• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.355-360
• /
• 2006

Function analysis and idea creation phase in Value Engineering(VE) Process is applied to manufacturing Industry for developing functions for elements of products, and in construction come to use various components like process, size of project, spaces as well as function itself due to multi-functional aspect. For this reason, VE applications to the construction industry are considered to be less frequent and efficient than to the manufacturing. To resolve this problem, a new technique of Function Integration Fast(HI FAST) and Hierarchical Value Engineering Concept Modules(HVECM) was made for practical integration and sequence of VE job Plan. Two types of function would be defined In this method, first and second function, during the job Plan process, and two function champions be selected for next creation phase process. For verification of consecutiveness of function analysis and idea creation phase for successful VE project implementation, this methodology was tested under design phase in office and IT Multi-functional building project. Make sure the successful application of this process with this method, need to develop the talent of VE experts and team members for process of function analysis and creation phase.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.290-306
• /
• 2009

This article aimed at broadening the view on 'the concept of function' in furniture design. In this context, we argued that the established concept of furniture function has confined itself to the rational perspective, so that the emotional action and influence of furniture hardly regarded as an important issue in furniture design, and this has been a hinderance to multidirectional discussions on the meaning of furniture in our life. Starting from the investigation on the basis that forms the different dimensions of our experience of furniture, we clarified that we should view the meaning of furniture within a wider sphere where the actions of furniture on our perceptional, behavioral, and emotional levels are inclusively considered. In this light, 'emotional function' of furniture was defined as a concept that explains a multidimensional action of furniture, which leads creative aesthetic experience which enrich the interplays between designer, furniture, and user. The feasibility of the concept has been examined by an analysis on the characteristics of contemporary Art Furniture, which is experimental approaches towards various aesthetic values of art and design. In order to realize emotional function of furniture, furniture should become an experiment for the new perception and emotion; invite more of the user's interplay and action in the meaning-making process; and arouse emotional echoes and reflections within user's mind.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.965-977
• /
• 2013

Reliable long-term streamflow forecasting is invaluable for water resource planning and management which allocates water supply according to the demand of water users. It is necessary to get probabilistic forecasts to establish risk-based reservoir operation policies. Probabilistic forecasts may be useful for the users who assess and manage risks according to decision-making responding forecasting results. Probabilistic forecasting of seasonal inflow to Andong dam is performed and assessed using selected predictors from sea surface temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height data. Categorical probability forecast by Piechota's method and logistic regression analysis, and probability forecast by conditional probability density function are used to forecast seasonal inflow. Kernel density function is used in categorical probability forecast by Piechota's method and probability forecast by conditional probability density function. The results of categorical probability forecasts are assessed by Brier skill score. The assessment reveals that the categorical probability forecasts are better than the reference forecasts. The results of forecasts using conditional probability density function are assessed by qualitative approach and transformed categorical probability forecasts. The assessment of the forecasts which are transformed to categorical probability forecasts shows that the results of the forecasts by conditional probability density function are much better than those of the forecasts by Piechota's method and logistic regression analysis except for winter season data.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1659-1670
• /
• 2001

It has been reported that cracks at mechanical fastener holes usually nucleate as elliptical corner cracks at the faying surface of the mechanical joints and grow as elliptical arc through cracks after penetrating the opposite surface. The weight function method is an efficient technique to calculate the stress intensity factors fur elliptical cracks using uncracked stress field. In this study the weight function method for three dimensional mixed-mode problem applied to elliptical comer cracks Is modified for elliptical arc through cracks and the stress intensity factors at two surface points of elliptical arc through cracks at mechanical fastener holes are analyzed by the weight function method. This study consists of two parts and in part I , the weight function method for elliptical arc through cracks is developed and verified.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.55 no.5
• /
• pp.979-999
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes a novel reliability analysis method which computes reliability index, most probable point and probability of failure of uncertain systems more efficiently and accurately with compared to Monte Carlo, first-order reliability and response surface methods. It consists of Initial and Simulation steps. In Initial step, a number of space-filling designs are selected throughout the variables space, and then in Simulation step, performances of most of samples are estimated via interpolation using the space-filling designs, and only for a small number of the samples actual performance function is used for evaluation. In better words, doing so, we use a simple interpolation function called "reduced" function instead of the actual expensive-to-evaluate performance function of the system to evaluate most of samples. By using such a reduced function, total number of evaluations of actual performance is significantly reduced; hence, the method can be called Reduced Function Evaluations method. Reliabilities of six examples including series and parallel systems with multiple failure modes with truncated and/or non-truncated random variables are analyzed to demonstrate efficiency, accuracy and robustness of proposed method. In addition, a reliability-based design optimization algorithm is proposed and an example is solved to show its good performance.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.328-336
• /
• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cervical range of motion training on the change in respiratory function growth rate at the group and individual level in stroke patients and stroke patients with tracheostomy tube. Design: A Multilevel Growth Model Methods: 8 general stroke patients and 6 stroke patients who had a tracheostomy tube inserted were subjected to cervical range of motion training 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Force vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced expiration ratio (FEV1/FVC) and Manual assist peak cough flow (MPCF) were measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multilevel analysis with HLM 8.0. Results: A significant difference was found in the respiratory function analysis growth rate of the entire group (p<0.05), and two groups were added to the research model. The linear growth rate of respiratory function in patients with general stroke increased with the exception of FEV1/FVC (p<0.05). Stroke patients with tracheostomy tube showed a decreasing pattern except for FVC. In particular, MPCF showed a significantly decreased result (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study found that the maintenance of improved respiratory function in stroke patients with tracheostomy tube decreased over time. However, cervical range of motion training is still a useful method for respiratory function in general stroke patients and stroke patients with tracheostomy tube.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2019

PURPOSE: To prevent secondary complications from decreased pulmonary functions and promote neurological recovery, identification of respiratory capacity change patterns depending on different postures of stroke patients and investigation of their properties are needed for active rehabilitation. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the changes in vital capacity in response to different positions and to implement the results as clinical data. METHODS: A respiratory function test was administered to 52 patients with stroke in the sitting, supine, paretic side lying, and non-paretic side lying positions. Pulmonary function indexes used for comparison were forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF 25-75%), and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV). One-way repeated ANOVA was used for analysis, and post hoc analysis was conducted using least significant difference (LSD). RESULTS: All pulmonary function indexes were measured in the order of sitting, paretic side lying, supine, and non-paretic side lying positions. Excluding the FEF25-75% and MVV of the supine compared with the paretic side lying position, all other pulmonary function indexes differed significantly (p<.05). CONCLUSION: There are differences in pulmonary function indexes depending on different postures of stroke patients, and the study showed that the non-paretic side lying position yielded the greatest effect on lung ventilation mechanisms. Based on these results, appropriate postures need to be considered during physical therapy interventions for stroke patients.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.37-57
• /
• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether parent's play participation and children's friendly play initiative affect children's executive function through children's play flow. Methods: The survey was conducted on 376 children between the age of 3 and 5 their parents in Daegu city and Gyeonsang province. Data were collected through the questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and path analysis with SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. Results: The major results were as follows. First, There were significant differences in parent's play participation, children's friendly play initiative, children's play flow, and executive function according to the children's age and family income. Second, parent's play participation and children's friendly play initiative indirectly affected children's executive function through children's play flow. Conclusion/Implications: This study highlights how children's play affects executive function. Also, the findings of this study will contribute to designing various programs that can promote parent's play participation, children's friendly play initiative, and play flow, which affects the children's executive function.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.31 no.2A
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2011

This study presents the aerodynamic admittance function of bridge girder under turbulent flow generated from wind velocity spectrum measured at bridge site. Three dimensional buffeting analysis of concrete cable-stayed bridge were performed considering aerodynamic admittance functions obtained from four different methods. It is revealed from the analysis that vertical buffeting responses considering proper aerodynamic admittance functions were just half of that neglecting aerodynamic admittance function. Grid turbulence was found to relatively lower the aerodynamic admittance function at low frequency range, and to underestimate the buffeting wind forces. It is recommended to use the aerodynamic admittance function evaluated from flutter derivatives or measured at active turbulence in order to properly predict the buffeting responses of bridges.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2016

PURPOSE. This pilot study was to find the influence of complete denture on the brain activity and cognitive function of edentulous patients measured through Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study recruited 20 patients aged from 50 to 60 years requiring complete dentures with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The brain function and cognitive function were analyzed with a mental state questionnaire and a 15-minute analysis of power spectral density of EEG alpha waves. The analysis included edentulous phase and post denture insertion adaptive phase, each done before and after chewing. The results obtained were statistically evaluated. RESULTS. Power Spectral Density (PSD) values increased from edentulous phase to post denture insertion adaption phase. The data were grouped as edentulous phase before chewing (EEG p1-0.0064), edentulous phase after chewing (EEG p2-0.0073), post denture insertion adaptive phase before chewing (EEG p3-0.0077), and post denture insertion adaptive phase after chewing (EEG p4-0.0096). The acquired values were statistically analyzed using paired t-test, which showed statistically significant results (P<.05). CONCLUSION. This pilot study showed functional improvement in brain function of edentulous patients with complete dentures rehabilitation.