• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.430-438
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• 2008

Siberian spruce, found in the northern temperature and boreal regions of the earth, is usable biomass as fuels. In this study, parameters of thermochemical degradation by pyrolysis-liquefaction reaction of siberian spruce such as the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and degradation products and energy yields were investigated. The liquid products from pyrolysis-liquefaction of siberian spruce contained various kinds of cyclicketones, cresols, dimethyl phenols and benzenediols. Combustion heating value of liquid products from pyrolysis-liquefaction conversion processes was in the range of $7,650{\sim}7,800cal/g$. The energy yield in pyrolysis-liquefaction of siberian spruce was as high as 69.5% after 40min of reaction at $400^{\circ}C$. The liquid products from the thermochemical conversion of siberian spruce could be used as high octane value fuels and fuel additives.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2005

층상 실리케이트를 주형으로 이용하여 실리케이트의 층간에 pyrolized fuel oil (PFO)를 삽입하고 열분해시킨 후 실리케이트 골격을 용출 제거함으로써 다공성 층상카본을 제조하였다. 층상카본의 입자모양은 층상실리케이트 주형과 유사한 판상 형태이며, d-spacing은 0.78~0.82 nm로 일정한 값을 나타내었다. 실리케이트와 PFO의 혼합비율과 열처리 온도, 열처리 시간에 따른 비표면적은 $30{\sim}576m^2/g$로 크게 다른 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2007

The aim of this study is to find out the condition that generates maximum $H_2$ through the calculation of equilibrium model with conditions of pyrolysis gases of Refuse Plastic Fuel(RPF). This study deals with the computational simulation of a RPF gasification using an equilibrium model based on minimization of the Gibbs free energy. An equilibrium analysis was carried out to determine species composition of Syngas in RPF gasification and reactions to variation of temperature, $O_2/Fuel$ ratio and Steam/Fuel ratio. Calculated results shows that hydrocarbons in pyrolyzed gas are converted to synthesis gas which is formed on hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.261-264
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• 2015

Soot particles of diesel and bunker-A with different sulfur contents were generated by pyrolysis with varying conditions of fuel flow rate and residence time in the ceramic tube at $1300^{\circ}C$. TEM and particle size analyzer were used for analysing the primary and the secondary particle size distributions. The results showed that the sulfur content in fuel influences soot inception while the fuel concentration and residence time affects the growth of incepted soot particles.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.576-580
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• 2005

Magadiite 주형에 PFO (pyrolized fuel oil)와 Cobalt(II)2-ethylhexanoate 촉매를 함께 층간 삽입, $900{\sim}1100^{\circ}C$에서 3~24 h 동안 열분해하여 층간에 흑연 박막을 형성하고 magadiite 주형을 제거함으로서 다공성 흑연을 합성하였다. 소성시간이 길어질수록, 소성온도가 높을수록 흑연의 결정화도가 향상되었다. 비표면적은 PFO의 혼합비율, 소성시간, 소성온도에 따라 $261{\sim}400m^2/g$의 크게 다른 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.479-482
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• 2008

Since late of 2000, KIER has developed a novel pyrolysis process for production of fuel oils from polymer wastes. It could have been possible due to large-scale funding of the Resource Recycling R&D Center. The target was to develop an uncatalyzed, continuous and automatic process producing oils that can be used as a fuel for small-scale industrial boilers. The process development has proceeded in three stages bench-scale unit, pilot plant and demonstration plant. As a result, the demonstration plant having capacity of 3,000 tons/year has been constructed and is currently under test operation for optimization of operation conditions. The process consisted of four parts ; feeding system, cracking reactor, refining system and others. Raw materials were pretreated via shredding and classifying to remove minerals, water, etc. There were 3 kind of products, oils(80%), gas(15%), carbonic residue(5%). The main products i.e. oils were gasoline and diesel. The calorific value of gas has been found to be about 18,000kcal/$m^3$ which is similar to petroleum gas and shows that it could be used as a process fuel. Key technologies adopted in the process are 1) Recirculation of feed for rapid melting and enhancement of fluidity for automatic control of system, 2) Tubular reactor specially-designed for heavy heat flux and prevention of coking, 3)Recirculation of heavy fraction for prevention of wax formation, and 4) continuous removal & re-reaction of sludge for high yield of main product (oil) and minimization of residue. The advantages of the process are full automation, continuous operation, no requirement of catalyst, minimization of coking and sludge problems, maximizing the product(fuel oil) yield and purity, low initial investment and operation costs and environment- friendly process. In this presentation, background of pyrolysis technology development, the details of KIER pyrolysis process flow, key technologies and the performances of the process will be discussed in detail.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

The vast stores of biomass available in the worldwide have the potential to displace significant amounts of petroleum fuels. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of several paths by which we can convert biomass to higher value products. The wood pyrolysis oil (WPO) has been regarded as an alternative fuel for petroleum fuels to be used in diesel engine. However, the use of WPO in a diesel engine requires modifications due to low energy density, high water contents, high acidity, high viscosity, and low cetane number of the WPO. One possible method by which the shortcomings may be circumvented is to co-fire WPO with other petroleum fuels. WPO has poor miscibility with light petroleum fuel oils; the most suitable candidates fuels for direct fuel mixing are methanol or ethanol. Early mixing with methanol or ethanol has the added benefit of significantly improving the storage and handling properties of the WPO. For separate injection co-firing, a WPO-ethanol blended fuel can be fired through diesel pilot injection in a dual-injection dieel engine. In this study, the performance and emission characteristics of a dual-injection diesel engine fuelled with diesel (pilot injection) and WPO-ethanol blend (main injection) were experimentally investigated. Results showed that although stable engine operation was possible with separate injection co-firing, the fuel conversion efficiency was slightly decreased due to high water contents of WPO compare to diesel combustion.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.380-388
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• 2017

Wood pyrolysis oil(WPO) has been regarded as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. However, WPO is not feasible for use directly in diesel engines due to its poor fuel quality such as low energy density, high acidity, high viscosity and low cetane number. The most widely used approach to improve WPO fuel quality is to blend WPO with other hydrocarbon fuels that have a higher cetane number. However, WPO and fossil fuels are not usually blended because of their different polarity. Also, clogging and polymerization problems in the fuel supply system can occur when the engine is operated with WPO. Polymerization can be prevented by diluting WPO with other alcohol fuels. However, WPO-alcohol blended fuel does not produce self-ignition. Therefore, additional cetane enhancement to the blended fuel is required to enhance auto-ignitability. In this study, WPO was blended with n-butanol and two cetane enhancements(PEG 400 and 2-EHN) for application to a diesel generator. Experimental results showed that the WPO-butanol blended fuel achieved a very stable engine operation under maximum WPO content of 20 wt%.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.263-263
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• 2014

Low temperature pyrolysis of woody biomass has been conducted to produce highcalorie torrefied fuel. In this experiment, to maximize the energy efficiency in heat transfer, flue gas is directly used for heat source in the torrefier. To accomplish the oxygen free environment in the torrefaction reactor, a burner has been developed and it can be runned with fuel rich state. An inner central axis rotating type of reactor was applied in experiment. To use the calorific gases produced from torrefier, another burner is developed to combust them.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.408-412
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• 2005

Magadiite 주형에 pyrolized fuel oil (PFO)를 층간 삽입, 열처리하여 층간에 탄소 박막을 형성하고 magadiite 주형을 제거함으로서 다공성 층상탄소를 합성하였다. 층상카본은 주형과 유사한 판상 구조이며, d-spacing은 ~0.7 nm로서 일정한 값을 보여주었다. 비표면적은 주형의 형태, 혼합비율, 소성시간에 따라 $147{\sim}385m^2/g$ 크게 다른 값을 나타내었다.