• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.273-276
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• 1992

Armillaria mellea mushrooms were cultivated on the sawdust media, Quercus sawdust; rice bran=80:20 in polypropylene bags. The isolate of Armillaria mellea used was ARM69002F collected from a Korean pine plantation in Hongcheon district. The length of time between spawning and fruiting was required for 90 to 100 days. The number of fruiting bodies produced in a bags with a kg substrate were approxinately 31 (range of 18 to 62), and the total fresh weight 158g (61 to 207g), converted to 13 to 15% of fresh weight. The pilei of fruiting bodies were average 4.0 cm (2.5 to 7.6 cm)wide, and their stipes 8.2 cm long and 0.6 cm-thick at the upper part and 1.2 cm at the base.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Russula rosacea, a mycorrhizal fungus, has been used for edible and medicinal purposes. This study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-cholinesterase, and nitric oxide inhibitory effects of the fruiting bodies from R. rosacea extracted with methanol, and hot water. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of the methanol and hot water extracts (2.0 mg/ml) of R. rosacea were comparable with BHT, the positive control. The chelating effects of the mushroom and hot water extracts were significantly higher than that of BHT. The reducing power of methanol and hot water extract (6 mg/ml) were significantly lower than that of BHT. Seven phenolic compounds were detected from acetonitrile and hydrochloric acid solvent extract of the mushroom. alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of methanol and hot water extracts were lower than that of acarbose, the positive control. The acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effects were moderate compared with galanthamine, the standard drug. Nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW 264.7 cells were inhibited significantly by the mushroom extracts in a concentration dependent manner. Therefore, we demonstrated that fruiting bodies of R. rosacea possess in vitro antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-cholinesterase, and NO production inhibitory activities. The experimental results suggest that the fruiting bodies of R. rosacea are good natural antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory sources.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.491-495
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• 1998

A fungal disease of the cultivated mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, caused by Xylogone sphaerospora was epidemic throughout all cultivation areas in Korea which caused a lot of yield losses in the mushroom production. For controlling the disease, the screening of effective fungicides against the pathogenic fungus were conducted. Thirty seven commercially available fungicides were tested for their inhibitory activities on potato dextrose agar media supplemented with these fungicides at various concentrations. Twenty one fungicides significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen, Xylogone sphaerospora, but 16 fungicides had no inhibitory effect. Among these 21 fungicides, 17 fungicides also inhibited mycelial growth of Ganoderma lucidum as well, but imazalil, procymidone, triforine, and vinclozolin had no inhibitory effects. However, vinclozolin showed no inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of the mushroom even at the concentration of 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml vinclozolin solution for 2 hours, and then the pathogen was inoculated. After two month-cultivation of the mushroom, over 90% of logs treated with vinclozolin without pathogen inoculation produced fruiting bodies. However, fruiting bodies were not produced form the logs inoculated with the pathogen, but not treated with vinclozolin. Fifty seven percent of logs. which were pre-treated with vinclozolin and then inoculated with the pathogen produced fruiting bodies. Based on the results, vinclozolin is effective for the control of yellow disease of the Ganoderma lucidum caused by Xylogone sphaerospora.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.479-483
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• 2006

Eight compounds were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum, and were identified as 2-methoxyfatty acids (1), 5-dihydroergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3) $3{\beta},7{\beta},20,23{\zeta}-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic$ acid (4), $7{\beta},20,23{\zeta}-trihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic$ acid (5), cerevisterol (6), $7{\beta},23{\zeta}-dihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic$ acid (7), and $7{\beta}-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic$ acid methyl ester (8) by spectral analysis. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this fruiting bodies, and their effect on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) activity was tested. Among these eight compounds, ergosterol peroxide (3) was found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition, its $IC_{50}$ value being $15.4\;{\mu}g/mL$.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

Mushrooms play crucial roles as reservoirs of naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Among these, Cordyceps militaris is significant because of its well-established reputation for organoleptic excellence and positive health effects, which have led to its widespread commercialization. In contrast, the key properties of Paecilomyces variotii, an ectomycorrhizal symbiont, has received limited attention. In alignment with current research trends, the study of the mycelia and culture media of these mushrooms hold promise in identifying potential sources of valuable bioactive compounds. In the present study, we investigated C. militaris and P. variotii for their phenolic acids and sterols, assessing antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory effects, and anti-proliferative activity. Interestingly, P. variotii mycelia exhibited higher concentrations of ergosterol and phenolic compounds, with comparable levels observed in the fruiting bodies, along with superior antioxidant activity compared to that of C. militaris. In contrast, C. militaris mycelia demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects (which were absent in P. variotii mycelia) and cytotoxicity comparable to, and at times exceeding, that of its fruiting bodies (in contrast to P. variotii). In addition, the species analyzed in this study displayed variations in growth rates and mycelial production, which merit consideration for potential future applications and further study.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1199-1204
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• 2020

Lentinula edodes mushrooms cultivated under different relative humidities were wrapped at 4℃ and the results of storage characteristics were investigated. Changes in water content of fruiting bodies during the storage period showed the highest water content in fruit bodies harvested from the treatment with the highest relative humidity. The luminosity of the fresh fruiting bodies showed no significant change during the storage period, and the redness was higher in the relative humidity 95% treatment than in the other treatments. According to this study, the relative humidity of the pileus was 65%, and the content of Ergosterol was 0.67 ± 15 g / L at relative humidity of 65%, 80% and 95%. In addition, amino acid analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirmed that methionine was the main cause of changes in storage time and relative humidity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1288-1294
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• 2009

We have used mutational analysis to identity four genes, MXAN3553, MXAN3554, MXAN3555, and MXAN3556, constituting an operon that is essential for normal fruiting body development in Myxococcus xanthus. Deletion of MXAN3553, which encoded a hypothetical protein, resulted in delayed fruiting body development. MXAN3554 was predicted to encode a metallopeptidase, and its deletion caused fruiting body formation to fail. Inactivation of MXAN3555, which encoded a putative NtrC-type response regulator, resulted in delayed aggregation and a severe reduction in sporulation. Fruiting bodies also failed to develop with the deletion of MXAN3556, another gene encoding a hypothetical protein.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2011

Chemical mutagenesis of basidiospores of Hypsizygus marmoreus generated new mushroom strains. The basidospores were treated with methanesulfonate methylester, an alkylating agent, to yield 400 mutant monokaryotic mycelia. Twenty fast-growing mycelia were selected and mated each other by hyphal fusion. Fifty out of the 190 matings were successful (mating rate of 26.3%), judged by the formation of clamp connections. The mutant dikaryons were cultivated to investigate their morphological and cultivation characteristics. Mutant strains No. 3 and No. 5 showed 10% and 6% increase in fruiting body production, respectively. Eight mutant strains showed delayed and reduced primordia formation, resulting in the reduced production yield with prolonged cultivation period. The number of the fruiting bodies of mutant No. 31, which displayed reduced primordial formation, was only 15, compared to the parental number of 65. Another interesting phenotype was a fruiting body with a flattened stipe and pileus. Dikaryons generated by mating with the mutant spore No. 14 produced flat fruiting bodies. Further molecular biological studies will provide details of the mechanism. This work shows that the chemical mutagenesis approach is highly utilizable in the development of mushroom strains as well as in the generation of resources for molecular genetic studies.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2010

두 종류의 목질진흙버섯인 P. linteus 와 P. baumii 균주를 가지고 뽕나무, 참나무, 느릅나무 등 3가지 재배원목을 이용하여 자실체를 발생시킨 후 무기물의 함유량을 ICP 법으로 정량하였다. Ca은 2종의 균주 모두 뽕나무에서 발생한 자실체의 함유량이 300 mg/100 g 이상으로 참나무나 느릅나무에서 발생한 자실체보다 2~4배 높았으며, K은 2종의 균주 모두 참나무에서 발생한 자실체의 함유량이 600 mg/100 g 이상으로 전체 무기물 중 가장 많은 함유량을 보이며 참나무 및 느릅나무에서 발생된 자실체보다 2배 이상 높았다. 특히 Na은 2종 균주 모두 참나무에서 발생된 자실체가 10배 수준 이상 월등히 높게 함유되어 있어서 Ca, K, Na의 함유량 분석이 재배 원목을 구분하는데 매우 유용한 것으로 기대한다. 또한 P. linteus와 P. baumii의 구분에는 linteus는 Fe의 함유량이 참나무 재배 자실체에서 유의성게 높았으며, baumii는 P의 함유량이 참나무 재배 자실체에서 200 mg/kg으로 2배 이상 높게 검출되어 Fe와 P의 분석만으로 균주를 구분할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. P은 2종의 균주, 3종의 재배 원목에서 모두 80 mg/kg 이상 함유되었으나 다른 버섯류의 무기성분 연구에서는 분석되지 않은 무기물로 목질진흙 버섯에만 함유되어 있는지는 앞으로 더 연구가 필요하다고 판단한다. 그 밖의 Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn의 분석으로는 극미량이 함유되어 있어 이들 성분으로는 균주 및 재배원목의 구분이 현실적으로 어려울 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 ICP를 이용한 무기물 함유량 분석이 P. linteus와 P. baumii 2가지 균주를 가지고 발생된 뽕나무, 참나무 그리고 느릅나무 자실체의 사용균주와 재배원목을 구분하는데 매우 유용한 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권3호통권86호
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• pp.380-386
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• 1998

눈꽃동충하초의 대량 인공재배를 위한 배양적 특징을 조사하기 위하여 기본실험을 수행하였다. 공시 배지로는 액체, 고체의 MYG(Malt yeast glucose) 배지를 이용하였고 균사생장은 $23{\sim}27^{\circ}C$의 범위의 온도에서 비교적 좋은 생장률을 나타내었으며 최적 온도는 $25^{\circ}C$, pH는 7.0에서 가장 좋은 생장을 나타내었다. 자실체 형성을 위한 부산물로서 번데기가루, 한약찌꺼기 등이 적합하였고, 눈꽃동충하초의 대량생산을 위한 간편한 방법으로서 일반 누에번데기를 균현탁액과 gelatin을 혼합한 용액을 접종원으로 이용하여 접종한 후, 배양하였을 때 우수한 자실체 형성을 보여 주었다.