• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.55-62
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• 2006

A two-step fuel-rich/fuel-lean catalytic combustion seems to be one of the most effective methods to control simultaneously the NO generation and the hydrocarbon (HC) conversion from fuel-bound nitrogen. By controlling equivalent air ratio for maintaining fuel-rich and fuel-lean condition over each catalytic layer, space velocity, inlet temperature, and catalyst component, the HCand ammonia conversion efficiency higher than 95% could be achieved, with ammonia conversion to NO remaining below 5%. The experimental results wouldbe applied to the combustion of land fill gas and to gasified refuse-derived fuels as a method of minimizing NO generation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.519-526
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• 2016

Biomass derived jet fuel is proven as a potential alternative for the currently used fossil oriented energy. The efficient production of jet fuel precursor with special molecular structure is prerequisite in producing biomass derived jet fuel. We synthesized a new jet fuel precursor containing branched $C_{15}$ framework by aldol condensation of furfural (FA) and ethyl levulinate (EL), where the latter of two could be easily produced from lignocellulose by acid catalyzed processes. The highest yield of 56% for target jet fuel precursor could be obtained at the optimal reaction condition (molar ratio of FA/EL of 2, 323 K, 50 min) by using KOH as catalyst. The chemical structure of $C_{15}$ precursor was specified as (3E, 5E)-6-(furan-2-yl)-3-(furan-2-ylmethylene)-4-oxohex-5-enoic acid ($F_2E$). For stabilization, this yellowish solid precursor was hydrogenated at low temperature to obtain C=C bonds saturated product, and the chemical structure was proposed as 4-oxo-6-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-3-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-methyl hexanoic acid ($H-F_2E$). The successful synthesis of the new jet fuel precursors showed the significance that branched jet fuel could be potentially produced from biomass derived FA and EL via fewer steps.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.12a
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• pp.285-285
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• 2015

Utilization of biomass as a substitute fuel for conventional energy systems have been grown larger everyday in the world. In particular, co-firing of biomass in a large coal power plant are common in Korea after the introduction of RPS since 2012, and the application of biomass-derived fuel is now spreading to district heating and power, industrial energy supply, and transportation sectors. For biomass to energy, appropriate conversion process is needed to satisfy the fuel requirements of a specific energy system. In this study, various kinds of thermochemical conversion technologies will be presented for renewable fuel productions from biomass.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.593-597
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• 2002

The power conversion system for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle(FCEV), technical trend, and a various type of Fuel Cell and its characteristics are presented. Especially, this paper is focused on the control methods of power conversion devices applied for the Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle, configuration of power system and operation mode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The prevalent topology for the power conversion systems, simulation results and development a tendency of FCEV and it's market investigations are introduced.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2003

In a bi-fuel engine using gasoline and LPG fuel, with the current ignition timing for gasoline being used, the effective performance could not be taken in LPG fuel supply mode. The ignition timing in LPG fuel mode must be advanced much more than that of gasoline mode for the compensation of its lower flame speed, due to engine torque drop. This study aims to develop the control system for ignition spark timing conversion which is composed of hardwares and control algorithm for gasoline/LPG engine. We propose the control system which can advance the ignition spark timing in LPG fuel mode more than used in gasoline fuel mode. The advance of ignition timing is achieved by change of the ignition dwell time of coil igniter. The engine torque and F/E(Fuel-Economy) in LPG fuel mode are measured to evaluate the difference of engine performance between before and alter changing ignition spark timings. The engine torque and F/E are increased respectively, which proves the developed control system is effective so much for gasoline and LPG bi-fuel engine.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.40-46
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• 2015

Stoichiometric combustion engine with Three-way catalyst had an advantage that can reduce the harmful emissions effectively. Fuel equivalence ratio controlled from engine is very important because Fuel equivalence ratio with high conversion efficiency was narrow. This study analyzed the conversion efficiency under whole range of operating area for to evaluate the performance of three-way catalyst. In order to identify the Optimum conversion efficiency, the conversion efficiency due to change the control value of fuel equivalence ratio was investigated. The result show that conversion efficiency of emissions(more than 95%) has discovered by means of fuel equivalence ratio control at each test condition. As engine power increases, optimal fuel equivalence ratio tended to increase linearly under operating conditions of similar exhaust gas temperature.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.723-732
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• 2022

Cracking ammonia inside solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack is a compact and simple way. To prevent sharp temperature fluctuation and increase cell efficiency, the decomposition reaction should be spread on whole cell area. This leading to a question that, how does anode thickness affect the conversion rate of ammonia and the cell voltage? Since the 0D model of SOFC is useful for system level simulation, how accurate is it to use equilibrium solver for internal ammonia cracking reaction? The 1D model of ammonia fed SOFC was used to simulate the diffusion and reaction of ammonia inside the anode electrode, then the partial pressure of hydrogen and steam at triple phase boundary was used for cell voltage calculation. The result shows that, the ammonia conversion rate increases and reaches saturated value as anode thickness increase, and the saturated thickness is bigger for lower operating temperature. The similar cell voltage between 1D and 0D models can be reached with NH₃ conversion rate above 90%. The 0D model and 1D model of SOFC showed similar conversion rate at temperature over 750℃.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2023

Carbon neutrality policies have been strengthened to reduce emissions, and the importance of technology road maps has been emphasized. In the global industrial boiler market, carbon neutrality is implemented through fuel diversification of methane-hydrogen mixture gas. However, various problems such as flashback and flame unstability arise. There is a limit to implementing the actual system as it remains in the early stage. Therefore, it is necessary to secure the source technology of methane-hydrogen hybrid combustion system applicable to industrial fields. In this study, control program for methane-hydrogen fuel conversion was developed to expect various parameters. After determining the hydrogen mixing ratio and the input air flow, the fuel conversion control algorithm was constructed to get the parameters that achieve the target oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas. LabVIEW program was used to derive correlations among hydrogen mixing rate, oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, input amount of air and heating value.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.503-512
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• 2012

There is a new power generation system such as direct coal fuel cell (DCFC) with a solid oxide electrolyte operated at relatively high temperature. In the system, it is of great importance to feed coal continuously into anodic electrode surface for its better contact, otherwise it would reduce electrochemical conversion of coal. For that purpose, it is required to improve the electrochemical conversion efficiency by using either rigorous mixing condition such as fluidized bed condition or just by recirculating coal particle itself successively into the reaction zone of the system. In this preliminary study, we followed the second approach to investigate how significantly particle recycle would affect the coal conversion efficiency. As a first phase, coal conversion was analyzed and evaluated from the thermochemical reaction of carbon with air under particle recirculating condition. The coal conversion efficiency was obtained from raw data measured by two different techniques. Effects of temperature and fuel properties on the coal conversion are specifically examined from the thermochemical reaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2011

In a bi-fuel engine using gasoline and LPG fuel, with the current ignition timing for gasoline being used, the optimum performance could not be taken in LPG fuel supply mode. The ignition timing in LPG fuel mode must be advanced much more than that of gasoline mode for the compensation of its higher ignition temperature. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the ignition spark timing conversion influences the engine performance of LPG/Gasoline Bi-Fuel engine. In order to investigate the engine performance during combustion, engine performance are sampled by data acquisition system, for example cylinder pressure, pressure rise rate and heat release rate, while change of the rpm(1500, 2000, 2500) and the ignition timing advance($5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$). As the result, between 1500rpm, 2000rpm and 2500rpm, the cylinder pressure and pressure rise rate was increased when the spark ignition was advanced but pressure rise rate at $20^{\circ}$ was smaller value.