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http://dx.doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2020.00899

Effect of Particle Size and Doping on the Electrochemical Characteristics of Ca-doped LiCoO2 Cathodes  

Hasan, Fuead (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Kim, Jinhong (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Song, Heewon (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Lee, Seon Hwa (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Sung, Jong Hun (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Kim, Jisu (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Yoo, Hyun Deog (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology / v.11, no.4, 2020 , pp. 352-360 More about this Journal
Abstract
Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2, LCO) has been widely used as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its excellent electrochemical performance and highly reproducible synthesis even with mass production. To improve the energy density of the LIBs for their deployment in electro-mobility, the full capacity and voltage of the cathode materials need to exploited, especially by operating them at a higher voltage. Herein, we doped LCO with divalent calcium-ion (Ca2+) to stabilize its layered structure during the batteries' operation. The Ca-doped LCO was synthesized by two different routes, namely solid-state and co-precipitation methods, which led to different average particle sizes and levels of dopant's homogeneity. Of these two, the solid-state synthesis resulted in smaller particles with a better homogeneity of the dopant, which led to better electrochemical performance, specifically when operated at a high voltage of 4.5 V. Electrochemical simulations based on a single particle model provided theoretical corroboration for the positive effects of the reduced particle size on the higher rate capability.
Keywords
Lithium-Ion Batteries; Lithium Cobalt Oxide; Particle Size; Solid-State Synthesis; Co-Precipitation;
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