• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2010

Frog or toad is an animal adoration of ancient ancestors in ethnic minorities in South China, in Li tribe tradition, frog is not only a symbol of avoiding evil and the expression of maternal love, but also the decoration of missing the ancestors. This article has discussed the origin of frog pattern, summarized the frog pattern's forms in Li brocade. At last also discussed the common frog pattern in Li tribe.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1914-1919
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• 2006

Recently, the microrobots powered by biological muscle actuators were proposed. Among the biological muscle actuators, frog muscle is well known as a good muscle actuator and has a large displacement, actuation forces and piezoelectric properties. Therefore, for the application of the biomimetic microrobot, this paper reports the electromechanical properties of frog muscle. First of all, the experimental setup has been established for measuring generative force of the frog muscle. Through the various electrical stimulating inputs to the frog muscle, we measured the contractile force of the frog muscle. From the measuring results, we found that the actuating contractile force responses of the frog muscle are determined by the amplitude, frequency, duty ratio, and wave form of the stimulation signal. This study will be beneficial for the development of the microrobot actuated by frog muscle.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1973

It has been reported that vasopressin disperse the melanophore granule of frog skin. The author used hypophysectomized and adrenergic receptor blockaded animals in order to define the mechanism of vasopressin on the melanopore pigment of frog skin. The Rana niglomaculata which could be found in the Seoul area were used on this experiment. The amount of the following drugs were injected into the lymphatic sac of the frog; vaospressin $(0.05\;{\mu}g/g\;B.W.)$, dibenzylin $(0.05\;{\mu}g/g\;B.W.)$, and propranolol $(0.01\;{\mu}g/g\;B.W.)$. The following results were observed; 1. Vasopressin dispersed the melanin granules of melanocyte of frog skin. 2. The melanin granule dispersion activity of vasopressin was observed on the hypophysectomized frog. 3. The melanin granule dispersion was observed on the adrenergic receptor blockaded frog with dibenzylin or propranolol respectively, especially the later one was found to be more obvious. 4. The melanin granule dispersion was observed on the frog which was injected with vasopressin after alpha-receptor or beta-receptor blockade and the later one was found to be more obvious. 5. The melanin granule dispersion was more effective with the blockade of beta-receptor after the treatment with vasopressin on hypophysectomized frog.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.197-200
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• 1999

비선형 천수방정식을 해석하기 위하여 보정 leap-frog 기법을 확장하였다. 차분화 과정에서 발생하는 수치분산을 조정하여 Boussinesq 방정식의 분산을 대치하도록 하였다. 새로이 개발된 보정 leap-frog 기법을 이용하여 일정수심 및 경사면을 진행하는 고립파를 모의하였다. 새로운 확장기법에 의해 계산된 자유수면변위는 기존의 해석해 및 수치해와 잘 일치한다.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.266-273
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• 2016

Optimization of hole-making operations in manufacturing industry plays a vital role. Tool travel and tool switch planning are the two major issues in hole-making operations. Many industrial applications such as moulds, dies, engine block, automotive parts etc. requires machining of large number of holes. Large number of machining operations like drilling, enlargement or tapping/reaming are required to achieve the final size of individual hole, which gives rise to number of possible sequences to complete hole-making operations on the part depending upon the location of hole and tool sequence to be followed. It is necessary to find the optimal sequence of operations which minimizes the total processing cost of hole-making operations. In this work, therefore an attempt is made to reduce the total processing cost of hole-making operations by applying relatively new optimization algorithms known as shuffled frog leaping algorithm and proposed modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm for the determination of optimal sequence of hole-making operations. An industrial application example of ejector plate of injection mould is considered in this work to demonstrate the proposed approach. The obtained results by the shuffled frog leaping algorithm and proposed modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm are compared with each other. It is seen from the obtained results that the results of proposed modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm are superior to those obtained using shuffled frog leaping algorithm.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2010

본고의 목적은 2급 1류 치열안면 구조를 가지는 한 환자에 적용된 새로이 고안된 상악 대구치 원심 이동 장치인 Frog appliance의 효과를 평가하기 위함이다. 11세의 여자 환자가 교정 치료를 위해 본 진료실로 의뢰되었다. 환자는 미약한 2급 골격관계와 2급의 대구치 및 견치 관계를 양측 모두에서 보이고 있었다. 고정성 장치 치료를 통해 양측 상악 제1대구치를 원심 이동시키는 방법을 포함하는 치료 계획을 수립하였으며 상악 대구치를 원심 이동하기 위해 새로이 고안된 Frog appliance를 제작 및 적용하였다. 측모 두부방사선 사진으로 치료 결과를 평가하였으며 상악 제1대구치의 원심 이동이 4개월의 치료 기간 동안 이루어 졌고 1급의 구치 관계가 얻어졌다. 총 치료 기간은 16개월이 소요되었다. 두부방사선 사진을 평가한 결과 약간의 고정원 상실과 함께 대구치의 원심 이동이 치축 이동에 가깝게 일어난 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 Frog appliance는 환자의 협조를 요하지 않는 장치로서 간단하고 효과적으로 양측 대구치의 원심이동을 이룰 수 있는 구내 장치이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2015

This study was performed to propose the site selection plan for the restoration of the target Narrow-mouth Frog(Kaloula borealis) habitat, and has developed the AHP model to select the optimal site for narrow-mouth frog habitat restoration on the basis of the narrow-mouth frog Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) items (factors and variables). The assessment areas were established by the narrow-mouth frog HSI factors such as space, feed, cover, water(breeding), threatening factors and others, and the sub-assessment items by each assessment area were established based on the narrow-mouth frog HSI variables. The weighting values of the assessment areas and items were calculated by the developed AHP method. The weighting values of the 5 assessment areas were arranged in order as cover(0.283), water(breeding)(0.276), feed(0.230), space(0.147), and threatening factor(0.064). The final weighting values of the 14 assessment items were arranged in order of height as low-rise grassland(0.190), soil quality(0.178), and stones and between the stones(0.105). The scoring criteria according to the assessment items and factors were marked and applied by equal intervals considering the criteria by HSI items of the narrow-mouth frog and finally the scoring criteria diagram has been proposed for the optimal site selection of the narrow-mouth frog habitat restoration.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.311-317
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• 1994

Seasonal variations of GnRH were investigated by immunohlstochemicsl technique in three species of frog, Rona niEromaculutu, R. dvbowskii 8nd R. mgosa with different ovulation period in order to examine the relationship between GnRH expression and reproductive function. In all three species of frog, the intensity of GnRH immunoreactivitv and the number of GnRH neurons in the brawn were relatively high in frogs at the pre-ovulation period and markedly increased at the ovulation period. Those were then decreased after ovulation and further lowered during early hibernation period. These results indicate that GnRH experssion is closely related to specific phases of annual reproductive cycle in frog.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.193-197
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• 1999

A peroxidase-antiperoxidase method was used to detect the cells showing immunoreactivities to six hormone antibodies in the alimentary tracts of six frog species, Rana nigromaculata, R. rugosa, R. amurensis coreana, R. catesbeiana, Bombina orientalis, and Hyla arborea japonica, inhabiting Korea. The cells immunoreactive to gastrin and cholecystokinin-8 were observed in the pylorus of the stomachs and in the small intestines of all frog species examined. In contrast, these somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were identified in the esophagus and the whole gastrointestinal tracts, but were absent from the large intestines in R. rugosa, R. catesbeiana, B. orientalis and H. arborea japonica. The pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-immunoreactive cells represented their distribution limited to the small intestines of R. amurensis coreana and H. arborea japonica, and they were additionally identified in the pylorus of the stomachs in the other four species. Serotonin- and glucagon- Immunoreactive cells revealed different regional distributions in which the former were observed throughout the whole alimentary tracts in all frog species investigated, whereas the latter were not found in these regions at all. Endocrine cells were relatively abundant in the pyloric portion of the stomach compared to other organs. The present study showed that all endocrine cells except for PP had a similar distribution in the alimentary tracts of all frog species used.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.278-284
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• 2004

지속시간이 펨토초 수준에 이르는 빛펄스의 전기장 및 위상의 시간적 변화를 잴 수 있는 "이차조화파 발생 프로그(SHG FROG: Second Harmonic Generation Frequency Resolved Optical Gating)" 장치 및 소프트웨어를 개발하고 성능을 확인하였다. 이 장치를 써서 잰 실험값으로부터 빛펄스를 복원하는데는 "주요성분 일반 투영(PCGP: Principal Component Generalized Projection)" 방식에 더하여 프로그 궤적의 주파수 및 시간지연 "한계값(marginal)"과 이차조화파의 분광분포에 대한 조건을 덧붙임으로써 복원과정의 안정성과 수렴속도를 개선하였다.