• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.569-577
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• 2012

The physicochemical characteristics and biological activities, including antioxidant activity, antimutagenicity, and cytotoxicity of hot-water extract of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus, were investigated in this study. Hot-water extract of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus contained carbohydrate (7.86%), protein (10.91%), and ${\beta}$-glucan (3.62%). Water solubility of hot-water extract was 42.58%. Antioxidant activities of the extract were evaluated by ABTS assay and FRAP assay. The $IC_{50}$ value was 312.21 ${\mu}g/mL$ in ABTS assay. Antimutagenic activity of the extract was evaluated by Ames test. Antimutagenicity of hot-water extract (5 mg/mL) on Salmonella Typhimurium TA100 mutagenated by sodium azide (0.15 ${\mu}g/mg$) was 69.2%. Cytotoxicity of hot-water extract was also evaluated by MTT and SRB assay. The cytotoxicity was highest (83.95%) on Hep3B treated with 2,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ of hot-water extract in SRB assay. Therefore, it is suggested that hot-water extract of fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus has high antioxidant activity, antimutagenicity, and cytotoxicity.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.491-495
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• 1998

A fungal disease of the cultivated mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, caused by Xylogone sphaerospora was epidemic throughout all cultivation areas in Korea which caused a lot of yield losses in the mushroom production. For controlling the disease, the screening of effective fungicides against the pathogenic fungus were conducted. Thirty seven commercially available fungicides were tested for their inhibitory activities on potato dextrose agar media supplemented with these fungicides at various concentrations. Twenty one fungicides significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the pathogen, Xylogone sphaerospora, but 16 fungicides had no inhibitory effect. Among these 21 fungicides, 17 fungicides also inhibited mycelial growth of Ganoderma lucidum as well, but imazalil, procymidone, triforine, and vinclozolin had no inhibitory effects. However, vinclozolin showed no inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of the mushroom even at the concentration of 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml vinclozolin solution for 2 hours, and then the pathogen was inoculated. After two month-cultivation of the mushroom, over 90% of logs treated with vinclozolin without pathogen inoculation produced fruiting bodies. However, fruiting bodies were not produced form the logs inoculated with the pathogen, but not treated with vinclozolin. Fifty seven percent of logs. which were pre-treated with vinclozolin and then inoculated with the pathogen produced fruiting bodies. Based on the results, vinclozolin is effective for the control of yellow disease of the Ganoderma lucidum caused by Xylogone sphaerospora.

• Mycobiology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.214-220
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• 2003

The fruiting body of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus was collected at Mt. Mani, Ganghwa Island, Korea in September, 2001. This study was carried out to obtain the basic informations for the mycelial growth and fruiting body production of P. fumosoroseus in artificial media. The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth were obtained at $25^{\circ}C$ and in the range of pH $6{\sim}9$, respectively. P. fumosoroseus showed the favorable growth on Hamada medium. The carbon and nitrogen source favorable for mycelial growth were dextrin and histidine, respectively. Optimum C/N ratio suitable for optimal growth of P. fumosoroseus was observed on the culture media adjusted to the ratio of 40:1. The mycelial growth of P. fumosoroseus was optimal on corn meal agar supplemented with 30% of silkworm pupae. The most favorable fruiting body formation of P. fumosoroseus was obtained in the medium containing unpolished rice supplemented with 20%(w/w) silk worm pupae at $25^{\circ}C$ under 100 lux.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.151-154
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the elemental compositions, antioxidant and antitumor activity of water, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% ethanol extracts obtained from the fruiting body of Phellinus gilvus. In electron donating ability test, the strong activities more than 70% were observed in $80{\mu}g/ml$ of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% ethanol extracts from the fruiting body of P. gilvus grown in oak and sawdust. The antitumor activity was evaluated by sulforhodamine B (SRB) in terms of cell survival level. The tumor cells (sarcoma 180) were treated with various ethanol extracts (water, 20, 40, 60 and 80%). The results showed that all extracts inhibited proliferation showing a dose-dependent manner against tumor cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.479-483
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• 2006

Eight compounds were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum, and were identified as 2-methoxyfatty acids (1), 5-dihydroergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3) $3{\beta},7{\beta},20,23{\zeta}-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic$ acid (4), $7{\beta},20,23{\zeta}-trihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic$ acid (5), cerevisterol (6), $7{\beta},23{\zeta}-dihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic$ acid (7), and $7{\beta}-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic$ acid methyl ester (8) by spectral analysis. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this fruiting bodies, and their effect on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) activity was tested. Among these eight compounds, ergosterol peroxide (3) was found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition, its $IC_{50}$ value being $15.4\;{\mu}g/mL$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.85-87
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• 2010

Anti-gout xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of water extracts from various mushrooms were determined. The highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was 72.9% in the water extract from fruiting body of Agaricus brazillensis and also were high in the extract from fruiting bodies of Pleurotus salmoneostramineus(60.1%), Phellinus baumii(57.7%), Agaricus bisporus(56.7%) and Hericium erinaceum(53.4%). The xanthine oxidase inhibitor was maximally extracted when Agaricus brazillensis fruiting body was treated with water at $30^{\circ}C$ for 24 h.

• Mycobiology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.190-193
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• 2004

Six strains of Sparassis crispa such as S. crispa DUM-01, DUM-02, DUM-03, DUM-04, DUM-05, and DUM-06 were tested for their mycelial growth on 6 different kinds of sawdust media and primordial formation on 10 different compositions of larch sawdust media. The highest mycelial growth was recorded on the larch sawdust. Of the 6 strains of S. crispa, S. crispa DUM-04 recorded the favorable formation of primordia. The primordial formation of S. crispa DUM-04 was more favorable on L-3 medium than 9 kinds of larch sawdust media. When S. crispa DUM-04 was cultured on the media of larch sawdust+pine sawdust, the formation of its fruiting bodies was more outstanding on the media of larch sawdust+pine sawdust than those of larch sawdust.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.116-120
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• 2003

This study was carried out to obtain basic data on physiological characteristics for an artificial cultivation of fruiting body of C. pruinosa. C. pruinosa showed the most favorable growth on the MCM medium. The optimal condition for the mycelial growth was obtained at 25$^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0, respectively. Carbon sources such as arabinose, mannose, xylose were favorable for stimulating a mycelial growth and fruiting bodies of C. pruinosa. Ammonium nitrate, ammonium citrate and ammonium tartrate of nitrogen sources also appeared to be good in the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2023

Lyophyllum decastes has been used for culinary purpose. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects from methanol, acetone, and hot water extracts of L. decastes fruiting bodies. The acetone and methanol extracts showed the higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazy radical scavenging activities than that of the hot water extract at 0.5-2.0 mg/mL and was comparable to the BHT, the positive control. The ferrous ion chelating effects of the mushroom extracts at 0.5-2.0 mg/mL were significantly higher than that of BHT. The reducing power of acetone extract (2.12) was significantly lower than that of BHT (2.73) at 2.0 mg/ mL. The mushroom extracts also showed inhibitory effects on production of nitric oxide (NO), and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide-induced murine macrophage cells in a concentration dependent manner. In vivo anti-inflammatory experiment on carrageenan-induced hind-paw edema of rat model, the acetone extract of the mushroom significantly suppressed the carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema of rats in a dose dependently. The results suggest that the fruiting bodies of Lyophyllum decastes are a good natural resource of antioxidant and anti-inflammation.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

Mushrooms play crucial roles as reservoirs of naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Among these, Cordyceps militaris is significant because of its well-established reputation for organoleptic excellence and positive health effects, which have led to its widespread commercialization. In contrast, the key properties of Paecilomyces variotii, an ectomycorrhizal symbiont, has received limited attention. In alignment with current research trends, the study of the mycelia and culture media of these mushrooms hold promise in identifying potential sources of valuable bioactive compounds. In the present study, we investigated C. militaris and P. variotii for their phenolic acids and sterols, assessing antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory effects, and anti-proliferative activity. Interestingly, P. variotii mycelia exhibited higher concentrations of ergosterol and phenolic compounds, with comparable levels observed in the fruiting bodies, along with superior antioxidant activity compared to that of C. militaris. In contrast, C. militaris mycelia demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects (which were absent in P. variotii mycelia) and cytotoxicity comparable to, and at times exceeding, that of its fruiting bodies (in contrast to P. variotii). In addition, the species analyzed in this study displayed variations in growth rates and mycelial production, which merit consideration for potential future applications and further study.