• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.122-127
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The Xpress3.$cardiac^{TM}$ which is a kind of wide beam reconstruction (WBR) method developed by UltraSPECT (Haifa, Israel) enables the acquisition of at quarter time while maintaining image quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of WBR method for decreasing scan times and to compare to it with filtered back projection (FBP), which is the method routinely used. Materials and Methods: Phantom and clinical studies were performed. The anthropomorphic torso phantom was made on an equality with counts from patient's body. The Tl-201 concentrations in the compartments were 74 kBq (2 ${\mu}Ci$)/cc in myocardium, 11.1 kBq (0.3 ${\mu}Ci$)/cc in soft tissue, and 2.59 kBq (0.07 ${\mu}Ci$)/cc in lung. The non-gated Tl-201 myocardial perfusion SPECT data were acquired with the phantom. The former study was scanned for 50 seconds per frame with FBP method, and the latter study was acquired for 13 seconds per frame with WBR method. Using the Xeleris ver. 2.0551, full width at half maximum (FWHM) and average image contrast were compared. In clinical studies, we analyzed the 30 patients who were examined by Tl-201 gated myocardial perfusion SPECT in department of nuclear medicine at Asan Medical Center from January to April 2010. The patients were imaged at full time (50 second per frame) with FBP algorithm and again quarter-time (13 second per frame) with the WBR algorithm. Using the 4D MSPECT (4DM), Quantitative Perfusion SPECT (QPS), and Quantitative Gated SPECT (QGS) software, the summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score (SRS), summed difference score, end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and ejection fraction (EF) were analyzed for their correlations and statistical comparison by paired t-test. Results: As a result of the phantom study, the WBR method improved FWHM more than about 30% compared with FBP method (WBR data 5.47 mm, FBP data 7.07 mm). And the WBR method's average image contrast was also higher than FBP method's. However, in result of quantitative indices, SSS, SDS, SRS, EDV, ESV, EF, there were statistically significant differences from WBR and FBP(p<0.01). In the correlation of SSS, SDS, SRS, there were significant differences for WBR and FBP (0.18, 0.34, 0.08). But EDV, ESV, EF showed good correlation with WBR and FBP (0.88, 0.89, 0.71). Conclusion: From phantom study results, we confirmed that the WBR method reduces an acquisition time while improving an image quality compared with FBP method. However, we should consider significant differences in quantitative indices. And it needs to take an evaluation test to apply clinical study to find a cause of differences out between phantom and clinical results.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.120-128
• /
• 2012

Recently sawdust cultivation of Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) is increasing. It is important to make mycelia to be brown on the substrate surface. This browned surface in sawdust cultivation plays an important role like as artificial bark of the oak log, which protects the other pests and suppresses water evaporation in the substrate. In order to isolate genes which related to brown color formation, differential display method was used. Two cDNA fragments obtained by DD-PCR were 1.2 and 1.6kb and these were expressed in white colored mycelia from L. edodes, but not brown colored mycelia. Partial sequencing of these cDNA fragments showed that the 1.6kb cDNA had 100% identity with the microsatellites gene from Dugenia polichroa. However, the other 1.2kb cDNA fragment had poly T tail on 3' region of partial open reading frame on 5' region. The new primer designed based on the sequence of 1.2kb cDNA was constructed. RT-PCR analysis using the newly designed 0.12kb cDNA specific primer showed that the gene was only expressed in white color mycelia, but not in brown color mycelia. Sequence analysis of 5' region of this 1.2kb cDNA revealed that this gene contained partial open reading frame consisted of 110 amino acid. Homology search using DNASIS database showed that this gene had high sequence homology of 66.7% in DNA level and 69.2 % in amino acid level with dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratases gene from Arabidopsis thaliata. The dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratases gene was known to be function to have tolerance with oxidation stress. These results strongly suggest that this gene isolated from white mycelia of L. edodes might have a function of repressor against mycelia browning. Therefore I designated this gene as BCR (Brown Color Repressor) gene.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.46
• /
• pp.108-147
• /
• 2009

This study explores the news frames on the U. S. beef imports and candlelight vigils covered by the two national dailies such as ChosunIlbo and the Hankyoreh Shinmun; the KwangwonIlbo, a local daily. The news frames extracted based on the models of Iyengar(1987), Semetko & Valkenburg(2000) and other researchers are attribution of responsibility, economic sequences, protest against the authorities, national health and governmental public relations and so on. The result shows that the news reports are consisted of the straight news(75.9%), feature stories(11.7%) and editorials(6.3%). More specifically, there is a comparatively hight ratio of editorials(11.0%) for the ChosunIlbo, feature stories(20.9%) for the Hankyoreh, and the straight news(89.7%) for the KwangwonIlbo. In terms of the news frames stressed by the three dailies, the ChosunIlbo focuses and stresses on the national health(17.8%) and the attribution of responsibilities(10.6%). However, the Hankyoreh have a tendency to stress on the protest against the authorities(31.3%) and attribution of responsibilities(38.4%); the KwangwonIlbo, focuses on the protest against the authorities(38.4%) and the economic sequences(17.9%). Finally, in the case of the main characteristics of the dailies, the governmental public relations frame is found only on the ChosunIlbo that has a comparatively high ratio; the Hankyoreh also has a high ratio of the feature stories on the U. S. beef imports. Even thought the KwangwonIlbo has a high ratio of the economic sequence frame, the ratio of opinion pages, such as editorial and columns, the local newspaper has not spoken up for the potential economic crisis of the local Kwangwon province beef industry, mainly caused by the U. S. import beef.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.639-647
• /
• 2018

A new heat shock protein 70 was identified in red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) based on an expression analysis. The cDNA of red-spotted grouper Hsp70 (designated RgHsp70) was cloned by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) techniques. The full-length of RgHsp70 cDNA was 2,152 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 105 bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 274 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,773 bp that encode a polypeptide of 590 amino acids with a theoretical molecular weight of 64.9 kDa and an estimated isoelectric point of 5.2. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the RgHsp70 gene shares a high similarity with other Hsp70 fish genes. RgHsp70 contained all three classical Hsp70 family signatures. The results indicated the RgHsp70 is a member of the heat shock protein 70 family. RgHsp70 mRNA was predominately expressed in the liver, with reduced expression noted in the head-kidney tissues. The expression analysis of different water temperatures (21, 18, 15 and $12^{\circ}C$) for sampled livers revealed that expression gradually increased at $12^{\circ}C$ compared to $21^{\circ}C$. In this study, the effects of water temperature lowering on the physiological conditions were investigated, and the results revealed that novel RgHsp70 may be an important molecule involved in stress responses.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.648-654
• /
• 2018

In order to maintain manholes installed on the road, the manhole should be easy to open and close. Manhole covers under harsh conditions require that they can be lifted when attempting to open the manhole because the frame and cover are stuck and difficult to open and close. In this study, the design of a lifting mechanism was carried out to improve and integrate the locking type manhole. The mechanism of the locking manhole is that when the bolt located at the center is turned, the hub connected with the bolt descends, and the hook connected to the hub is rotated. The end of the hook is hooked to the manhole frame. The auxiliary device was installed on the hook so that the manhole cover can be lifted. The structure was designed to endure about 300kg of lifting force based on 70% of the yield stress of the hook to perform lifting function. The shape design was performed through the structural analysis using the finite element method. First, the basic design was performed with the simplified 2-dimensional model and the attachment position and shape were designed through the 3-dimensional model. In order to find out the structural problems of the designed shape, the scale downed model was fabricated through 3D printing and confirmed that the lifting function worked. Finally, it was confirmed that both the locking and the average lifting of about 6.1 mm can be done by applying the lifting mechanism through the machining and applying it to the existing locking manhole.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.823-829
• /
• 2002

The composite frame system with reinforced concrete column and steel beam has some advantages in the structural efficiency by complementing the shortcomings between the two systems. The system, however has also a lot of problems in practical design and construction process due to the material dissimilarities. Considering these circumstances, this research is aimed at the development of the composite structural system which enables the steel beams to be connected to the R/C columns with higher structural safety and economy. Basically the proposed connection system is composed of four split tees, structural angles reinforced by stiffener, high strength steel rods, connecting plates and shear plates. The structural tests have been carried out to verify the moment transfer mechanism from beam flange to steel rods or connecting plates through the angle reinforced by siffener. The four prototype specimens have been tested until the flange of beam reached the plastic states. From the tests, no distinct material dissimilarities between concrete and steel have been detected and the stress transfer through wide flange beam - structural angle - high strength steel rod or connecting plate is very favorable.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.11 no.2 s.54
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2007

Three types of high-rise RC building structures having irregularity in the lower two stories were selected as prototypes and were performed nonlinear static analysis by using OpenSees to verify the analysis technique and to investigate the seismic capacity of those buildings. The first one has a symmetrical moment resisting frame (Model 1), the second has an infilled shear wall in the central frame (Model 2), and the third has an infilled shear wall only in one of exterior frames (Model 3). Fiber model, which consists of concrete and reinforcing bar represented from stress-strain relationship, is adapted used for simulate the nonlinearity of members, and MVLEM(Multi vertical linear element model) is used for simulate the behavior of wall. The analytical results are simulate the behavior of piloti stories well, for example, the stiffness and yield farce of piloti stories, the up-lift of wall and the variation of lateral stiffness of column due to the variation of axial forces. Overstrength of Model 2 and Model 3 are about 2 times larger than that of Model 1. The reason of the high oversttrength and ductility of Model 2 and Model 3 is that the conservative design of Model 2 and Model 3, whose beam and column sections are the same as those of Model 1. The ductilities of Model 1 and Model 3 are slightly larger than that of Model 1 and Model 3. Model 1 and Model 3 reached mechanism condition, whereas Model 2 failed to the shear failure of shear wall and the large axial forces in columns due to large overturning moment.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.99-104
• /
• 2002

Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to isolate wound-induced cDNAs from wounded soybean. One of low-temperature-inducible cDNA, slti182 showed high homology with genes encoding 1-asparaginase. The full length cDNA of slti182, deginated GmASP1, is 1258 bp long and contains an open reading frame consisted of 326 amino acids. CmASP1 protein showed the highest identity (84%) with putative asparaginase from A. thaliana (AB012247), but it showed only 55% identity with another isoform of A. tathaliana (Z34884). The expression of GmASP1 during low temperature stress started to increase 3 hours after treatment, reached the maximum at 6 hour, and then decreased to the initial level at 48 hours. The amount of GmASP1 transcripts increased again when low-temperature-treated plants were transferred to room temperature, The present study suggests that GmASP1 may function to accelerate the protein synthesis which is important in the early response to low temperature.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2011

The existing studies of VDT syndrome have been researched only about for nurse groups without radiological technologists. The target of this study was workers who perform VDT task in general hospital placed in Daejun City such as insurance judgement, patient affairs, medical record management, medical computing service, hospital administration, and radiological sections. This study was conducted at October 15, 2009 to November 2, 2009 using structured questionnaire. Results of group A (age 20-29, less than 5 years experience at clinical site, normal staff, and unmarried group) showed significant skin and psychological conditions among recognition symptoms of VDT syndrome. Group B (age 30-39, 6-10 years experience at clinical site, managing staff, and married group) tends to be similar at orbital, whole body and muscles' frame response among recognition symptoms of VDT syndrome. Results of "Multiple Linear Regression" with dependent variable that is scores of recognition symptoms of VDT syndrome are as follows. The factors which influences for orbital-related problem is gender, health cares and obstacles during daily life. The factors which influences for whole body-related is exercise, stress and recognition for health condition and the factors which influences muscles' frame-related is 6-10 years experience at clinical site, human relationship, health cares and obstacles during daily life. These are proved to be similar by statistic analysis. There is small difference at recognition symptom of VDT syndrome between the radiological technologist and other groups in general hospital. Yet, as the working circumstance of radiological technologist gradually changes to VDT environment, the recognition symptom of VDT syndrome became conscious. This can be prevented by regular job rotation, which will escape the continuous repetition of working pattern.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2022

This study investigated the behavior of out-of-plane skewed moment connections that were designed as IMFs, as per the Korean standards. A total of 14 finite element models were constructed with the consideration of two types (single- and double-sided connections) and four levels of skew angle (0°, 10°, 20°, and 30°). The results indicated that the skewed connections considered in this study met the acceptance criteria for IMFs given by the codes. However, the load-carrying capacities of skewed connections were decreased as the skew angle increased. For the connection with a skew angle of 30°, the peak load was noted to be 13% less and the energy dissipation capacity could be 26% less than that of non-skewed connection. In addition, because of the skewed nature, the stress distribution in the skewed beam flange near the connection was asymmetric and the stresses were concentrated on the beam inner flange. Column twisting induced by the skewed configuration was very small and negligible in the beam and column combination considered in this study.