• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.10C
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• pp.1017-1026
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• 2005

In burst OFDM system, the frame synchronization should be performed first for the acquisition of received frame and the estimation of the correct FFT-window position. The conventional frame synchronization algorithms using design features of the preamble symbol, the repetition pattern of the OFDM symbol by pilot sub-carrier allocation rule and Cyclic Prefix(CP), has difficulty in the detection of precise frame timing because its correlation characteristics would increase and decrease gradually. Also, the algorithm based on the correlation between the reference signal and the received signal has performance degradation due to frequency offset. Therefore, we adopt a differential correlation method that is robust to frequency offset and has the clear peak value at the correct frame timing for frame synchronization. However, performance improvement is essential for differential correlation methods, since it usually shows multiple peak values due to the repetition pattern. In this paper, we propose an enhanced frame synchronization algorithm based on the differential correlation method that shows a clear single peak value by using differential correlation between samples of identical repeating pattern. We also introduce a normalization scheme which normalizes the result of differential correlation with signal power to reduce the frame timing error in the high speed mobile channel environments.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.341-349
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• 2008

In this paper the Coefficient Tracking Synchronization Algorithm is proposed for the compensation and the suitability of the fast channel fluctuation OFDM in the WAVE(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) system. The in progress of standardization WAVE process, IEEE802.11p's physical layer is considered on the coexistence of fading and Frequency offset of OFDM channel to find the system performance ability and the comparing examination which is taken on the proposed method of Coefficient Tracking Synchronization Algorithm and the performance efficiency. Through the simulation result we also can see that the proposed system improves the channel estimation ability and offers an extra efficiency if compared to the existing method.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.5A
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• pp.502-513
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• 2004

This paper proposes a symbol synchronization method in the IEEE 802.11a wireless OPDM system, which uses only signs of the in-phase and the quadrature signals in the short preamble. The short preamble is sampled with 2 tines of Nyquist sampling rate and both of the autocorrelation and the cross-relation are used in the proposed method. This method has some advantages that the ACG (Automatic Gain Control) can be processed concurrently during the short preamble and its implementation is not much complicated. The proposed symbol synchronization method is verified through simulations on frequency offset, multi-path and white Gaussian noise.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2013

본 논문은 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)기반의 LTE (Long Term Evolution)하향링크 시스템에서 PS (Primary Synchronization)신호를 이용한 잔여 시간동기 오차를 검출 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 잔여 시간동기 오차 검출 기법은 기존의 잔여 시간동기 오차 검출 기법과 달리, 수신된 PS 신호간의 상호상관 값을 이용하여 잔여 시간동기오차를 검출한다. 제안된 기법은 기존의 기법보다 낮은 복잡도를 가지며, 비슷한 성능을 보여주며 이는 컴퓨터 모의실험을 비교하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.378-383
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• 2003

The performance of a symbol timing estimator for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is analyzed. The expected value and the variance of the timing metric at the correct symbol timing are derived. The performance degradation of the timing estimator due to multipath fading and fractional timing offset is also presented.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.12B
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• pp.2025-2032
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• 2000

OFDM을 이용한 통신 시스템에서 주파수 옵셋은 부채널 간의 간섭을 유발하고, 수신 신호의 진폭과 위상을 왜곡시키며, 프레임 옵셋은 수신 신호의 위상을 변화시킨다. 본 논문에서는 2개의 첩 신호(chirp signal)를 이용하여 주파수 옵셋 추정 및 프레임 동기가 동시에 가능한 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 방안은 프레임 동기를 위하여 1개의 첩 신호를 이용하는 Hazy 방안보다 주파수 옵셋이 발생할 경우 프레임 동기 성능을 훨씬 개선하였고, 동기에 주파수 옵셋 추정도 가능하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안한 알고리즘의 성능을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.125-126
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 주파수 오차가 큰 IEEE 802.15.4 시스템에서의 프레임 동기 및 주파수 추정기법을 제안한다. 주파수 오차의 영향을 제거하기 위해 coherent 방식이 아닌 non-coherent 방식의 프레임 동기가 요구된다. 차등 신호와 절대값을 이용하여 주파수 옵셋의 영향을 완벽히 제거한 프레임 동기를 제안하였다. 그리고 주파수 옵셋 추정의 분산을 줄이기 위한 over-sampling 주기의 주파수 옵셋 검출 기법을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2000

In this paper we introduce the correlation-aided distributed sample acquisition (CDSA) scheme for fast cell search in IMT-2000 W-CDMA cellular system. The proposed scheme incorporates the state symbol correlation process into the comparison-correction based synchronization process of the original DSA scheme to enable fast acquisition even under very poor channel environment. for its realization, each mobile station (MS) has to store in its memory a set of state sample sequences. which are determined by the long-period scrambling sequences used in the system and the sampling interval of the state samples. CDSA based cell search is carried out in two stages : First, the MS first acquires the slot timing by using the primary synch code (PSC) and then identifies the igniter code which conveys the state samples of the current cell . Secondly. the MS identifies the scrambling code and frame timing by taking the comparison-correction based synchronization approach and, if the identification is not done satisfactorily within preset time. it initiates the state symbol correlation process which correlates the received symbol sequence with the pre-stored state sample sequences for a successful identification. As the state symbol SNR is relatively high. the state symbol correlation process enables reliable synchronization even in very low chip-SNR environment. Simulation results show that the proposed CDSA scheme outperforms the 3GPP 3-step approach, requiring the signal power of about 7 dB less for achieving the same acquisition time performance in low-SNR environments. Furthermore, it turns out very robust in the typical synchronization environment where large frequency offset exists.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.439-452
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• 2014

This paper suggests the method to extend service area by using the transmit offset delay in T-DMB single frequency network (SFN). In general, synchronization of the transmit time of all site can be done by using the reference clock of GPS, which dose not reflect the details geographical characteristics and transmit specifications of each site. Applying the site-specific transmit offset delay, we could extend the service area of SFN T-DMB. Applying the transmit offset delay, it is found that the signal quality in the region of weak receive field strength was improved and upto 4~8 km service area expansion was achieved by satisfying the minimum field strength ($45dB{\mu}V/m$) recommended by the Korea Communications Commission (KCC). Site-specific offset delay was calculated considering the geographic service area characteristics, distribution of electric field strength between neighboring sites and site-specific service target area. Experiments were carried out in order to analyze impact of calculated offset delay on the T-DMB SFN and also to confirm that the offset delay extends T-DMB service coverage. The experiment was done in metropolitan T-DMB service areas.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.6A
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• pp.575-585
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• 2006

In Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, timing synchronization in uplink is accomplished by an initial uplink synchronization called an initial ranging process. The Base Station's receiver synchronizes the symbol timing to specific user's symbol and the other user's symbols have some Symbol Timing Offset (STO). Linear phase shift is occurred by each user's STO in an OFDMA symbol. The Multiple Access Interference (MAI) caused by the summation of each user's linear phase shift degrades the performance of ranging code detection. In this paper, we propose an initial ranging symbol structure with common ranging code for phase shift estimation and compensation. We car estimate the average of phase shift that is generated by each user's STO and compensate this phase shift by using common ranging code. This scheme will suppress the MAI and provide better detection performance than conventional process.