotherapy with therapeutic ultrasound will be effective on the shortness of hamstring muscles before stretching exercise.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.759-770
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• 2014

Pyeongtaek is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing cities in Korea. It is expected that Pyeongtaek will be fostered as one of the most technologically advanced cities with over one million residents in ten years, in transit from the current status of an urban and rural multi-functional city. As a consequence of the change, it is also anticipated to embrace problems related to environmental pollution. The current study investigates perceptions and attitudes of Pyeongtaek citizens towards the natural environment and the conservation of nature. A survey of the environmental perception was conducted with 700 people from the city. The data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0. Findings of the survey demonstrate that Pyeontaek citizens, overall, are interested in environmental issues; they also expect the city to be prosperous without nature destruction. Based upon the results, the study describes the current status of the areas which the citizens consider as most crucial; further, it makes practical suggestions for ways of conserving the environment for the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.701-720
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• 1998

Research advances in dental implantology have led to the development of several different types of materials and it is anticipated that continued research will lead to advanced dental implant materials. Currently used pure titanium has relatively low hardness and strength which may limit its ability to resist functional loads as a dental implant. Ti-6Al-4V also has potential problems such as corrosion resistance. osseointegration properties and neurologic disorder due to aluminium and vanadium, known as highly toxic elements, contained in Ti-6Al-4V. Newly developed titanium based alloys(Ti-20Zr-3Nb-3Ta-0.2Pd-1In, Ti-20Zr-3Nb-3Ta-0.2Pd) which do not contain toxic metallic components were designed by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) with alloy design techniques using Zr, Nb, Ta, Pd, and In which are known as non-toxic elements. Biocompatibility and osseointegration properties of these newly designed alloys were evaluated after implantation in rabbit femur for 3 months. The conclusions were as follows : 1. Mechanical properties of the new designed Ti based alloys(Ti-20Zr-3Nb-3Ta-0.2Pd-1In, Ti-20Zr-3Nb-3Ta-0.2Pd) demonstrated close hardness and tensile strength values to Ti-6Al-4V. 2. New desinged experimental alloys showed stable corrosion resistance similar to the pure Ti but better than Ti-6Al-4V. However, the corrosion rate was higher for the new alloys. 3. Cell culture test showed that the new alloys have similar cell response compared with pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V with no cell adverse reaction. 4. New designed alloys showed similar bone-metal contact ratio and osseointegration properties compared to pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V after 3 months implantation in rabbit femur. 5. Four different surface treatments of the metals did not show any statistical difference of the cell growth and bone-metal contact ratio.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1932-1941
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• 2017

DFC-2, a methyl 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-7,12-dioxo-7,12-dihydrodinaphtho[1,2-b:2',3'-d]furan-6-carboxylate, is reported to have antitubercular effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. At concentrations ranging from 0.19 to $0.39{\mu}g/ml$, DFC-2 inhibited both drugusceptible and -resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. Microarray analyses were employed to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms of DFC-2's action in M. tuberculosis. The most affected functional gene category was "lipid biosynthesis," which is involved in mycolic acid synthesis. The decrease in transcription of genes related to mycolic acid synthesis was confirmed by RT-PCR. Furthermore, we found that DFC-2 triggered a reduction in mycolic acid levels, showing a similar pattern to that of mycolic acid synthesis inhibitor isoniazid. These results may explain how this compound kills mycobacteria efficiently by inhibiting mycolic acid synthesis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2015

Platycodon grandiflorum, commonly known as Doraji in Korea, has a wide range of pharmacologic properties, such as reducing adiposity and hyperlipidemia, and antiatherosclerotic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. In order to profile proteins from the nodal segment, callus, root and shoot, high throughput proteome approach was executed in the present study. Two dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 84 differential expressed proteins were confirmed out of 839 protein spots using image analysis by Progenesis SameSpot software. Out of total differential expressed spots, 58 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}$ 2-fold) were analyzed using MASCOT search engine according to the similarity of sequences with previously characterized proteins along with the UniProt database. Out of 58 differential expressed protein, 32 protein spots were up-regulated such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1, heat stress transcription factor A3, RNA pseudourine synthase 4, cysteine proteinase, GntR family transcriptional regulator, E3 xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase, while 26 differential protein spots were down-regulated such as L-ascorbate oxidase precursor, late embryogenesis abundant protein D-34, putative SCO1 protein, oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3. However, frequency distribution of identified proteins using iProClass databases, and assignment by function based on gene ontology revealed that the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the nucleic acid binding (17%), transferase activity (14%) and ion binding (12%). In that way, the exclusive protein profile may provide insight clues for better understanding the characteristics of proteins and metabolic activity in various explants of the economically important medicinal plant Platycodon grandiflorum.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.312-317
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• 2006

The chromosomal sprD gene encoding Streptomyces griseus protease D (SGPD), a chymotrypsin-like protease, was disrupted in Streptomyces griseus by insertion of the neomysin-resistance gene. The production of chymotrypsin activity of sprD disruptant was not completely abolished, but delayed by 24 h, compared with that of wild-type strain. The aerial mycelial formation of sprD disruptant was retarded, and specifically the formation of spores was not observed in the central region of colonies. However, normal morphological development into spores was observed in the marginal region of colonies. In addition, the production of yellow pigment that might be dependent on A-factor was also decreased in the sprD disruptant, compared with that of the wild-type strain. Introduction of the sprD gene, which was placed on a high copy-numbered plasmid into S. griseus ${\Delta}sprD$, partially restored the ability of morphological development, and a significant level of sporulation was observed. When the overexpression vector for sprD, pWHM3-D, was introduced in S. griseus, there was no significant change in the chymotrypsin activity or colonial morphology, in contrast to Streptomyces lividans, indicating the presence of a tight regulation system for the overexpression of the sprD gene in S. griseus.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.82-87
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• 2017

During 2012 to 2014, a survey for the presence of viral diseases in yam plants was carried out in a field of the Institute for Bioresources Research in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. A total of 88 leaf samples were collected and tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using specific primer sets. Eighty-one samples were positive for Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus (ChYNMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Japanese yam mosaic virus (JYMV), and Yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV), whereas Yam mosaic virus (YMV) was not detected. Additionally, seven samples were negative for all viruses. Several samples exhibited mixed (double and triple) infections. Three viruses (CMV, JYMV, and YMMV) were detected for the first time in yam plants in Korea. A BLAST search showed that three viruses shared nucleotide identities with CMV-Ca (98%), JYMV-O2 (91%), and YMMV-TG_NH_1 (86%). Thus, our findings confirmed that yam plants cultivated in Korea were infected with multiple viruses with three of these viruses reported for the first time in Korea.