• BMB Reports
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2001

The cDNA encoding ribosomal protein was identified from a cDNA library of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The nucleotide sequence of the 548 by cDNA clone reveals an open reading frame, which encodes a putative protein of 166 amino acids with a molecular mass of 18.3 kDa. The amino acid sequence of the S. pombe L11 protein is highly homologous with those of rat and fruit, while it is clearly less similar to those of prokaryotic counterparts. The 1,044 by upstream sequence, and the region encoding N-terminal 7 amino acids of the genomic DNA were fused into the promoterless $\beta$-galactosidase gene of the shuttle vector YEp357 in order to generate the fusion plasmid pHY L11. Synthesis of $\beta$-galactosidase from the fusion plasmid varied according to the growth curve. It decreased significantly in the growth-arrested yeast cells that were treated with aluminum chloride and mercuric chloride. However, it was enhanced by treatments with cadmium chloride ($2.5\;{\mu}M$), zinc chloride ($2.5\;{\mu}M$), and hydrogen peroxide (0.5 mM). This indicates that the expression of the L,11 gene could be induced by oxidative stress.

• Composites Research
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2010

본 논문은 철도차량 경량화 재질로 적용된 유리섬유/에폭시 4-매 주자직 적층 복합재료의 인장-압축 피로특성을 평가하였다. 유리섬유/에폭시 4-매 주자직 적층 복합재료의 인장-압축 피로시험은 경사, 위사 그리고 ${\pm}45^{\circ}$ 방향으로 적층된 시험편에 대하여 수행하였다. 인장-압축 피로시험은 5Hz의 주파수를 갖으며, 응력비(R)는 -1로 수행하였다. 인장-압축 피로시험 수행 시 압축하중에 의한 시험편의 좌굴을 방지하기 위하여 좌굴방지지그를 설계하고 이를 시험에 적용하였다. 또한, Goodman 선도는 유리섬유/에폭시 4-매 주자직 적층 복합재의 피로특성과 수명을 평가하기 위해 사용하였다. 유리섬유/에폭시 4-매 주자직 적층 복합재료의 인장-압축 피로시험결과 경사방향 적층 복합재의 피로특성이 기존 금속재 대차에 적용되는 SM490에 비하여 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2013

In recent years, the construction of high-rise buildings are promoted. According to these, there are many needs about new technologies to strengthen the building performance and high-strength steel is regarded as one of these for promoting building performance. In Korea, high-strength steels which stress are over 600MPa are on market and in aborad, super high-strength steels over 1000MPa are developing and they expected to promote the building performance. But there are still doubts about applying high-strength steel members because of size effect and worry of brittle fracture. In this reports, we propose results of performance and analysis tests for use with general steel. We propose the characteristic of high-strength steels first and next the results of performance test to show they satisfy the performance that designers expect. And last, we compare the results of test and analysis for acquire the alanysis reliability in non-linear analysis with high-strength steels.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2005

In contemporary advertising market, one of main trends is to speak surrealistic visual language which provides 'enjoyable spectacles'. Specially, in the beginning of 21st century, there discovered more and more exhibitions and discourses about surrealism reinterpreted from the viewpoint of postmodernism. Surrealism as a creative style of expression based upon free association, has been a great inspiration for fashion ads for commercial communication as well as fashion design since its origin. However, there has been ignored the idea of analyzing surrealistic image expressed in fashion ads in spite of their flood. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to grasp its cultural meaning through analyzing aesthetic characteristics of surrealistic image expressed in fashion ads. It will provide a better understanding of surrealistic image in fashion ads reflecting popular taste and preference directly as popular visual culture, focusing on post modern context. A case study of surrealistic fashion ads limits to TV or print commercials and digital ads as image ads stimulating visual expressions. The Results can be summarized as follows. Surrealism is an avant garde style which deconstructs the established meaning system as well as the existing formalistic order and then put them together in the frame of 'dream' and 'unconsciousness'. Defamiliarization questioning the whole edifice of representation can be adapted to. By means of paradox and metaphor, unfamiliar new visual world can be represented. The plastic characteristics of surrealistic image in fashion ads are founded as surrealistic styling of time and space, distortion of object by methods of automatism, depaysement, parody and trompe-l'oeil which bring about the deconstruction of gestalt. Aesthetic values of surrealistic fashion ads appear as dualistic representation, allegoric symbolism, fantastic romanticism. Ultimately they lead to marvelous. mysterious, humorous visual effects. Foster reinterpreted these effects of surrealism from Freud's 'Uncanny Concept'. 'Uncanny' means the phenomenon recurring to familiar being defamiliarized by repression. Surrealistic fashion ads strengthen this shocking effect more and more dramatically in company with our post modern needs for fantastic adventure and thrilling spectacle. It can be thought that surrealistic fashion ads reflects uncanny as an alternative which can relieve us of our stress and anxiety and which realize our potential desire in contemporary post industrial stage.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to experimentally investigate the structural safety of and identify critical locations in a front-end loader under impact loads. Methods: Impact and static tests were conducted on a commonly used front-end loader mounted on a tractor. In the impact test, the bucket of the front-end loader with maximum live load was raised to its maximum lift height and was allowed to free fall to a height of 500 mm above the ground where it was stopped abruptly. For the static test, the bucket with maximum live load was raised and held at the maximum lift height, median height, and a height of 500 mm from the ground. Strain gages were attached at twenty-three main locations on the front-end loader, and the maximum stresses and strains were measured during respective impact and static tests. Results: Stresses and strains at the same location on the loader were higher in the impact test than in the static test, for most of measurement locations. This indicated that the front-end loader was put under a severe environment during impact loading. The safety factors for stresses were higher than 1.0 at all locations during impact and static tests. Conclusions: Since the lowest safety factor was higher than 1.0, the front-end loader was considered as structurally safe under impact loads. However, caution must be exercised at the locations having relatively low safety factors because failure may occur at these locations under high impact loads. These important design locations were identified to be the bucket link elements and the connection elements between the tractor frame and front-end loader. A robust design is required for these elements because of their high failure probability caused by excessive impact stress.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2003

점진적 소성화를 고려한 공간뼈대구조의 극한강도를 평가하기 위한 비선형 유한요소 해석법을 제시한다. 유한한 회전각의 2차항 까지 고려된 개선된 변위장을 도입하여 결과적으로 축력뿐만 아니라 휨모멘트 그리고 비틂모멘트에 의한 비선형 효과를 모두 고려한다. 탄-소성 해석을 위하여 소성힌지 개념을 도입하고 비선형 해석방법으로 하중 및 변위증분법을 이용한다. 잔류응력 분포에 의거한 초기항복함수를 정의하고 축력뿐만 아니라 모멘트의 함수로 표현되는 소성영역함수를 사용하여 flow rule과 normality condition을 적용하여 탄-소성 강도매트릭스를 도출한다. 계산시간이 빠른 기존의 소성힌지 해석기법을 사용하는 동시에 소성영역의 진전효과를 효율적으로 나타내었다. 요소의 소성화 진행정도를 나타내는 파라미터를 도입하고 여러 가지 강도감소모델을 사용하여 극한해석을 수행하여 그 결과를 소성영역해석, 쉘요소를 이용한 정밀해석 그리고 실험결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 기둥에 축방향 하중을 받고 있는 강재 상자단면 접합부의 강도를 이론적 해석적 검토를 통하여 평가하였다. 2층 교각구조에서는 기둥에 작용하고 있는 축방향 하중의 영향으로 T형 접합부 강도가 저하되게 된다. 이러한 현상을 검토하기 위해 비선형 유한요소해석을 수행하였고, 실험결과와의 비교를 통하여 유한요소 해석프로그램 및 해석방법의 타당성을 검증하였다. 강재라멘교각 접합부의 설계변수 중 패널존의 폭-두께비 파라메타와 플랜지와 복부판의 단면적비 및 기둥에 작용하는 축방향 하중의 영향을 비선형 유한요소해석을 통하여 검토하였다. 또한 이 연구에서는 축방향 하중의 증가에 따른 T형 상자단면 접합부의 응력분포를 이용하여 이론적인 강도평가식을 유도하였다. 또한 1층 교각 구조의 상자단면 접합부 강도특성과 비교하였다. 결국, 패널존의 폭-두께비 파라메타와 단면적비의 영향을 고려하여 T형 접합부의 강도평가식을 제안하였다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권5호통권72호
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• pp.587-598
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 합성보의 전체 춤을 절감할 수 있도록 속 빈 프리캐스트 콘크리트 슬래브를 철골보의 춤내에 삽입하여 일체화함으로써 철골조 고층건물에서 층고를 최소화 할 수 있는 이른바 "슬림플로어"공법에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 콘크리트에 매입된 비대칭 철골보를 가지는 불완전 합성 슬림플로어 시스템의 휨 거동에 관한 것이다. 총 10개의 실대형 실험체를 철골보 춤, 속빈 프리캐스트 콘크리트 슬래브 춤, 슬래브 유효폭, 및 콘크리트 슬래브의 지지방식 별로 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 매입형 합성보의 경우, 별도의 전단연결재를 설치하지 않아도 자체가 가지고 있는 기계적 화학적 부착응력으로 인해 완전합성보에 비해서 0.48~0.98의 전단합성비를 나타내었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2014

뼈대구조물의 강절점영역을 설계하기 위해서는 휨모멘트의 작용방향에 따른 절점영역 내부의 응력변화를 정확히 예측하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 형태의 헌치를 갖는 강절점영역의 설계에 있어서 현행의 도로교설계기준이 유용한지에 대해 검토하였다. 또한 선형탄성유한요소해석을 통해 휨모멘트의 작용시의 헌치를 갖는 절점영역내부의 응력상태를 파악한 다음, 이를 바탕으로 스터럿-타이 모델을 제안하였다. 본 연구를 통해 제안한 스터럿-타이 모델은 선형탄성유한요소와 동등수준의 정확도를 가지는 것을 확인하였고, 다양한 형태의 헌치를 갖는 강절점 영역의 보강철근 설계에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.346-353
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• 2015

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones regulated through responses to stress to maintain diverse metabolic and homeostatic functions. GCs act on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor family. This study identified and characterized the GR gene from the big-belly seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis designating it HaGR. The open reading frame of the HaGR cDNA was 2,346 bp in length, encoding a 782-amino-acid polypeptide with a theoretical isoelectric point of 6.26 and predicted molecular mass of 86.8 kDa. Nuclear receptors share a common structural organization, comprising an N-terminal transactivation domain, DNA-binding domain, and C-terminal ligand-binding domain. The tissue-specific mRNA expression profile of HaGR was analyzed in healthy seahorses using a qPCR technique. HaGR mRNA was expressed ubiquitously in all of the tissues examined, with the highest expression levels in kidney, intestine, stomach, and gill tissues. The mRNA expression in response to immune challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), Edwardsiella tarda, and Streptococcus iniae revealed that it is inducible in response to pathogen infection. These results suggest that HaGR is involved in the immune response of the big-belly seahorse.