• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 2003

Objective : Auricular acupuncture is a method of treatment that involves needling the ear in order to produce relief of symptoms. This concept was first developed by P.Nogier, french doctor and referred to as somatotopic representation. Many authors have commented the fact that the vagus nerve supplies the external auditory and the concha. The aim of this randomised, single blind study was to investigate whether auricular acupuncture of the ear produced changes in the pulse rate, an indicator of vagal tone. Methods: 10 healthy man volunteers were divided into normal and epinephrine stimulation group. Then each group was divided into vagus area acupuncture and control area acupuncture group again. Epinephrine stimulation group was injected by epinephrine 0.3cc twice, first. All of them were needled in either the vagus area or control area of the ear, and pulse rate changes were measured by patient monitor over 1 hour. Results : In the epinephrine stimulation group, there was significant differences in the pulse rate change between vagus area acupuncture and control area acupuncture group. After injection of epinephrine, the basal pulse rate was increased 1.3~1.4 times in the control group. However, in the vagus area acupuncture group the basal pulse rate was increased only 1.1~1.2 times.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2003

Background and Objectives : Ankyloglossia, commonly known as tongue-tie, is the result of a short, fibrous lingual frenulum or highly attached geioglossus muscle. This condition may cause sucking and swallowing problems, articulation disorders, interference with the tongue's cleansing action, increased the potential for caries, and inability to lick the lips, play a wind instrument, and 'french kiss' Treatment is surgical procedure. In the most cases, horizontal sectioning and mucosal suture(the conventional procedure) is preferred, but in some cases, the Z-plastic procedure is effective. This study is aimed to compare the result of the two procedures. Materials and Methods : Twenty tongue-tie patients underwent operation. Ten patients were treated with the Z-plastic procedure and ten patients were treated with the conventional method randomly. We checked preoperative mobile tongue length, postoperative mobile tongue length, operation time and postoperative wound states. Results : Among the 20 cases of tongue-tie, 2 cases are excepted due to pre-operative state, thus we compared 18 cases of tongue-tie patients. There is no statistically significant difference between the two procedures except in operation time. The Z-plastic procedure apparently needs a little more operating time. Conclusion : Patients treated with the Z-plastic procedures appeared to have better outcomes, but the data shows no statistical significance except in operating time. Consequently, the Z-plastic procedure is indicated in a limited amount of cases.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
• /
• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2009년도 제21회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
• /
• pp.6-13
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 인간언어공학에서의 활용을 위해 세종전자사전의 의미부류와 KorLexNoun 1.5의 상위노드 간의 사상을 목표로 전문가의 수작업에 의한 세밀한 사상 방법론(fine-grained mapping method)을 제안한다. 또한 이질적인 두 이종 자원 간의 사상에 있어 각 의미체계의 이질성으로 인해 발생하는 여러 가지 문제점을 살펴보고, 그 해결방안을 제안한다. 본 연구는 세종의미부류체계가 밝히고자 했던 한국어의 의미구조와, Prinston WordNet을 참조로 하여 KorLexNoun에 여전히 영향을 미치고 있는 영어 의미구조를 비교함으로써 공통점과 차이점을 파악할 수 있고, 이를 바탕으로 언어 독립적인 개념체계를 구축하는 데 기여할 수 있다. 또한 향후 KorLex의 용언에 기술되어 있는 문형정보와 세종 전자사전의 용언의 격틀 정보를 통합 구축하여 구문분석에서 이용할 때, 세종 의미부류와 KorLexNoun의 상위노드를 통합 구축함으로써 논항의 일반화된 선택제약규칙의 기술에서 이용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제안된 사상방법론은 향후 이종 자원의 자동 사상 연구에서도 크게 기여할 것이다. 아울러 두 이종 자원의 사상을 통해 두 의미체계가 지닌 장점을 극대화하고, 동시에 단점을 상호 보완하여 보다 완전한 언어자원으로써 구문분석이나 의미분석에서 이용될 수 있다.

• International Journal of Safety
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2006

Studies have claimed that ESE (Early Streamer Emission) air terminals offer a vastly increased zone of protection over that of traditional lightning rods (Franklin rods) by causing the emission of an upward streamer/leader: The upward streamer/leader will propagate towards the tip of the downward leader at an early stage in the attachment process.. This paper shows the results of a performance evaluation test of a particular type of the ESE air terminal (called "ElecHippo") with a simple rod tested at the Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI). The corona emission current of the ElecHippo made by Yong-Jin Enterprise Corp. has also been measured at the Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute (OSHRI). The results show that the ElecHippo meets the French standard of NFC 17-102-1995. The results also verify the ESE performance by measuring the ion emission current generated in the discharge electrode gap as a function of the capacitance and inductance of the equipped devices. Finally, we propose a new method for grounding the system to reduce the lightning damage by combining the ESE air terminal, the early discharge earth plate, the lightning strike recorder and the surge protection device.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.283-292
• /
• 2016

Objective: Acne scarring is the most common sequela after dermal inflammation caused by acne. Many methods are currently used to treat acne scarring; doctors using traditional Korean medicine have also attempted to treat acne scarring in a new way that was developed from traditional methods. This study examines the effectiveness of re-cell therapy.Method: Eleven patients with various types of acne scars were treated by re-cell therapy. We used the global acne scarring classification (GASC) and ECCA (from the French “echelle d’evaluation clinique des cicatrices d’acne”), both of which are generally used to measure and grade the degree of acne scarring.Results: As a result of the treatment, the conditions of all patients were conspicuously improved in both scales. The GASC scores of the patients changed from grade 19.6±10.4 to grade 4.9±3.3 (p=0.001), and the ECCA scores changed from grade 120.9±28.7 to grade 41.8±18.3.Conclusion: Re-cell therapy showed effectiveness in treating acne scarring and could be applied in clinical cases.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제18권12호
• /
• pp.55-66
• /
• 2020

Purpose: For bakery retailers that want to enter the Chinese market, this study seeks to draw implications through the analysis of Paris Baguette, Paul Bakery and local competitors. In particular, the study analyzes entry strategies, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the companies. Research design, data and methodology: This study analyzed the Chinese bakery industry and overviewed the policy of bakery industry. The research method utilized Chinese Statistical Yearbook of Food Industry and literature related to Chinese bakery industry. Additionally, this study used case analysis methods for foreign and local bakery enterprises in the bakery industry. Results: During the rapid growth of bakery industry, Paris Baguette made a successful settlement by utilizing localization strategy; while on the contrary, Paul Bakery took a standardization strategy and failed in the Chinese market. Conclusions: Paris Baguette succeeded in launching localized products after thoroughly analyzing products that suit local tastes in China. However, Paul Bakery has been knocked out of the Chinese market for failing to capture the taste of the Chinese people by launching standardized products that reproduce French culture and taste. As such, the Chinese market is huge and differences exist in different provinces, so standardization and localization strategies should be appropriately utilized.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.421-435
• /
• 2022

The necessity of estimating the time and cost required for tunnel construction has led to extensive research in this regard. Since geological conditions are significant factors in terms of time and cost of road tunnels, considering these conditions is crucial. Uncertainties about the geological conditions of a tunnel alignment cause difficulties in planning ahead of the required construction time and costs. In this paper, the continuous-space, discrete-state Markov process has been used to predict geological conditions. The Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation (MCS) method is employed to estimate the construction time and costs of a road tunnel project using the input data obtained from six tunneling expert questionnaires. In the first case, the input data obtained from each expert are individually considered and in the second case, they are simultaneously considered. Finally, a comparison of these two modes based on the technique presented in this article suggests considering views of several experts simultaneously to reduce uncertainties and ensure the results obtained for geological conditions and the construction time and costs.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권12호
• /
• pp.4751-4758
• /
• 2022

Two-phase flow may almost exist in every branch of the energy industry. For the corresponding engineering design, it is very essential and crucial to monitor flow patterns and their transitions accurately. With the high-speed development and success of deep learning based on convolutional neural network (CNN), the study of flow pattern identification recently almost focused on this methodology. Additionally, the photographing technique has attractive implementation features as well, since it is normally considerably less expensive than other techniques. The development of such a two-phase flow pattern online monitoring system is the objective of this work, which seldom studied before. The ongoing preliminary engineering design (including hardware and software) of the system are introduced. The flow pattern identification method based on CNNs and transfer learning was discussed in detail. Several potential CNN candidates such as ALexNet, VggNet16 and ResNets were introduced and compared with each other based on a flow pattern dataset. According to the results, ResNet50 is the most promising CNN network for the system owing to its high precision, fast classification and strong robustness. This work can be a reference for the online monitoring system design in the energy system.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.326-333
• /
• 2023

연구목적: 지난 10년간 말리 내전이 어떻게 진행되었는지 분석해봄으로써 사헬 지대 내 테러집단의 활동 양상을 예측해보고 시사점을 도출해보고자 한다. 연구방법:기존 사헬 지대와 테러 양상에 대한 연구와 더불어 프랑스어권 언론을 통해 진행 경과를 파악했다. 연구결과: 민족 갈등의 심화, 이슬람 극단주의의 확산 그리고 군사 쿠데타의 지속성 등 복합적인 요인으로 인해 말리는 내전이 지속되고 있음을 알수 있다. 결론: 프랑스의 철수와 러시아의 개입 등 국제사회의 영향력이 약화되고 있는 현 상황에서 말리 내전이 장기화될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.475-486
• /
• 2023

Ballast particles have an irregular shape and are discrete in nature. Due to the discrete nature of ballast, it exhibits complex mechanical behaviour under loading conditions. The discrete element method (DEM) can model the behaviour of discrete particles under a multitude of loading conditions. DEM is used in this paper to simulate a series of three-dimensional direct shear tests in order to investigate the shear behaviour of railway ballast and its interaction at the microscopic level. Particle flow code in three dimension (PFC3D) models the irregular shape of ballast particles as clump particles. To investigate the influence of particle size distribution (PSD), real PSD of Indian railway ballast specification IRS:GE:1:2004, China high-speed rail (HSR) and French rail specifications are generated. PFC3D built-in linear contact model is used to simulate the interaction of ballast particles under various normal stresses, shearing rate and shear box sizes. The results indicate how shear resistance and volumetric changes in ballast assembly are affected by normal stress, shearing rate, PSD and shear box size. In addition to macroscopic behaviour, DEM represents the microscopic behaviour of ballast particles in the form of particle displacement at different stages of the shearing process.