• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1973

Esophagel atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula may occur as separate entities but usually occur in combination. First described by Durston in 1670, esophageal atresia was not successfully treated until 1939 when Ladd in Boston and Leven in St. Paul obtained the first survivors utilizing the methods of gastrostomy, esophagostomy and extrapleural ligation of the tracheoesophageal fistula as multiple operations which required months of hospitalization. Two years later Cameron Haight performed the first successful primary repair and afterward about 2000 cases of esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula reported in the world. In Korea, there appeared about 27 cases in the literature and 8 successful repaired cases noted in these year. Anther report two cases of esophageal atresia, of which one case was successfully treated with Haight`s method. Case 1.: Normal full term delivered boy with chief complaints of respiratory difficulty and persistent drooling with chocking, 3. lkg, was admitted with emergency 5 hours after delivery. Physical findings revealed no specific abnormal signs except distended abdomen and grunting respiration. Esophagograrn and bronchogram revealed proximal esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula proximal to the carina. Parent refused operative therapy and patient died 24 hours after discharge. Case 2. :3. lkg. normal full term delivered girl was admitted 4 days after delivery with chief complaints of regurgitation after feeding, chocking, cyanotic spell and fever since the day after delivery. Physical examination revealed persistent drooling, grunting respiration, and fever with moderate dehydration. Tracheoesophageal suction and fluid therapy with antibiotics improved her condition and subsided ]pneumonic condition. Esophagogram revealed markedly dilated proximal esophagus as blind loop and stomach distended with gas, and repairing operation as Haight`s method was performed on the 7th day after delivery. Patient tolerated all the operative procedure well and recovered uneventfully. Esophagogram on the 7th postoperative day showed passage of the lipiodol through the anastomotic side with moderate stricture,and feeding permitted. Patient tolerated all the feeding amount well and discharged on the 11th postoperative day. Followup revealed intermittent regurgitation after feeding and corrected with bougination.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.7-23
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• 2001

This study was done to provide basic data on prevention of breast cancer by identifying and analyzing risk factors for breast cancer in Korean women. The data were collected from three hospitals. The data from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1997 was based on the patient recordings and personal contacts if possible. Data from 1998 to 1999 was collected from 280 inpatients and outpatients diagnosed as breast cancer. From this data, information about the risk factors of breast cancer could be acquired. The factors are scaled according to the degree of risk. Menstrual history, obstetrical history, family history. lactation period, life style were given 5 point, and body mass index was given 4 point. Using one-way ANOVA. the most important risk factors were identified and analyzed by multiple regression. The conclusion of this study are as follows : General factors which would show an effect on the results of the multiple regression included risk factors such as menstrual history, obstetrical history, lactation period, family history, and life style factors including mortal state, monthly income, educational level, job and age. Family history(R=0.481) was found to be the highest risk factor(23.1%) affecting breast cancer risk. The next factors were dying hair(R=0.603), drinking(R=0.846), body mass index(R=0.885), smoking(R=0.916), age of menopause(R=0.937), pregnancy age of first full-term(R=0.957), eating vegetable(R=0.980) and the number of full term pregnancies in that order. The sum total(R=0.986) of all the above factors accounted for 97.3% of the risk of breast cancer for Korean women. In conclusion, it was found that family history and dyeing hair were the highest risk factors for breast cancer. It is recommended that those with a family history of breast cancer should have regular breast examinations, and those who often dye their hair should reconsider this practice.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.214-223
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• 2016

임플란트를 보조적으로 이용함으로써 후방 연장 국소의치에 부가적으로 유지와 지지를 얻는 임플란트 보조 국소의치(implant-assisted RPD, IARPD)에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 본 증례는 장기간 후방연장 국소의치의 사용으로 인하여 심하게 기울어진 교합평면을 가진 부분 무치악 환자에서 상악의 고정성 보철 수복과 하악의 지르코니아 교합면을 가지는 임플란트 보조 국소의치를 이용하여 심미적이며 장기적으로 안정적인 교합평면을 가지도록 전악 수복하였으며, 기능적으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the medical nutrition therapy of premature infants. The general characteristics, presence of metabolic disorders, hematological profile and feeding methods were compared between the premature infant group (<37 weeks, n=61) and the full-term infant group (37$\sim$42 weeks, n=165). Birth weight (p<0.0001), birth length (p<0.005), head circumference (p<0.0001), chest circumference (p<0.0001), and Apgar scores (p<0.0001) of the neonates were all statistically lower in the premature infant group. Jaundice cases (p<0.0001) were statistically higher in the premature infant group. White blood cell counts (WBC: p<0.005), mean corpuscular volume (MCV: p<0001), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH: p<0.005), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC: p<0.005), and mean platelet volume (MPV: p<0.05) were statistically lower in the premature infant group. The premature infant group were fed a higher rate of premature formula than breast milk and the full-term infant group were fed a high rate of human milk at a higher rate, showing differences in kinds of feeding methods (p<0.0001) between the two groups. An infant's birth weight showed a significantly positive correlation with the infant's birth length (p<0.0001), head circumference (p<0.0001), chest circumference (p<0.0001), and Apgar scores(p<0.0001). The birth length also showed a significantly positive correlation with both head circumference (p<0.05) and chest circumference (p<0.05). Head circumference showed a significantly positive correlation with chest circumference (p<0.0001) and Apgar scores (p<0.0001). Chest circumference showed a significantly positive correlation with Apgar scores (p<0.0001). In addition, the Apgar Score at of 1 minute after birth showed a significantly positive correlation with the Apgar score at of 5 minute after birth (p<0.0001).

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2018

AREVA NP (Courbevoie, Paris, France) is actively developing several enhanced accident-tolerant fuels cladding concepts ranging from near-term evolutionary (Cr-coated zirconium alloy cladding) to long-term revolutionary (SiC/SiC composite cladding) solutions, relying on its worldwide teams and partnerships, with programs and irradiations planned both in Europe and the United States. The most advanced and mature solution is a dense, adherent chromium coating on zirconium alloy cladding, which was initially developed along with the CEA and EDF in the French joint nuclear R&D program. The evaluation of the out-of-pile behavior of the Cr-coated cladding showed excellent results, suggesting enhanced reliability, enhanced operational flexibility, and improved economics in normal operating conditions. For example, because chromium is harder than zirconium, the Cr coating provides the cladding with a significantly improved wear resistance. Furthermore, Cr-coated samples exhibit extremely low corrosion kinetics in autoclave and prevents accelerated corrosion in harsh environments such as in water with 70 ppm Li leading to improved operational flexibility. Finally, AREVA NP has fabricated a physical vapor deposition prototype machine to coat full-length cladding tubes. This machine will be used for the manufacturing of full-length lead test rods in commercial reactors by 2019.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2019

Objectives: We aimed to compare preterm, neurodevelopmentally disordered and healthy full-term children. Methods: We enrolled 47 children who were born preterm, 40 neurodevelopmentally disordered children, and 80 healthy children as control participants, in order to assess the cognitive functioning and the risk of behavioral problems at the age of 5. Children were assessed using the Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-4th edition (K-WPPSI-IV), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: The mean K-WPPSI-IV score of the preterm group was $87.19{\pm}17.36$, which was significantly higher than that of the neurodevelopmental disorder group ($69.98{\pm}28.63$; p<0.001) but lower than that of the control group ($107.74{\pm}14.21$; p<0.001). The cumulative CBCL scores of the preterm children were not significantly different from those of the control group. Additionally, the TCI scores for reward dependence of the preterm children were higher than those of the control group. Conclusion: The cognitive performance of preterm infants was lower than that of healthy full-term infants at the age of 5, and there was an association between slower growth and decreased cognitive ability.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2022

ROK Navy intends to secure the Korean-type aircraft carrier in order to effectively prepare for various future security threats. In general, the Korean national competency is considered to be at the level of having an aircraft carrier, but it is unclear what scale aircraft carrier would be appropriate. In this study, the efficiency was evaluated through the relative comparison between national competency(national power, economic power) and the scale of aircraft carriers, and the optimal scale of the Korean-type aircraft carrier that could be acquired was presented. A DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) model was applied to aircraft carriers(19 aircraft carriers in 11 countries) currently in operation and scheduled to be possessed in the world. As input variables, CINC(Composite Index of National Capability) and GDP(Gross Domestic Product), which are the most widely used as indicators of national and economic power, and as output variables, the full-load displacement, length, and width of aircraft carriers were selected. ARIMA(short-term within 5 years) and simple regression(long-term over 5 years) were used to estimate the future national competency of each country at the time of aircraft carriers acquisition. The relative efficiency score of the Korean-type aircraft carrier currently being evaluated is 1.062, and it was evaluated as small-scale aircraft carrier compared to the national competency. Based on Korean national competency, the optimal scale of the Korean-type aircraft carrier calculated by aggregating benchmark groups, is 58,308.1 tons of full-load displacement, 279.4m in length, and 68.3m in width.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2016

PURPOSE. Considering the importance of retention in the success and long-term clinical service of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) as well as the existing controversy regarding the effect of GLUMA desensitizer on the retention of full metal crowns cemented with RelyX U200 self-adhesive cement, this study aimed to assess the effect of GLUMA desensitizer on the retention of full metal crowns cemented using RelyX U200. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In this experimental study, 20 sound human premolars were prepared; a 0.5 mm chamfer finish line was prepared above the cementoenamel junction. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups: a desensitizer group (n = 10, treated with GLUMA desensitizer) and a control (n = 10, no surface treatment). Full metal crowns were fabricated of base metal alloy and had a ring. All crowns were cemented with RelyX U200 and subjected to retention test by using a universal testing machine. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and independent t-test. RESULTS. The mean tensile bond strength was significantly higher in the GLUMA desensitizer group ($230.63{\pm}63.8N$) compared to the control group ($164.45{\pm}39.3N$) ($P{\leq}.012$). CONCLUSION. GLUMA desensitizer increases the tensile bond strength of RelyX U200 self-adhesive cement to dentin.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.196-207
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• 2018

임플란트의 장기적인 안정을 위해서는 이상적인 위치와 각도로 임플란트를 식립하는 것이 중요하며, 이를 위해서는 정확한 계획에 따른 정확한 수술과 보철이 중요하다. 본 증례에서는 치조골 흡수가 심하게 진행된 환자에서 CT data 및 진단왁스업을 스캔한 data를 이용하여 CT guided surgery를 시행하고, 단일구조 수복용 지르코니아와 CAD/CAM technique을 이용하여 전악 임플란트 고정성 보철로 수복하여 기능 및 심미적으로 만족할만한 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2014

Reconstruction of a full-thickness alar defect requires independent blood supplies to the inner and outer surfaces. Because of this, secondary operations are commonly needed for the division of skin flap from its origin. Here, we report a single-stage reconstruction of full-thickness alar defect, which was made possible by the use of a nasolabial island flap and septal mucosal hinge flap. A 49-year-old female had presented with a squamous cell carcinoma of the right ala which was invading through the mucosa. The lesion was excised with a 5-mm free margin through the full-thickness of ala. The lining and cartilage was restored using a septal mucosa hinge flap and a conchal cartilage from the ipsilateral ear. The superficial surface was covered with a nasolabial island flap based on a perforator from the angular artery. The three separate tissue layers were reconstructed as a single subunit, and no secondary operations were necessary. Single-stage reconstruction of the alar subunit was made possible by the use of a nasolabial island flap and septal mucosal hinge flap. Further studies are needed to compare long-term outcomes following single-stage and multi-stage reconstructions.