• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 1990

The contractility of isolated rat atria, suspended in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium containing 5.5mM glucose, was depressed approximately 50% by 0.1 mM of lidocaine. Partial recovery of the lidocaine-depressed contractility was achieved by the metabolizable substrates pyruvate, acetate, and fructose, but not by addition of glucose. Glucose produced the dose-dependent increase in the force of contraction of normal atria, whereas pyruvate, acetate, and fructose produced no significant effect in the contractile activity of the normal atria. In the absence of exogenous glucose lidocaine produced more marked depression of atrial contractility than that in the presence of exogenous glucose. The results of this study may confirm that the utilization of cardiac glycogen is also inhibited by lidocaine at sites of the glucose phosphate isomerase step or step between glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.467-477
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• 2009

Host preference was tested on the 7 species plants against ggot-mae-mi, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae). This insect highly preferred Ailanthus altissima and Vitis vinifera however, didn't choose the other plants preferentially. Both nymphs and adults lived longest in A. altissima and V. vinifera but lived in short and low ecdysis rate against other plants and 3 species fruits. By analyzing the phloem-feeding behavior using EPG, L. delicatula was showed the short time in non-probing phase and it also exhibit the longest feeding time in A. altissima and V. vinifera, but other plants did not feed the phloem at all. In sugar contents analysis, A. altissima existed high sucrose proportion and followed by fructose>glucose, V. vinifera was analyzed by an order of glucose> fructose>maltose>sucrose>rhamnose, Malus pumila was as glucose> fructose, Pyrus calleryana was as glucose>unkown>fructose, Hibiscus syriacus was as sucrose>glucose. Nymphs and adults of L. delicatula lived longest in 5% sucrose solution, and next is in 5% fructose solution. However, they lived short in other sugar solutions. L. delicatula nymph and adult according to the combination of sugar proportion found in original plants lived longer in sugar combination solution of A. altissima and those of V. vinifera was next. Analyzed original sugar proportion from M. pumila, P. calleryana, H. syriacus respectively, L. delicatula lived short period comparing to the A. altissima, V. vinifera. This result was judged that sugar contents affected on choosing the host plants.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 1995

Quality changes of high fructose corn syrups (HFCS) were investigated during storage at $-5{\sim}60^{\circ}C$. Color properties such as spectrophotometric properties, HMF and Hunter color value increased continuously during storage period. And the change was most evident as storage temperature and fructose content were elevated. High fructose corn syrups all showed flow behaviors as dilatant fluid and their viscosities increased slightly during storage. Content of fructose decreased, while glucose, maltose and oligosaccharide contents increased during storage. Especially, crystallization of what was observed below $13^{\circ}C$ during storage.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.4 no.2 s.7
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• pp.27-32
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• 1989

In orde to investigate free sugar, sugar alcohol, amino acid and mineral contents of edible mushrooms, hentinus edodes, Auricula-Jude and Coriolus Versicolor were analyzed. 1. In each of the three mushrooms, glucose, fructose, xylose, trehalose, mannose and mannitol were identified and in the hentinus edodes and Auricula-jude, the major free sugar was trehalose, respectively and increasing sequence in amount of free sugars were mannitol, mannose, fructose, glucose, on the other hand that lowest amount was Xylose. The relatively richest were glucose, fructose, trehalose, mannose, on the other hand lower amount of sample, Coriolus Versicolor were mannitol and Xylose. 2. In each of the three samples, essential amino acids were high amounts, especially good taste component, glutamic acid was higher. 3. The mineral p Contents$(925\~115mg)$ were highest and Mg was higher amount, in hentinus edodes and Auricula-jude, K, Na, Ca, Cu, Zn, etc were identified, In Coriolus versicolor, K content was highest, on the other hand, Sequence of mineral amount was Ca, Fe and Na.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.160-172
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Nutritional status and food intake during pregnancy and lactation can affect fetal programming. In the current metabolic syndrome epidemic, high-fructose diets have been strongly implicated. This study investigated the effect of maternal high-fructose intake during pregnancy and lactation on the development of metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Drinking water with or without 20% fructose was administered to female C57BL/6J mice over the course of their pregnancy and lactation periods. After weaning, pups ate regular chow. Accu-Chek Performa was used to measure glucose levels, and a tail-cuff method was used to examine systolic blood pressure. Animals were sacrificed at 7 months, their livers were excised, and sections were stained with Oil Red O and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Kidneys were collected for gene expression analysis using quantitative real-time Polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Adult offspring exposed to maternal high-fructose intake during pregnancy and lactation presented with heavier body weights, fattier livers, and broader areas under the curve in glucose tolerance test values than control offspring. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure in the maternal high-fructose group were higher than that in controls. However, there were no significant differences in mRNA expressions of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genes and sodium transporter genes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that maternal high-fructose intake during pregnancy and lactation induces metabolic syndrome with hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in adult offspring.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.375-380
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• 1986

The result of analysis of ingredient of Kochujang is as follows. The experiments were prepared with wheat flour (WF) and glutinous rice(GR) ; the experimental A type is made of full WF, B type, WF 75% and GR 25%, C type, WF 50% and GR 50% and D type, only full GR. The N content of crude protein and amino type N is higher in the order of A, B, C, and D types, ethyl alcohol is higher in the order of D, C, B, and A types in aging process. The pH is some what higher in A type but in moisture and NaCl, not much difference were shown in the experimental types. The isolated sugars of Kochujang ripened for 90 days analyzed out glucose, fructose, maltose and rhamnose with glucose being the largest in quantity. Glucose is higher in A type, fructose in B type. The alcohols of the ripened Kochujang analyzed out n-propyl, iso-butyl, and iso-amyl alcohol, the content of which is below 3.2mg% and did not show much difference in each experimental types.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 2004

Brown color intensity has been a major factor to estimate the quality of red ginseng and its products. This study deals with the relationship between the browning reaction of ginseng root and two compounds, arginyl-fructosyl-glucose(Arg-fru-glc) and arginyl-fructose (Arg-fru), in the model system of steaming and heat-drying processes for the preparation of red ginseng. During the steaming process, a marked decrease of starch and a considerable formation of maltose occurred in main roots of raw ginseng, but the formation of glucose was scarcely observed. After the heat-drying process, the brown color intensity of the powdered preparation of steamed main roots was 3 to 4 times higher than that of the powdered preparation of raw main roots. Also, when the heat- drying process was done with the addition of L-arginine, brown color intensity of the powdered preparation of steamed main roots was 12 to 13 times higher than that of the powdered preparation of raw main roots. The amount ratios of browning reaction products formed from sugar compounds and amino acids in the model system of steaming and heat-drying treatments in vitro were in order of xylose > glucose > fructose > maltose > dextrin (DE 9) > sucrose > dextrin (DE 8) and soluble starch. Each solution of Arg-fru-glc and Arg-fru that were synthesized chemically from maltose plus L-arginine and glucose plus L-arginine, respectively, changed from colorless to brown color during the heat-drying treatment. Amino acids or sugars were effective on the acceleration of each browning reaction of Arg-fru-gIc and Arg-fru during the heat-drying treatment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 2015

Carbohydrate sources are one of important factors associated with macro- and micro nutrients and phytohormones in vitro culture medium for shoot growth. The optimal carbohydrates for eight species of the genus Prunus which are economically important fruit crop was evaluated at the initiation and elongation stages. All carbohydrate seemed utilized for the bud break and leaf growth at the early stage of culture. However, shoot elongation and fresh weight of species tested were superior in the medium containing 90 mM of fructose or glucose rather than sucrose. There was no difference between glucose and fructose. Adventitious shoots from the axillary buds were induced in most species but no significant differences were observed except for two species (P. salicina ‘Shiro’ and P. tomentosa). These result demonstrated that glucose and fructose were suitable carbohydrate sources for diverse Prunus species than sucrose, although the response to the carbohydrates in the medium were slightly different in the species.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.340-343
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• 2005

Surimi samples were prepared with the addition of three different sugars (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) at 8% and the thermal gelation of surimi sols was investigated by small-deformation oscillatory measurements of storage (G') and loss (G") moduli. The magnitudes of G' at $10^{\circ}C$ were much greater than G" over the entire range of frequency (${\omega}$), with little dependence on ${\omega}$. In general, G' values of surimi sol containing sucrose during heating (from 10 to $95^{\circ}C$) was pronounced than those of glucose and fructose, showing the following order: sucrose>glucose>fructose. The transition peaks of surimi sols containing sugars were in the temperature range of $34.8-37.4^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 1995

Yam(Dioscorea) tubers were used as one of the dietary starches in Korea, China and Japan because of its characteristic properties. Yam tubers were powdered after freeze drying the sliced tubers to investigate carbohydrates. Chemical properties such as proximate components and carbohydrates were studied using three varieties of Korean yams, namely. D. batatas, D. aimadoimo and D. japonica. The proximate components of yam tubers showed that the major components of Korean yam tubers were carbohydrates and moisture. The main components of free sugars in yams were identified as fructose, glucose, sucrose and maltose. In addition to these four sugars, there were two unidentifiable peaks whose areas are too big to ignore. These results were obviously different from other reported data of free sugars in yams. The main components of total sugars were mannose and glucose.