• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.384-393
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• 2021

Recently, due to environmental and toxicity issues, there has been increasing attention on research regarding natural products that can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Wood extracts derived from the biorefining process contain various fertilizer ingredients. HPLC analysis revealed that wood extract contains approximately 5.2% hemicellulosic sugar. The growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) upon treatment with wood extract (extract obtained from steam-exploded pine) or water-soluble fertilizers containing different nutrients was analyzed in this study. After two weeks, the growth characteristics of lettuce as affected by wood extract or water-soluble fertilizers were significantly different. The effect of water-soluble fertilizers containing ascorbic acid, magnesium sulfate, citric acid, potassium nitrate, amino acids, or seaweed extract was less desirable than that of wood extracts regarding plant height (18.6 cm), number of leaves (10), leaf length (14.1 cm), shoot fresh wight (9.8 g/plant), root fresh weight (0.8 g/plant) and shoot dry weight (0.6 g/plant). The plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, shoot fresh wight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight of water-soluble fertilizers containing wood extract were significantly different compared to the control (plant height :13.5 cm, number of leaves : 7, leaf length : 9.4 cm, shoot fresh wight : 5.3 g/plant, root fresh weight : 0.7 g/plant, shoot dry weight : 0.4 g/plant, root dry weight : 0.07 g/plant). From these results, it was concluded that wood extract can be used as a potential water-soluble fertilizer to increase the yield of leafy vegetables.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.94-103
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• 1996

To understand effect of inoculum size, cell density, sucrose concentration and concentrations of MS basal on suspension culture and protoplast isolation of wild viola(Viola patrinii DC.) callus from petiole segments this experiment was conducted. In the lot of 30 mesh inoculum size, two observations were; One was that a considerable increase in the fresh and dry weight of callus was determined. Another was that the callus mass was relatively compact compared with others. A recommendable cell density was 0.4g for 20ml culture medium and the higher sucrose concentration, the higher fresh and dry weight were obtained. The dilution of MS basal salt was differently affected on fresh and dry weight; the highest fresh weight was found in 1x MS salt, while the higest dry weight was in 1/3x dilution.The addition of casein hydrolysate(3g/L) was more effective to increase of both fresh and dry weight. THe contents of protein was great in the inoculum lots with larger inoculum sizeand higher concentration of MS basal salts contenting 3g/L of casein hydrolysate and higher sucrose compared with others. The greatest protoplasts were isolated from the lot of 10 mesh size treated with 1%pectinase SE-150 and 2% cellulase YC. In general, for optimal protoplast isolation the followingconditions were recommended; 1) Use of smaller cell size cultured for 2-5 weeks, and 2) more than 5 hours incubation using the combined mixture of the enzymes with proper concentrations.

• Plant Resources
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2001

Major characteristics of new Waesungri maize inbred line has multi-tiller and ears: five to six tillers and seven to eight ears per plant and flowering date of Waesungri was delayed about 18 and 24 days compared to Mo17 U.S line and IK$_4$ Korean local lines, respectively. Number of ears, fresh and dry weight per plant were significantly different among all tested hybrids including Waesungri/Sinkihong hybrid under different planting times and densities. Especially, both fresh and dry weight of IK$_1$/FR140//Waesungri F$_1$hybrid were significantly higher at high planting density. In kernel weight per unit area, Wnesungri/Sinkihong hybrid was high at high density and IK$_1$/FR140//Waesungri hybrid was high at low planting density. As results of analysis of variance, flowering date was shown a significantly different both planting times and varieties, while other characters including stem height were shown very variable in interactions with enviromental factors.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1266-1266
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• 2001

Pasture composition, an important attribute determining sward condition and value, is normally assessed by hand separation, drying and measuring weight contribution of each species in the mixture. This is a tedious, time and labour consuming procedure. NIRS has demonstrated the potential for predicting botanical composition of swards, but most of the work has been carried out on dry samples. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of developing NIR models for predicting the white clover and ryegrass content in fresh or dry mixtures artificially prepared from pure samples of both species. Mixtures from pure stands of white clover(Trifolium repens) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) were prepared with different proportions (0 to 100%) of each species (fresh weight). A total of 55 samples were made (11 mixtures,5 cuts). Spectra (400 to 2500 nm) were taken from fresh chopped (rectangular cuvettes, transport sample module) samples, in a NIR Systems 6500 scanning monochromator controlled by the software NIRS 3 (Infrasoft International), which was also utilized for calibration development. Different math treatments (derivative order, subtraction gap and smooth segment) and a scatter correction treatment of the spectra (SNV and Detrend) were tested. Equations were developed by modified partial least squares. Prediction accuracy evaluated by cross-validation, showed that percentage of clover or ryegrass, as contribution in dry weight, can be successfully percentage of clover or ryegrass, as contribution in dry weight, can be successfully predicted either on fresh or dried samples, with equations developed by different math treatments. Best equations for fresh samples were developed including a first, second, or third derivative, whereas for dry samples best equations included a second or third derivative. Standard errors of ross validation were about 6% for fresh and 3.6% for dry samples, Coefficient of determination of cross validation (1-VR) were over 0.95 times the value of SECV for fresh samples and over 8 times the value of SECV for dry samples. Scatter correction (SNV and Detrend) in general improved prediction accuracy. It is concluded more precise on dried and ground samples, it can be used with an acceptable error level and less time and labour, on fresh samples.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2018

본 시험은 논, 밭, 과원(비농경지 포함)에서 주로 발생하는 잡초의 생체중과 건물중을 비교하여 무처리 최소 총 발생량의 생체중에 대한 기초 자료를 확립하고자 10개 지역에서 시험을 수행하였다. 논 포장의 일년생잡초인 피의 건물률 평균은 14.8%, 일년생잡초(피 포함) 건물률 평균은 12.5%, 다년생잡초 건물률 평균은 13.9%로 나타났다. 밭 포장의 일년생잡초의 건물률 평균은 20.1%로 나타났으며, 과원(비농경지 포함)포장 내 일년생 및 다년생잡초 총계의 평균은 18.4%로 나타났다. 이에 따라, 생체중에 대한 무처리 최소 총발생량은 논 포장에서는 피 $210g\;m^{-2}$, 일년생잡초(피 포함) $400g\;m^{-2}$, 다년생잡초 $220g\;m^{-2}$로 제시할 수 있다. 또한, 밭 포장에서는 일년생잡초 $250g\;m^{-2}$, 과원(비농경지 포함) 포장에서는 일년생 및 다년생잡초 총계 $550g\;m^{-2}$으로 제시할 수 있다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.376-380
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• 2003

In order to examine the possibility that oil seed rape could be used as a forage fodder crop and to select the most suitable variety of forage rape at the southern area of Korea, two varieties of oil seed rape currently grown for oil production and six introduced varieties of forage rape with relatively high yield and high nutritional value were grown at the same condition their and yield components were observed. Forage rape was superior to oil seed rape in terms of yield components, plant fresh weight and plant dry mater weight. Velox was superior to any other variety of forage rape in these characters. When plant dry matter weight of the rape was subdivided into four components such as a main stem, branch stems, main stem leaves and branch leaves, contribution of these components to plant dry matter weight was in the order of branch stems, branch leaves, the main stem and main stem leaves. Dry matter percentage of the rape ranged from 9.32 to 11.08 percent, which was somewhat low value. There was no significant difference between two groups of the rape in terms of dry matter percentage. Velox showed somewhat higher value in dry matter percentage.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 1988

본(本) 연구(研究)는 광도(光度)와 식재밀도(植栽密度)를 달리하여 이식(移植)한 잣나무 묘목(苗木)의 시기별(時期別) 생장(生長)에 대(對)한 침엽(針葉)의 중량생장(重量生長)을 조사(調査) 분석(分析)한 것으로 기(其) 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1) 묘목(苗木)의 침엽(針葉) 생장(生長)에 있어 생중량(生重量) 급(及) 건중량(乾重量) 생장(生長)은 상대광도(相對光度)가 높아 질 수록, 그리고 식재밀도(植栽密度)가 낮아 질 수록 점차(漸次) 증가(增加) 하였으며 시기별(時期別) 생장(生長)에 있어서는 5월(月)~6월(月)의 시기(時期)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 2) 침엽(針葉)의 생중량(生重量)과 건중량(乾重量) 생장(生長)에 상대광도(相對光度) 급(及) 식재밀도(植栽密度) 그리고 시기별(時期別) 생장(生長)이 미치는 영향(影響)은 각각(各各) 기여율(寄與率) 1.9%와 5.1%, 3.6%와 3.2%, 그리고 83.7%와 75.6%로 각기(各己) 작용(作用) 되었다. 3) 침엽(針葉)의 생중량(生重量)과 건중량(乾重量) 생장(生長)에 있어 피음(被陰), 식재밀도(植栽密度) 그리고 생장시기(生長時期) 등(等)의 3개(個) 요인(要因)은 상호간(相互間) 모두가 유의적(有意的) 이었다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.244-250
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• 2019

엽상형 해조류의 간접적인 건중량 추정을 위해 구멍갈파래(Ulva australis), 잎파래(Ulva linza), 개도박(Pachymeniopsis lanceolata), 방사무늬김(Pyropia yezoensis)의 형태적 특성과 생체량의 관계를 분석하였다. 시료는 2017년 2월부터 2018년 12월 까지 남해안 6곳에서 채집되었으며, 총 319개체가 분석에 사용되었다. 엽상형 해조류 네 종의 길이와 생체량에 대한 상대성장 지수는 0.28로 일반적인 1/4 (0.25) 지수법칙에 해당하였다. 네 종의 엽체의 표면적과 습중량은 각각 건중량과 유의한 선형관계를 보였으며, 건중량의 94 ~ 99%를 설명할 수 있었다. 이 결과는 엽상형 해조류의 표면적 또는 습중량을 통해 개체의 건중량을 매우 정확하게 추정할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이 방법론은 실험실 연구에서 건중량을 직접 측정할 수 없을 때 쉽고 빠르게 활용할 수 있으며, 추가적으로 소요되는 시간과 비용을 절약할 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.1139-1146
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• 2002

Sixty crossbred Anglo-Nubian goats (growing females), 18-24 mo of age, with a mean pre-experimental live weight of $20.9{\pm}0.44kg$ were used to investigate voluntary dry matter intake (DMI) and digestibility of supplements of Leucaena leucocephala (LL) leaves to a basal diet of guinea grass. The experiment was a 3 forms of presentation: fresh, wilted and $dry{\times}4$ levels of supplementation: 10, 20, 30 and 40% of total forage allowance with LL leaves. The goats were assigned based on weight and age to one of the twelve diets in a randomized manner and each level had five animals (replicates) per diet for 56 days. The form of presentation of LL leaves had effects on dry matter (DM) and nutrient composition. DM and NDF were higher in the dry LL leaves (p<0.05). In the diets, CP increased as the level of supplementation with LL leaves increased (p<0.05). Mean CP was similar in the fresh ($14.8{\pm}3.5%$), wilted ($14.3{\pm}3.3%$) and dry forms ($13.9{\pm}3.1%$). Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) decreased linearly (p<0.05) with increase in levels of supplementation. Organic matter (OM) followed the trend of CP concentration (p<0.05). Drying was observed to reduce the availability of CP at the different levels of supplementation and subsequently this affected the NDF of the diets. DM intake of the goats on the fresh and wilted LL leaves was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in those on the dry LL leaves. DM intake of the basal diet was observed to decrease as the level of supplementation (p<0.05) increased regardless of the form of presentation of LL. Growth rate was best (p<0.05) on the fresh form followed by wilted and the least in the dry form. Growth rate decreased linearly (p<0.05) with increase in the level of supplementation in the dry form. The form of presentation and level of supplementation influenced DM, CP and OM digestibility (p<0.05). Except for NDF, the digestibility of DM, CP and OM were better (p<0.05) in the goats on fresh LL leaves compared to the wilted and dry leaves. Based on the data on DMI, growth rate and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients, the results suggest that LL leaves is best utilized when fed fresh or wilted to goats. In the dry form of presentation, the best level of supplementation without a reduction in voluntary DMI and growth rate is the 20%. In the fresh and wilted form, LL leaves could be fed up to the 40% level with improved DMI, growth rate and nutrient utilization.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2016

국내 옥수수 유전자원 중에서 분얼이 많고 생육이 우수한 계통을 이용하여 생육특성 및 건물수량을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 육성된 계통의 평균 간장은 174.7 cm, 개화소요일수는 61일, 주당분얼수는 2.3개, 착수고는 64.1 cm로 나타났다. 2. 평균 도복율은 2정도로 모든 계통에서 내도복성을 가졌다. 3. 주당 평균 이삭중은 135.9 g으로 CNUB14T-01에서 249.0 g으로 가장 높았다. 4. 공시계통의 주당 평균 생체중과 건물중은 각각 694.4 g과 183.7 g으로 나타났으며, 평균 건조 비율은 30%로 나타났다. 5. 공시계통 중에서 CNUA14T-07의 생체중과 건물중이 2367.8 g과 532.8 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다.