• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.1422-1426
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 일반아동과 자폐아동 모발의 무기질, 유해 중금속 함량, 혈액의 자유라디칼 및 세로토닌 함량을 측정함으로써 일반아동에 대한 자폐아동의 특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 실험그룹은 $3{\sim}9$세 사이의 50명의 아동을 일반아동(22명) 및 어린이 정신과 의사에 의해 판정된 자폐아동(28명)의 두 그룹으로 나누었다. 일반아동과 자폐아동 간의 나이, 신장, 체중 및 식이섭취량은 두 군간 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 모발 중 다량미네랄 함량을 측정한 결과 Ca, Mg, P 및 S는 일반아동이 자폐아동보다 다소 높게 나타났으며, Na 및 K는 자폐아동에서 일반아동에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 또한, 모발 중 미량미네랄 함량을 측정한 결과에서는 Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr 및 Se는 일반아동이 자폐아동보다 높게 나타났으며, 특히, Cu, Zn, Fe의 경우 두 그룹 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. Mn, B, Co 및 Mo는 두 그룹 간에 차이가 없었다. Al의 경우에는 자폐아동에서 더 높은 것을 관찰할 수 있었으나 유의적인 수준은 아니었다. 일반아동 및 자폐아동의 모발 중 유해중금속 함량을 측정한 결과 As, Hg 및 Be의 경우에는 두 그룹 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 Cd와 Pb는 일반아동에 비해 자폐아동에서 유의하게 높은 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 혈액 내 자유라디칼 함량은 자폐아동이 일반아동에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 세로토닌 함량은 일반아동과 자폐아동 간의 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과 본 연구에서는 식이섭취량을 단 하루만을 조사하였으나 향후에는 조사기간을 더 늘리고 식품섭취유형과 패턴 및 식행동 장애 분석 등 좀 더 다양하고 깊이 있는 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. 또한 자폐아동은 일반아동에 비해 모발의 일부 미네랄 함량은 감소, 중금속 함량의 증가 및 자유라디칼 생성이 증가함으로써 자폐아동의 행동 및 발달장애에 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 향후 연구에서는 자폐아동에게 부족한 영양소의 보충 및 중금속 해독 영양소를 섭취함으로써 자폐아동의 행동 및 발달장애의 개선 기능에 대한 연구가 시행되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.307-316
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to investigate nutritional status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and to find out the differences according to the stages of disease. From March to October, 2006, 41 stable male patients of mild to severe COPD patients were recruited from Seoul National University hospital. The patients' of body weight and fat free mass were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The nutritional status of the patients was also assessed by 3-day recall, index of nutritional quality (INQ), dietary diversity score (DDS), dietary variety score (DVS), food group index pattern and dietary quality index (DQI). The total of 41 patients were classified into three groups, stage I, stage II and stage III groups according to the classification of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) standard. The mean age of the patients in each stage were 67.2-66.9 years showing no significant difference. The ratio of $FEV_1$/FVC were $57.5{\pm}7.3$, $46.9{\pm}7.6$ and $38.2{\pm}6.8%$, respectively showing significant differences according to the stages of disease. The fat free mass of the stage II ($48.2{\pm}4.7kg$) and III ($47.3{\pm}4.5kg$) was significantly lower than that of stage I ($53.1{\pm}6.9kg$) patients. There were significant correlation of fat free mass with $FEV_{1}$, and BMI (body mass index) with $FEV_{1}$/FVC ratio (p < 0.05). COPD patients showed the diet-related clinical symptoms of anorexia, dyspnea, dyspepsia, and chewing difficulty. Daily intakes of calorie, K, vitamin $B_2$ and folate of the patients were very low ($83.8{\pm}20.7%$, $58.9{\pm}14.4%$, $70.7{\pm}19.6%$ and $74.4{\pm}10.2%$, respectively) however, they did not significantly different according to the stages of disease. Daily intake of calcium was significantly lower in the stage III patients (p < 0.05). The mean scores of dietary variety score was significantly lower in the stage III patients (p < 0.001). Dietary quality index of the patients were not different among the stages of disease and the scores indicated poor quality of diet. As a summary, we found that body fat free mass, regularity of exercise, frequency of having snacks and dietary variety score were significantly associated with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2024

Objective: To develop and evaluate a deep learning model for automated segmentation and detection of bone metastasis on spinal MRI. Materials and Methods: We included whole spine MRI scans of adult patients with bone metastasis: 662 MRI series from 302 patients (63.5 ± 11.5 years; male:female, 151:151) from three study centers obtained between January 2015 and August 2021 for training and internal testing (random split into 536 and 126 series, respectively) and 49 MRI series from 20 patients (65.9 ± 11.5 years; male:female, 11:9) from another center obtained between January 2018 and August 2020 for external testing. Three sagittal MRI sequences, including non-contrast T1-weighted image (T1), contrast-enhanced T1-weighted Dixon fat-only image (FO), and contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted image (CE), were used. Seven models trained using the 2D and 3D U-Nets were developed with different combinations (T1, FO, CE, T1 + FO, T1 + CE, FO + CE, and T1 + FO + CE). The segmentation performance was evaluated using Dice coefficient, pixel-wise recall, and pixel-wise precision. The detection performance was analyzed using per-lesion sensitivity and a free-response receiver operating characteristic curve. The performance of the model was compared with that of five radiologists using the external test set. Results: The 2D U-Net T1 + CE model exhibited superior segmentation performance in the external test compared to the other models, with a Dice coefficient of 0.699 and pixel-wise recall of 0.653. The T1 + CE model achieved per-lesion sensitivities of 0.828 (497/600) and 0.857 (150/175) for metastases in the internal and external tests, respectively. The radiologists demonstrated a mean per-lesion sensitivity of 0.746 and a mean per-lesion positive predictive value of 0.701 in the external test. Conclusion: The deep learning models proposed for automated segmentation and detection of bone metastases on spinal MRI demonstrated high diagnostic performance.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2014

전통적인 바와 클립 유지형 피개의치의 경우, 인상채득 및 기공과정에서 오차가 생길 수 있어 바가 nonpassive fit하게 제작될 수 있다. 최근에 나온 기성품 바 어태치먼트 시스템인 SFI-Bar (Stress Free on Implant Bar) system (Cendres+Metaux, Biel/Bienne, Switzerland)은 튜브바로 연결하여 조립하는 방식이므로 밀링방식이나 캐스팅방식에서 겪을 수 있는 작업상의 많은 어려움과 긴 작업 시간의 단점을 보완 할 수 있고, 임플란트 주위골에 가해지는 스트레스도 줄여줄 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 골흡수가 심한 상악 무치악 환자에게 최근에 나온 stress free implant bar인 SFI-Bar system을 사용한 피개 의치로 수복하였다. SFI Bar를 이용한 피개의치 제작시 수동적 적합을 얻을 수 있어 임플란트에 스트레스를 덜 가하는 장점을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. 추후 정기적인 검사를 통해 장기적인 결과에 대한 평가가 필요하리라 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.515-521
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diet of children under the government-funded meal support program. The 143 children (67 boys and 76 girls) participated in this study among $4^{th}-6^{th}$ elementary school students receiving free lunches during the summer vacation of 2007 and living in Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea. The subjects consisted of four groups supported by Meal Box Delivery (n = 26), Institutional Foodservice (n = 53), Restaurant Foodservice (n = 27), or Food Delivery (n = 37). A three-day 24-hour dietary recall and a self-administered survey were conducted. In addition, the children's heights and weights were measured. The average energy intake of the children was 1,400 kcal per day, much lower than the Estimated Energy Requirements of the pertinent age groups. The results also showed inadequate intake of all examined nutrients; of particular concern was the extremely low intake of calcium. On average, the children consumed eight dishes and 25 food items per day. The children supported by Meal Box Delivery consumed more various dishes and food items than the other groups. The percentage of children preferring their current meal support method was the highest in those supported by Meal Box Delivery and the lowest in those supported by Food Delivery. We requested 15 children among the 143 children participating in the survey to draw the scene of their lunch time. The drawings of the children supported by Institutional Foodservice showed more positive scenes than the other groups, especially in terms of human aspects. In conclusion, the overall diet of children under the government-funded meal support program was nutritionally inadequate, although the magnitude of the problems tended to differ by the meal support method. The results could be utilized as basic data for policy and programs regarding the government-funded meal support program for children from low-income families.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2010

본 연구는 스폰서십광고와 매복광고의 커뮤니케이션 효과를 살펴보기 위해 월드컵 캠페인 기간 이동통신사의 TV광고를 비교하였다. 커뮤니케이션 효과를 검증하기 위해 KTF와 SKT의 2006년 광고에 대해 실증연구를 실행하였다. 연구결과 스폰서십광고와 매복광고에 대한 광고태도에는 차이가 없었고, 브랜드 태도에서는 매복광고가 높게 나타났다. 자유회상에서는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 매복광고에 대해 스폰서십 여부에 대한 오인지율이 더 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 스폰서십광고와 매복광고는 장기적인 관점에서 커뮤니케이션 전략을 유지하여 실행되어져야 한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 스포츠 이벤트에 있어서 기업의 커뮤니케이션 전략이 캠페인을 중심으로 실행되어져함을 의미한다. 본 연구의 결과가 스폰서십 이론의 발전에 기여하고, 광고전문가들에게 캠페인 전략에 대한 실무적 함의를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2008

The reason that we are familiar with fashion from the 1950s is because of the work such as New Look done by a french fashion designer, Christian Dior who had taken on an almost mythical significance by his name. Moreover, in the sense of popularity, the appearance of Marilyn Monroe and Audrey Hepburn, two typical Hollywood actresses who each has directly-opposed image, is the symbol of youthful America of the 1950s and represents the remarkable start of the American fashion. Still, these days designers and mass medias recall the fashion from the 50s remaking and parodying it to suit public's taste. Being due to the World War II, Europe suffered not only the loss of its national tradition and reputation but also got a fatal blow politically and economically. On the other hand, the United States of America occupied a primary position in the world and outstandingly became the most powerful country. The American fashion of the 1950s represents youth and newness and rejects outdated and outmoded style. In this period, appears the indication which announces previously the youth culture. Poodle skirt is the fashion item that acquired popularity among young american women and girls in the late 1950s. In effect, it is the fashion as American as apple pie. A costly A-line skirt had been transformed into a cheap felt skirt. Instead of a real poodle dog which was carried by French women like an accessory, they embroidered a poodle dog on the lower edge of their skirt. As deriding the snobbish gait, they swayed themselves frantically to the rhythm of Rock n' Roll which swept those days. This was an attitude of young Americans against the existing trend of Europe. Poodle skirt showed the free spirit and intention of young people unbound to custom and established vogue. In addition, in the aspect of comprising the American spirit of independent, pioneer, and subjective American people, it goes beyond the bounds of common concept of fad. Poodle skirt is an unique symbol of the 1950s' American fashion which prognosticates the advent of the United States and the success in modern fashion world which was changing after 1950s.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.168-177
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• 1998

It has been reported that cigarette smoking increases free radical generation, which can also increase lipid peroxides and deplete antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cigarette smoking and other lifestyle choices may affect serum lipid peroxide concentrations, serum antioxidant concentrations such as tocopherol and vitamin C, and serum antioxidant enzyme activity such as glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Dietary intakes were assessed by 24-hour recall and survey questionnaires from 48 male non-smokers and 52 male smokers. Overnight fasting blood was collected and measured for individual antioxidant status. The daily vitamin C intakes of smokers tended to be lower than those of non-smokers, and the intakes of both groups were under the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA). Vitamin E intake was sufficient for smokers and non-smokers. Serum lipid peroxide concentrations were no difference among all subjects. The serum $\alpha$-tocopherol concentrations of all subjects were in a normal range, and they were highest in mild smokers (p<0.05). Mean serum vitamin C levels were lowest in heavy smokers (p<0.05). The activities of serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were not significantly different in smokes and non-smokers. In conclusion, smoking did not increase oxidative stress in heathy young men. However, it is desirable for heavy smokers to consume more vitamin C than the RDA sine their serum vitamin C concentrations are relatively low.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2007

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one the most common prostate diseases in middle aged and elderly men. This study was conducted to investigate diet and lifestyle risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community-dwelling free-living population group. The dietary data were collected from the 601 male subjects aged 50-79 years using the 24-hour recall method. The mean age of the BPH group ($63.0{\pm}7.9$ years) was significantly higher than that of the non-BPH ($58.8{\pm}7.4$ years). Among many nutrients, the amount of animal fat intake was increased while that of carbohydrate intake decreased in subjects with BPH compared to those with non-BPH. In BPH subjects, the proportion of energy from fat was also greater than in subjects with non-BPH. The logistic regression analysis on the food consumption data showed that the consumption of total animal food was increased while that of mushrooms was decreased in patients with BPH compared to the subjects with non-BPH. The age-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidences limits for BPH incidence in subjects whose milk and milk products, beverages and alcoholic liquors intake was greater than the median were 1.796 (1.167-2.782) and 1.738 (1.129-2.676) respectively, compared to those in subjects whose intakes were below the median. These results may be applicable in the development of a nutrition intervention and education program toward a reduction in the risk for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of elderly women living in residential homes by estimating nutrients and food intakes. Food consumption survey was conducted by 3-day 24hr recall method with 99 elderly women aged 65 to 90 years from three residential homes in Seoul, Choonchun and Chunan and 46 free-living elderly women aged 65 to 88 years from Chunan as control group. Food intake data was converted into nutrient intake using computer aided nutritional analysis program. Mean energy intake and percentage of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of residential home residents were 1696㎉ and 101% of RDA while those of control were estimated as 1939㎉ and 119% of RDA. On average, absolute amount of nutrient intakes of residential home residents were slightly higher than control group. Subjects in control group showed significantly lower carbohydrate and vitamin A intake, while vitamin C intake was higher. However, nutrient intake quality determined by INQ (Index of nutritional quality) was significantly higher among control subjects in most nutrients except vitamin A than residential home residents. Intakes of calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin of all subjects in this study were less than 75% RDA meaning that nutritional status of calcium, vitamin A and riboflavin was insufficient and could possibly result in nutritional deficient. Some food groups such as milk or other dairy products must be strongly suggested to improve nutritional status of elderly women in this study. According to the results of this study, meal plans of residential homes are quite adequate in quantity of micronutrients, but need to be improved in both quantity and quality of micronutrients.