• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.869-870
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• 2010

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2009

The wheelset, its functions and position under the train is the prime safety-critical component. Whether in design, qualification, manufacturing or maintenance, the wheels and axles have been the focus of special attention at SNCF for over 25 years and the French Railways are actively involved in various Research and Development work towards interoperability between the railways, railway reliability and running safety.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2001

The seoul Metropolitan Government has announced a program of the realization of a Korean garden named 'Seoul Park' in Paris 'Jardin d'Acclimatation' in June, 2000. The program for 'Seoul Park' in Paris has double objectives which aims celebrating the 10th anniversary of the establishment of sisterhood relationship between Seoul and paris and to promote the mutual cooperation and the amity between the two metropolitan cities. The purpose of this study is focusing on the issues on the setting procedure of characteristics of the 'Seoul Park', type of the Park, and design realization of expression of Korean identity, and the cultural consolidation between parks in Korean and French. The Seoul Park will be constructed on the shore of a lake of the Jardin d'Acclimatation, and the size of the area is 4,675㎡. In July, a design competition for the preparation of a schematic plan of the Seoul Park was held in Seoul. In this competition, the author won with a scheme which proposed a Korean Garden as expression of "between" two cultures which is fitted into the French environment. Although, the Seoul Park in Paris is a small Korean garden, its significance would be emphasized in terms of that it represents the adaptation of a Korean culture to the French territory. Throughout the winning entry, we could recognized hat the author defines Korean garden as 'time device', and 'Seoul Park' as 'Situation' which is the consolidation of the cultures between korea and France. And also the author pursued Korean garden as a net type of 'sequence of the event'. In this paper, we have discussed the concept and the schematic plan of the winning entry. focusing on following issues: Definition of the garden; Form of the garden; Expression of Korean garden; Representation of the reconciliation between two environments. Since many parts of the garden are under designing, and the discussion on the resetting of the existing trees in the garden is in progress, more specific investigation will be done in the next thesis.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2015

The change towards meeting diverse customer needs has started to affect the hotel industry as well. Design hotels emerged as customers demanded differentiated lodging experiences they could not fulfill at franchise hotels which were uniform in style everywhere in the world. Design hotels are meant to provide a new concept of space through unique design sensibility and work of designers, which highlighted the role of interior design. This research analyzes the characteristics of indoor space expressed in design hotel common spaces by the French designer Andree Putman, also known as the founder of boutique hotels and the concept of design hotels. As the original founder of the concept of design hotels, Putman's scope of work stretches wide, from interior design to product design. She is also one of the few French designers with a modernist inclination. The research runs a review on previous literature, characteristics of design hotels according to design tendency, and the association with characteristics of indoor space designed by Andree Putman, followed by case analyses extracted by analyses on design characteristics of common spaces she has designed. The analysis reveals that she creates comfortable yet elegant space, using contrast and fusion arising from negotiation of design styles to interpret space, the sense of spatial balance and understated expression of order through symmetrical structures, diverse creation of space through geometric structuring, highlighting indoor space by utilizing lights as objects, and the heterogeneous harmony achieved by contrasting juxtaposition, and understated formativeness. It is expected that study results would be utilized as methods of new designs of interior space in design hotels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.8
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• pp.157-172
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• 2016

This study aims to present findings of historical design trends of men's fashion, and the characteristics of changes in the types of overcoats and mid jackets shown in French pattern books of the 19th century. The primary data sources for this study comprised one pattern book, each of the17th and 18th century, and 15 pattern books of the 19th century, all of which are conserved by the French National Library. The study methods are as follows: First, analysis of men's fashion trends and the characteristics of changes by type as shown in French pattern books of the 17th to 19th centuries. Second, analysis of the evolution of type of men's overcoats and top-exterior- and-interior (outside) styles shown in French pattern books of the 19th century. As a result, a total of 69 type references were collected from French pattern books of the 17th to 19th centuries. Historically, men's fashion was largely classified into top-exterior, top-exterior-and-interior, top-interior, bottoms and accessories. The two major classifications were as follows: top-exteriors overcoats and robes, And top-exterior-and-interior as top-exterior-and-interior(outside) and top-exterior-and-interior (inside). The study also identified the forms and changes by type. Additionally, this study selected overcoats and top-exterior-and-interior(outside) which fall under typical categories to show the change in the forms of men's fashion of the 19th century. These changes in the types were designated as: continued, faded away, newly appeared and transformed. This study analyzed the time of appearance of the forms by the year of publishing in conjunction with cultural references from previous domestic and international studies. The results showed that the time of changes in the types shown in pattern books did not deviate from the mainstream, which verified their typicality.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine whether the change of settlement procedures have an impact on the distribution of day of the week effect in the UK and French markets or not. U.K and France changed their systems from fixed settlement date systems to fixed settlement lag systems Design/methodology/approach - This study adopted the data of the specific stock market indices such as FTSE 100 in the U.K market and FRCAC 40 in the French market, This study constructs a test of the differences in mean returns across the days of the week by computing the regression equations for each country index. Findings - First, this study found that the evolving settlement procedures in stock exchanges have an effect on stock return of day of the week. Second, long-run improvements in market efficiency may have diminished the effects of certain anomalies in recent periods. Improvements in market efficiency and evolving settlement systems may cause the disappearance of the weekend effect. Research implications or Originality - The Implication of this study is that recent settlement systems contributed to the disappearance of the weekend effect and explains improvements in market efficiency and diminishments of market anomaly. This study may be the first study which examines whether evolving settlement systems have an effect on the disappearance of the weekend effect in the market or not.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.489-502
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• 2023

This article presents the crucial role played by the French underground research laboratory (URL) in initiating the deep geological repository project Cigéo. In January 2023, Andra finalized the license application for the initial construction of Cigéo. Depending on Government's decision, the construction of Cigéo may be authorized around 2027. Cigéo is the result of a National program, launched in 1991, aiming to safely manage high-level and intermediate level long-lived radioactive wastes. This National program is based on four principles: 1) excellent science and technical knowledge, 2) safety and security as primary goals for waste management, 3) high requirements for environment protection, 4) transparent and open-public exchanges preceding the democratic decisions and orientations by the Parliament. The research and development (R&D) activities carried out in the URL supported the design and the safety demonstration of the Cigéo project. Moreover, running the URL has provided an opportunity to gain practical experience with regard to the security of underground operations, assessment of environmental impacts, and involvement of the public in the preparation of decisions. The practices implemented have helped gradually build confidence in the Cigéo project.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.341-346
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• 2001

This paper presents a concept design of detail design software for high speed catenary system. In this software, M.D.(mounting diagram) can be peformed and parts D/B can be also managed. french one, used in Kyung-bu high-speed line, is not good at user's interface, and the source code is not opened. So, it is impossible to use it in the different environment and catenary system. Through this program, automation of detail design and user's convenience can be derived.

• CELLMED
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3.1-3.4
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• 2020

Spirituality is the dynamic and inherent dimension of humanity. This study aimsto evaluate the relationship between Spiritual Health, Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation among French Emerging Adults. An online cross-sectional survey design consisted of four hundred and twenty-one samples were recruited from different universities at Strasbourg, France. Participant's age ranged from 18 to 28 years with a mean age of 20.77 years (SD=2.22). The results, highlights that Spiritual Health Measure was significant and positive association with Mindfulness (r=.45, p < .01) and Reappraisal (r=.22, p < .01). Further, the significant negative correlation observed with Spiritual Dissonance (r=.44, p < .01) and Suppression (r=.24, p < .01). These findings support emerging literature on Spiritual Health. Future studies should evolve an intervention model to promote Spiritual Health and Positive Health.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.243-252
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• 2003

The study was designed to review the changes in designs and the manufacturing methods of french hood, one of the headdresses which play an important role in showing the appearance of costume, to understand design expression techniques through manufacturing of the head dress of the western costumes, and to provide materials to exert creativity for new designs. Based on literature review and portrait study, 1 manufactured a frenchhood. I set the study cope as from the late 15 century when frenchhood was used for the first time, to the mid 16 century. For the frenchhood selected, 1 examined the hair style, the characteristics of the french hood, and the pattern first, and proceeded to manufacturing. 1 used velvet and silk for the textile as explained in the literature. And, 1 purchased such similar ornaments as shown in the pictures, making the color so similar to the original to the most. Dimensions in manufacturing were those In the literature, since the study is focusing on the reproduction of the features of the portraits. Dimensions of detailed decoration were measured using the ratio of the headdress in the portraits.