• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Purpose - This research analyzes overseas expansion support systems for small- and medium-sized enterprises in Germany and Japan. Germany and Japan have developed overseas expansion support policies for such enterprises. The study then explores the implications for Korea and its local governments. Research design, data, and methodology - We did a comparative analysis of Japan and Germany and their support for overseas expansion of small and medium companies. Data were mainly collected from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the Germany Trade and Invest (Germany) agency through statistics and literature surveys, and analysis studies. Results - First, human resources cultivation and funding support policies, which both Germany and Japan use as part of small- and medium-sized enterprise policies, should be modified to Korean circumstances and to reflect its own small- and medium-sized enterprise support needs. Second, both the German policies that support overseas expansion of small- and medium-sized enterprises and those of Japan's include the philosophy and methods that put an emphasis on these enterprises, despite the fact that there are big differences in the overseas policies in these two countries. Third, German and Japanese governments are embracing the idea that small- and medium-sized enterprises are key to their national economies and implementing policies based on the ratio occupied by these enterprises in the domestic consumption or GDP. In other words, Germany and Japan consider small- and medium-sized enterprises as central to their nation's industry, and assess them as economic industry that should definitely exist for the continued survival of big businesses, and not just as merely supplemental to big business. Fourth, whereas Germany emphasizes support to product exhibition in its overseas expansion support policies, Japan is providing integrated support containing foreign direct investment to small- and medium-sized enterprises. Fifth, there are differences in the overseas expansion support in Germany and Japan in terms of their support to big business. Whereas Germany considers support to big business unnecessary, Japan is implementing active support policies to areas corresponding to big business. Korea will have to benchmark the policies of Germany and Japan, and decide whether or not to give full support to small- and medium-sized enterprises, while excluding areas supporting big business. Conclusions - Based on this analysis of German and Japanese overseas expansion support policies, we need to choose the policies that will engender a solid outcome and derive modified policies for the circumstances of Korea. Additionally, we can use the comparison of the overseas support policies of Japan and Germany to choose small- and medium-sized enterprise overseas expansion support policies for Korea. However, we cannot provide specific overseas support policies by industry. This point will be referenced as a limitation of this study. In future research, we expect that some researchers will take an empirical approach to exploring Korean overseas expansion support through collecting cases of overseas support policies and interviewing policy authorities.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1987

생쥐 난자-난구 복합체를 인공배양하면서 adenylate cyclase의 촉진제인 forskilin과 phosphodiesterase의 저해제인 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine(IBMX)을 배양액에 첨가하여 이들이 난구세포의 분산과 난자의 성숙(핵붕괴)에 미치는 효과를 관찰한 결과 다음과 같았다. 1. Forskilin은 0.001$\mu$M에서 부터 난구세포의 분산을 유도하기 시작하여 (36%) 0.1-10$\mu$M 구간에서 최대의 분산율을 나타내었고 (80-90%) 100$\mu$M에서는 그 효과가 줄어들었다(60%). 이때 난자의 핵 붕괴는 10$\mu$M까지 정상으로 일어나다 (75-80%) 100$\mu$M에서 부분적으로 억제되기 시작하였다(40%). 2. IMBX는 0.01$\mu$M에서 부터 난구세포의 분산을 유도하기 시작하여 (30%) 1-1,000$\mu$M의 전 구간에서 최대의 분산율(81-89%)을 나타내었다. 난자들은 10$\mu$M의 농도까지 정상적으로 핵 붕괴를 일으키었으나(90% 이상) 100$\mu$M 이상에서 급격히 억제되었다(14%). 3. 난구세포의 분산을 유도하는데 필요한 최소의 자극기간을 조사해 본 결과 HCG는 2분, FSH와 forskilin은 15-30분, IBMX는 2시간이었다. 위 결과로 부터 생쥐 난구세포에서 cAMP의 농도를 높이는데 adenylate cyclase 와 phosphodiesterase의 두 효소가 모두 중요한 기여를 하며 난구세포는 단 기간에 생긴 cAMP의 peak로서 분산이 유도될 수 있으나 난자의 성숙억제 과정에서는 지속적인 cAMP의 존재가 필요하다는 것을 알았다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1994

온대낙엽수립에서 목본식물의 개엽형태와 생육초기 생장과정을 분석하기 위하여 경기도 광주군 중부면 산성리 남한산성 구내의 자연림에서 1992.4.1~1992,5,31에 11종에 대하여 잎의 형태변화, 엽면적 및 잎의 건중량 변화를 조사하였다. 겨울누의 인편이 탈락한 후 잎의 전개형태는 크게 주맥과 측맥의 각도가 증가하는 형태, 2절이 펴지는 형태 및 주맥으로부터 말려 펴지는 형태와 3부류로 구분되었다. 잎의 전개시에 비하여 생장이 완료된 시기의 엽면적이 가장 크게 증가하는 종은 생강나무(4.2배)였고, 가장 적은 것은 개서나무(1.3배)였으며, 이것은 잎의 전개형태와 관게가 깊었다. 조사된 대부분의 수종에서4월 하순과 5월 중순에 엽면적상 생장은 완료되었지만 잎의 건중량은 조사기간 중 계속 증가하였다. 비엽면적의 최대치는 4월 중순과 5월 초순 사이에 나타나 엽면적 생장의 완료시보다 대략 10일 빨랐다. 그리고, 5월 하순에 비엽면적의 값은 관목은 200cm2/g이상이었고 교목은 200cm2/g이하이었다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2024

To detect and prevent structural damage caused by various loads on marine structures and ships, structural health monitoring procedure is essential. Estimating loads acting on the structures which are measured by sensors that are mounted properly are crucial for structural health monitoring. However, attaching an excessive number of sensors to the structure without consideration can be inefficient due to the high costs involved and the potential for inducing structural instability. In this study, we introduce a method to determine the optimal number of sensors and their optimized locations for strain measurement sensors, allowing for accurate load estimation throughout the structure using model expansion method. To estimate the loads exerted on the entire structure with minimal sensors, we construct a strain-load interpolation matrix using the strain mode shapes of the finite element (FE) model and select the optimal sensor locations by applying D-Optimal Design and the row exchange algorithm. Finally, we estimate the loads exerted on the entire structure using the model expansion method. To validate the proposed method, we compare the results obtained by applying the optimal sensor placement and model expansion method to an FE model subjected to arbitrary loads with the loads exerted on the entire FE model, demonstrating efficiency and accuracy.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1491-1496
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• 2009

Fluid flow and structural analyses of an electronic expansion valve (EEV) using CO2 as a working refrigerant are carried out to estimate the mass flow rate and maximum stress. An engineering sample EEV that the orifice diameter is 1.8 mm was fabricated. The mass flow rates were measured at various EEV inlet temperatures and pressures for several EEV openings using experimental heat pump system. The sample EEV has over 35 MPa burst pressure and the maximum mass flow rate of CO2 through the EEV increased to 100 g/s at full opening condition.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1235-1238
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• 1998

In television stereo system, to produce the sound image for spatial impression is too difficult because of the narrow distence between two speakers. A method of widening the sound image using precedence effect was introduced but it didn't work effectively in low frequency band. In this paper, we propose a new method to produce an expanded sound image in full band of audio requency in band sound is expanded by phase shifting method and a higher frequency band sound is expanded by reflection. In simulation and experiment, the proposed system guarantees useful effect of sound image expansion in television stereo system.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2007년도 학술대회
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• pp.394-400
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• 2007

This thesis aims the development of power supply for the BTS of Mobile Telecommunication system. Specially, it receives AC power and it can be possible both supply the uninterrupted and stabile DC Power to BTS and simultaneously maintain full charging the back-up battery that is used in case failing AC power supply. In addition, easy maintenance is also the main purpose of it regardless of front and left side except rear side. In these days, it needs more small size power supply system in order to comply with the user needs regarding more easy maintenance and more less space as become smaller main telecommunication systems. This system can be installed close to wall and support more easy maintenance and it was considered easy expansion in case when it needs.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2000년도 제20회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.189-196
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• 2000

A numerical simulation was conducted to analyze the interaction of flame and vortices. The characteristic scales of flame and vortices were limited in the thin laminar flamelet regime. Within this regime, flame is assumed as discontinuity surface and its motion in flow field was described by G-equation instead of full governing equations. Additional approximations include distribution of line volume sources on flame surface to simulate effect of volume expansion. Contrast to previous calculations, current study employed vortex transport equation to evaluate attenuation and smearing of vortices. Two extreme conditions of frozen vortex and frozen flame were considered to validate the current method. Comparison with direct numerical simulation resulted in satisfactory quantitative agreement with higher computational efficiency which warrants the usefulness of the present model in more complex situation.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-18
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• 2004

In this paper, an efficient model reduction scheme is presented for large scale dynamic systems. The method is founded on a modal analysis in which optimal eigenvalue is extracted from time samples of the given system response. The techniques we discuss are based on classical theory such as the Karhunen-Loeve expansion. Only recently has it been applied to structural dynamics problems. It consists in obtaining a set of orthogonal eigenfunctions where the dynamics is to be projected. Practically, one constructs a spatial autocorrelation tensor and then performs its spectral decomposition. The resulting eigenfunctions will provide the required proper orthogonal modes(POMs) or empirical eigenmodes and the correspondent empirical eigenvalues (or proper orthogonal values, POVs) represent the mean energy contained in that projection. The purpose of this paper is to compare the reduced order model using Karhunen-Loeve expansion with the full model analysis. A cantilever beam and a simply supported plate subjected to sinusoidal force demonstrated the validity and efficiency of the reduced order technique by K-L method.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1996년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.68-73
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• 1996

The full incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are numerically integrated to solve the unsteady channel flow using a new numerical scheme of second-order accuracy developed by the authors. It is well known that in spite of the symmetry in the boundary condition and geometry, asymmetry can develop with time-dependency in a channel with sudden expansion. The instability of the shear flow and the cross-channel pressure contribute to such asymmetric flow. In this paper, we successfully generated a channel flow in which vortex waves were propagated downstream due to the harmonically oscillating inlet flow. The structure of the eddies and wall vorticity are parametrically investigated.