• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.352-360
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• 2020

Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO₂, LCO) has been widely used as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its excellent electrochemical performance and highly reproducible synthesis even with mass production. To improve the energy density of the LIBs for their deployment in electro-mobility, the full capacity and voltage of the cathode materials need to exploited, especially by operating them at a higher voltage. Herein, we doped LCO with divalent calcium-ion (Ca²⁺) to stabilize its layered structure during the batteries' operation. The Ca-doped LCO was synthesized by two different routes, namely solid-state and co-precipitation methods, which led to different average particle sizes and levels of dopant's homogeneity. Of these two, the solid-state synthesis resulted in smaller particles with a better homogeneity of the dopant, which led to better electrochemical performance, specifically when operated at a high voltage of 4.5 V. Electrochemical simulations based on a single particle model provided theoretical corroboration for the positive effects of the reduced particle size on the higher rate capability.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2006

Purpose: This research is intended to investigate the EMT students' Knowledge, attitude and behavior and then identify the predictors of the EMT students' attitude. Method: The purpose of study was to examine EMT students' knowledge and attitude toward the elderly using a survey of 286. the instruments in this study were palmore's FAQI(1998) and the 20 item semantic differential scale developed by sanders et al. (1984). Results: The results of this study were as follows : 1. The measuring of respondents' knowledge of the elderly revealed they scored an average of 10.17(${\pm}3.30$) of the full score 25. It also said their success rate to choose the answer on the elderly was 39.59%. 2. Attitudes toward the elderly weren't significantly different EMT students. 3. EMT students educational level and religion were found to impact their attitudes toward the elderly. 4. The feelings from their previous co-living experience with the elderly were significant factors. EMT students attitudes toward the elderly had an significant effect on co-living experience and the feelings in education programs toward the elderly. Conclusion : A well-designed program is essential to change the attitudes toward elderly because The feelings in education programs for the elderly are very important. with more knowledge of the elderly, the attitudes toward the elderly is expected to be more positive. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the enough knowledge of the elderly.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 falling weight deflectometer(FWD)시험의 표면 처짐곡선으로부터 3층 아스팔트 포장 구조체의 물성을 추정할 수 있는 역산반복기법을 개발하였다. 안정처리기층과 쇄석기층을 갖는 포장구조체에 대한 요소설계를 실시하여 일련의 해석모델을 설정하고, 다층탄성해석에 의해 이들 해석모델의 이론적 처짐곡선을 산정하여 처짐특성 분석 및 탄성계수 추정식을 구하였다. 반복역산시 추정식에 의한 각 층 탄성계수를 초기 가정치로 하고, 탄성계수 변화율과 처짐 변화율의 관계를 구하여 이들 탄성계수 보정에 사용하였다. 다층탄성해석은 전산 프로그램 SINELA를 이용하였다. 처짐특성 분석을 통한 보다 효율적인 역산반복기법을 전산화하였으며, 수치모델을 통해 그 신뢰성 및 적용성을 검증하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2007

We studied oocyte steroidogenesis in relation to oocyte development in the greenling, Hexagrammos otakii, a marine multiple spawner. Vitellogenic and mature oocytes were incubated in vitro in the presence or absence of $[^3H]-17\;{\alpha}-hydroxyprogesterone$ as a precursor. The major metabolites were androgens [androstenedione $(A)_4)$ and testosterone (T)] and estrogens [$17\;{\beta}-estradiol\;(E_2)$ and estrone ($E_1$)] in vitellogenic oocytes. The metabolic rate of T was lower in 1.08 to 12-mm oocytes, while that of $E_2$ increased with oocyte size. The endogenous productions of T, $E_2$ and 17 ${\alpha}-hydroxy$, 20 ${\beta}-dihydroprogesterone\;(17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP)$ were quantified using a radioimmunoassay in the non-precursor group. The endogenous levels of T and $E_2$ were highest in 1.08 to 12-mm oocytes and $17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP$ was produced only in 1.90 to 95-mm oocytes. The relationship between oocyte size and steroidogenesis showed that 1.08 to 12-mm oocytes are full vitellogenic following induction of the maturation process. Moreover, $17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP$ acts as a maturation inducing hormone in H. otakii.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2014

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome is considered a coronary heart disease risk factor and its prevalence rate is increasing in Korea. Because obesity is relevant to metabolic syndrome, we investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome and the Obesity Pattern Identification Questionnaire in middle-aged health check-up examinees. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 125 patients who visited a health promotion center of university hospital from October 2012 to January 2013. We analyzed the association of Obesity Pattern Identification Questionnaire and the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome. Results: Pi deficiency (脾虛), phlegm (痰飮), liver stasis (肝鬱) and food accumulation (食積) pattern showed significantly highs score in the group with hypertriglyceridemia. Also, females demonstrated significantly high scores of liver stasis (肝鬱) and food accumulation (食積) in the group with hypertriglyceridemia. The questions of Pattern Identification that showed especially significant high score in the group of hypertriglyceridemia are as follows: 'Easily get annoyed', 'Usually worried', 'Frequently overeating or bingeing', and 'Having more after getting full'. There are positive correlations between triglyceride and the score of Pi deficiency (脾虛), phlegm (痰飮) and food accumulation (食積) pattern. Conclusions: Obesity Pattern Identification Questionnaire can be used for the management of hypertriglyceridemia in an effort to prevent metabolic syndrome.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.67-78
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 합리적이고 과학적인 포장 구조체의 유지 관리를 위하여 포장체의 구조적 상태를 평가하는데 중요하게 사용되는 포장체 각 층의 탄성계수 추정 방법에 대하여 연구하였다. 차량하중에 의한 포장체의 구조적 거동을 측정하는 비파괴시험 방법으로 Falling Weight Deflectometer(FWD)를 택하였으며, 측정 결과를 합리적으로 해석하기 위하여 다층탄성이론에 근거한 해석 프로그램을 사용하였다. 국내에서 널리 사용되고 있는 고속도로 단면 모델에 요인배치법(factorial design)을 적용하여 쇄석과 안정처리기층을 갖는 경우 각각에 대한 이론적 처짐특성을 분석하고, 이로부터 각 경우의 층별 탄성계수 추정식을 제안하였다. 처짐 변화율에 따른 탄성계수 변화율에 과한 상관식을 4층 구조체 층별로 개발함으로써 FWD시험의 처짐으로부터 포장체 각 층의 탄성계수를 추정할 수 있는 보다 효율적이며 정도가 높은 역산방법을 제안하고 이를 전산화하였다. 또한 4층 아스팔트 포장체의 실제 가능한 수치 모델에 대한 검증을 통하여 본 연구에서 제안한 역산 방법의 신뢰성 및 타당성을 입증하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.2196-2202
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 초전도 양자 간섭장치(SQUID, superconductiong quantum inte- rference device)를 냉각시킬 수 있는 정도의 소용량(3.995K에서 0.1W)의 GM/J-T 냉동 기에 대하여 요구되는 냉각용량을 만족시키면서 최대의 성능을 나타낼 수 있는 열교환 기의 면적배분 조건을 구하였다. 즉 냉동 성능을 알고 있는 상용 2단 GM 냉동기와 소형 극저온 냉동기에 널리 사용되는 열교환기로 이루어진 복합적인 GM/J-T 냉동기에 대하여 열교환기 총면적이 주어졌을 때, J-T 회로내의 냉매(헬륨)의 유량과 각 열교환 기 전열 면적의 비를 변수로 최적설계를 행하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2009

A full-length cDNA of OgGRP gene encoding a glycinerich cell wall protein was isolated from wild rice (Oryza grandiglumis). Deduced amino acid sequences of OgGRP are composed of 148 amino acids (16.3 kDa), and show 85.9% homology with Osgrp-2 (Oryza sativa). RT-PCR analysis showed that RNA expression of OgGRP was regulated by defense-related signaling chemicals, such as cantharidin, endothall, jasmonic acid, wounding, or yeast extract treatment. In relation to pathogen stress, the function of OgGRP was analyzed in OgGRP over-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of OgGRP in Arabidopsis contributed to moderate resistance against fungal pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, by lowering disease rate and necrosis size. In the analysis of the transgenic Arabidopsis lines to check the change of gene expression profile, induction of PR1, PR5 and PDF1.2 was confirmed. The induction seemed to be caused by the interaction of ectopic expression of OgGRP with SA-and JA-dependent signaling pathways.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2012

In railway tunnel environment, the reliability of a high-data-rate and real-time train-to-wayside communication should be maintained especially when high-speed train moves along the track. In China and Europe, the communication frequency around 900 MHz is widely used for railway applications. At this carrier frequency band, both of the solutions based on continuously laid leaky coaxial cable (LCX) and discretely installed base-station antennas (BSAs), are applied in tunnel radio coverage. Many available works have concentrated on the radio-wave propagation in tunnels by different kinds of prediction models. Most of them solve this problem as natural propagation in a relatively large hollow waveguide, by neglecting the transmitting/receiving (Tx/Rx) components. However, within such confined areas like railway tunnels especially loaded with train, the complex communication environment becomes an important factor that would affect the quality of the signal transmission. This paper will apply a full-wave numerical method to this case, for considering the BSA or LCX, train antennas and their interacted environments, such as the locomotive body, overhead line for power supply, locomotive pantograph, steel rails, ballastless track, tunnel walls, etc.. Involving finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and uni-axial anisotropic perfectly matched layer (UPML) technique, the entire wireless RF downlinks of BSA and LCX to tunnel space to train antenna are precisely modeled (so-called integrative modeling technique, IMT). When exciting the BSA and LCX separately, the field distributions of some cross-sections in a rectangular tunnel are presented. It can be found that the influence of the locomotive body and other tunnel environments is very significant. The field coverage on the locomotive roof plane where the train antennas mounted, seems more homogenous when the side-laying position of the BSA or LCX is much higher. Also, much smoother field coverage solution is achieved by choosing LCX for its characteristic of more homogenous electromagnetic wave radiation.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제29회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.139-143
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• 2007

추가 30톤급 액체로켓엔진 실물형 연소기에서 수행했던 연소시험의 전반적인 성능결과에 대해 기술하였다. 연소기 연소압력은 약 53${\sim}$60 bar 그리고 추진제 유량은 약 89 kg/s이다. 30톤급 실물형 연소기는 연소기 헤드, SUS 배플, 배플분사기, 내열재 연소실, 냉각채널 연소실 그리고 재생냉각 연소실 등으로 구성하였다. 연소특성속도는 약 1673부터 1730 m/sec이며, 비추력은 약 254에서 263 sec 정도의 값을 얻었다. 일반적으로 분사기의 RN 증가에 따라 연소특성속도는 증가하였다. 또한, 연소기의 비추력은 연소특성속도 증가에 따라 증가함을 보여 주었다.