• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.116
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• pp.59-78
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• 2010

The main purpose of this paper is to show how the notion of the language-experience correspondence is ill-grounded, and that the notion of 'literal meaning' based on it accordingly goes nowhere. Drawing on the experientialist view, I observed that language itself is a system of signs, and thus is given meaning only by way of symbolization. According to the experientialist account, the meaning of a signifier is given by means of "symbolic mapping." in which a certain portion of experience-content is mapped onto the signifier. And since symbolic mapping is partial by nature, there must come in some breach between the signifier and the experience-content mapped onto it. The partial nature of symbolic mapping repudiates the very notion of correspondence, and accordingly the notion of literal meaning. Rather, meanings are produced by means of the varied distances between the signifier and the mapped experience. In this perspective, the inquiry into the nature and structure of meaning should become part of one into that of symbolic experience. Such an inquiry may not be expected to reach the objectivity of linguistic meaning. Instead, we may be content with the relative stability in communication, which seems to be grounded in the commonality conspicuously observed at the bodily level of human experience.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2022

Based on the Kohut's theory, this study carries out an investigation into the counselor's self object role in pathological narcissism. The theological understandings deal with narcissism, pathology, and self object. Narcissism and pathology can be seen as the failure of the formation of cohesive self. Early infant self, by feeling proper sympathy and love, usually forms integrated cohesive self. In other words, narcissistic personalities, when failing to receive sympathy and accommodation, can result in forming helpless and vulnerable self, which is filled with resentment. In addition, narcissistic characters are afraid of the world and maintain the grandiose image of self to protect themselves from feeling helplessness and emptiness. On the other hand, when they experience accommodation and admiration provided by self object, they can strengthen the image of grandiose self and demonstrate creative abilities as well. An infant remains as a fragmented self, when his or her relationship experience with self object is to be damaged. This study suggests the following conclusions: The counselor's self object role for pathological narcissism should be sympathetic self object so that the counselee will be able to form his or her own healthy cohesive self. Additionally, self object should play a kind role to guide infant desires for ideal models, which eventually help infants to pursue healthy ideas and maintain early states of narcissistic balances.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1336-1354
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• 1999

Researchers have rarely explored menopausal experience in the context of the totality of women's lives, subsequently making the picture of menopause incomplete, discrete and fragmented. Respecting the totality of women's lives, this study addressed how a vulnerable group of women-low income Korean immigrant women-experience menopause within a context of multiple transitions. This is a cross-sectional study using methodological triangulation. A sample of 119 first-generation Korean immigrant women aged 40 to 60 years, who were in low-income jobs, was recruited using convenience sampling methods. From the total sample, 21 peri-or post-menopausal women were recruited for in-depth interviews following the collection of the survey data. Questionnaires, short interviews, and in- depth interviews were used to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Thematic analysis was used to interpret interview data. The findings indicate that menopause was given the lowest priority amidst women's multiple and demanding roles within a gendered multiple transitional (immigration, work and menopause) context. The lack of language clarity to describe women's experience, cultural background, inadequate knowledge, and lack of social supports made menopause hidden, invisible, and inaudible. Conclusions and implications for nursing practice are guided by the goal of understanding women's experiences and meanings of menopause and supporting women through reflecting these experiences into their health care.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1413-1422
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• 2018

As the online food market is becoming major channel and fragmented, online premium food market is also emerging and growing. The purpose of this study is to clarify the experience factors of consumers in online premium food market and define the differences with offline. It is suggested that the online premium food market should be differentiated in terms of providing contents and services by revealing the differences in experience of cognitive, aesthetic and emotional experience with offline premium food market. In addition, the channel that consumers use in the online premium food market has a combination of online and offline experiences, so it is necessary to provide a consistent experience to the consumers. The consumer experience derived from this study is intended to be used as a basic data for providing content and services from the consumer perspective in the service design of online premium food market.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.255-259
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• 2022

The new social reality emerging amid the global rise of communication links and integration processes acutely emphasizes the problems of communication in large and small social systems. The method of their communication becomes one of the keys to ensuring global security. It has become the mission of humanitarian education to prepare the younger generations for life in a changing world with no image of the future and increasing uncertainty. In psychological and pedagogical research, there is a growing scientific interest in the problems of interaction of the individual with the social environment. The mental trace of a person's practice in society shapes the experience of social interaction, which constitutes simultaneously the source, tool, and condition for the emergence and development of personality. The study outlines the methodological foundations for the study of individual experiences of social interaction. A hypothesis about the productivity of the functional matrix method is tested. Materials for the training of specialists in the humanities include interdisciplinary approaches to the study and transformation of the experience of social interaction and systematic methodology for the study of complex objects. Fundamental to the study is the systematic-dialectical method, and the matrix method is employed as the instrumental-technological method. The paper presents the results of a multidisciplinary overview of scientific literature concerning the essential characteristics and functions of social interaction and the respective experience. The overview points to the fragmented nature of scientific understanding of the elements of experience outside its integrity and systemic properties. Based on the formula "personality interacts with the social environment", the study presents an algorithm for the application of a systematic methodology for the study of complex objects, which made it possible to identify the system parameters of experience at three levels of cognition and develop the reference structural and functional matrices for the didactic system of its pedagogical enrichment.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2007

Sleep changes substantially with age. There is a phase advance in the circadian sleep cycle and increased waking after sleep onset. The elderly people wake more frequently during the night and experience fragmented sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. The prevalence of sleep disorders increases with age, and the composition of sleep disorders in the elderly differs from that in the young. The most frequently encountered sleep disorders are psychophysiologic insomnia, sleep disturbance due to dementia, sleeprelated respiratory disorder, restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder, and REM sleep behavior disorder. To treat the elderly sleep problem appropriately, it is important to know how sleep pattern changes as we age and to understand the cause of sleep-related symptoms. This article will review the sleep physiology and common sleep disorders in the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2015

Among the cultural groups that increase South Korea's diversity, there are adolescents returning to Korea after their stay abroad. From 15 in-depth interviews with those who stayed abroad for longer than 5 years, 11 codes were generated. The codes were divided into two categories: "assets" when the multicultural experience served as resources for the returnees adapting to Korean culture successfully and "disadvantages" when the multiple experience remained fragmented for the returnees experiencing difficulty in re-acculturation. The distinguishing factors between the success and difficulty in re-acculturation appeared to be the cultural identity as Korean and the "openness to experience." The interwoven nature of personal and social factors stood out, along with the role of cultural identity throughout the process. Also the "openness to experience" as a strategy of integrating the past experiences is discussed, as well as the implications of the findings and the suggestions for future studies in the contemporary multicultural South Korea as a host society.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.4 no.4 s.16
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• pp.114-122
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• 2003

Dynamic and fragmented characteristics are two of the most significant factors that distinguish the construction industry from other industries. Previous forecasting techniques have failed to solve the problems derived from the above characteristics, and do not provide considerable support This paper deals with providing a more precise forecasting by applying Case-based Reasoning (CBR). The newly developed model in this study enables project managers to forecast monthly expenditures with less time and effort by retrieving and referring only projects of a similar nature, while filtering out irrelevant cases included in database. For the purpose of accurate forecasting, the choice of the numbers of referring projects was investigated. It is concluded that selecting similar projects at $5{\~}6{\%}$ out of the whole database will produce a more precise forecasting. The new forecasting model, which suggests the predicted values based on previous projects, is more than just a forecasting methodology; it provides a bridge that enables current data collection techniques to be used within the context of the accumulated information. This will eventually help all the participants in the construction industry to build up the knowledge derived from invaluable experience.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.117-124
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• 2004

Dynamic and fragmented characteristics ale two of the most significant factors that distinguish the construction industry from other industries. Previous forecasting techniques have failed to solve the problems derived from the above characteristics and do not provide considerable support. This paper deals with providing a more precise forecasting by applying Case-based Reasoning (CBR). The newly developed model in this study enables project managers to forecast monthly expenditures with less time and effort by retrieving and referring only projects of a similar nature, while filtering out irrelevant cases included in database. For the purpose of accurate forecasting. the choice of the numbers of referring projects was investigated. it is concluded that selecting similar projects at $5\~6\;\%$ out of the whole database will produce a more precise forecasting. The new forecasting model. which suggests the predicted values based on previous projects, is more than just a forecasting methodology it provides a bridge that enables current data collection techniques to be used within the context of the accumulated information. This will eventually help all the participants in the construction industry to build up the know ledge derived from invaluable experience.

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.289-317
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• 2017

This study aims to explore how Korean middle-school mathematics textbooks on functions provide students an opportunity-to-learn [OTL]. For this purpose, we investigate 3 textbooks in terms of mathematics content and practice, the level of cognitive demands of mathematical tasks, types of student responses, types of context-based tasks, and connections among the tasks. The findings from the data analysis suggest as follows: a) an opportunity-to-learn to connect procedures to functional concepts and new ideas of functions to the existing one is very limited; b) the textbooks seem to provide students an OTL to understand functions as definitions, rules and conventions and to experience repeatedly procedural executions through worked examples and mathematics tasks; c) students may not experience to explain their own ideas/thinking by using mathematical sentence or justify their own cognitive processes; and d) students can be exposed to get a sense of mathematics as a set of fragmented and isolated facts or procedures, rather than to encourage to expand and deepen their understanding of functions.