• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2006

Mandibular fractures have higher incidence rate compared to facial bone fractures because of relatively prominent form. Specially, mandibular angle fractures were known as common fracture site because of morphological anatomic structure. The mandibular third molar appears to be the most frequent impacted tooth. The mandibular third molar have influence on mandibular angle fractures according to it's eruption state. Also, the mandibular angle fracture including the third molar may influence on post operative infection whether the third molar is in impacted or extracted state when reduction of fracture site is operated. The presence or absence and degree of impaction of the mandibular third molar were assessed for each patient and were related to the occurrence of the mandibular angle fracture. The extraction or non extraction of the mandibular third molar were related to the occurrence of the post operative infection in the reduction of mandibular angle fractures. In the presence of mandibular third molar, the possibility of mandibular angle fractures were relatively common. When viewing the mandibular third molar at occlusal plane, the possibility of mandibular angle fractures were high in the class C group. The possibility of mandibular angle fractures were high in the mesial angulation and partial impaction. There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). In complete erupted mandibular third molar, the possibility of post operative infection occurs quite often, but there was no statistical significant difference(P>0.05). In the extracted or non extracted of mandibular third molar, the post operative infection showed no statistical significant difference(P>0.05). With the results mentioned above, mandibular third molar was significantly more susceptible to mandibular angle fracture. In the reduction of mandibular angle fracture, it was recommended that mandibular third molar should be extracted especially in case of pericoronitis, periodontitis and other infections.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.238-242
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• 2017

Background: Conservative treatment is performed for isolated anterior wall of the maxillary sinus fractures, in many cases when the fracture is clinically not severe and asymptomatic. Despite the absence of symptoms, complications such as sinusitis, rhinitis, and chronic purulent secretion may develop; therefore, successful reduction is required. We attempted to reduce the risk of complications using an alternative technique: reduction of the fracture with two urinary balloon catheters inserted through the maxillary ostium and fixation using fibrin glue, which minimizes the damage to the bony fragments and sinus mucosa. Methods: In this study, 38 patients who were diagnosed with an isolated anterior wall of the maxillary sinus fracture at our hospital between January 2014 and January 2017 were enrolled. The fracture site was exposed via the Caldwell-Luc approach followed by reduction through the insertion of two urinary balloon catheters using a nasal endoscope and fixation with fibrin glue. The sex, cause of fracture, physical examination, and presence of complications were examined and patient's medical records and facial bone computed tomography scans were analyzed. Results: Radiological evaluation showed that there was no evidence of collapsed reduction fragments. Although some patients had remaining symptoms of hypoesthesia (15%; 3 patients), there were no complications such as infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, and chronic purulent secretion at the surgical site. Conclusion: In this study, we present an alternative surgical technique using two urinary balloon catheters and fibrin glue for the successful reconstruction of an isolated anterior wall of the maxillary sinus fracture. This technique enables precise restoration with a reduced risk of complications.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2013

The proper management of mandibular fractures involves reduction, rigid fixation, and immobilization to allow bone healing. Nonunion or malunion at the fractured sites is a well-known complication of fracture when the treatments are inappropriate. We present a case of left mandibular fracture due to shrapnel during the Korean War. The patients did not receive appropriate treatment at that time, so nonunion and malunion developed. Sixty years after the accident, mandibular osteomyelitis on the fracture site developed due to dental-origin inflammation. The treatment was based on relatively conservative care, such as saucerization and administration of antibiotics. There was no complication during the short-term follow-up. We present the case with literature review.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2021

A transparotid approach, with a retromandibular or preauricular incision, is an alternative surgical approach for treating a subcondylar fracture and reducing the potential for complications such as injury to the facial nerves. However, retromandibular and preauricular incisions are both created far away from the parotid gland-dissection area. Thus, it is necessary to undermine the skin and retract it anteriorly to access the surgical field. Here, we introduce a modified approach wherein the incision allows for direct access to the fracture site. This approach may be adopted to shorten the incision length, reduce the retraction trauma at the surgical site, and help prevent injury to the facial nerve.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.399-406
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• 2000

With the increase of industrialization, leisures, sports activities and traffic, the risk of trauma has increased markedly. Midfacial bones are relatively common sites of trauma, and are difficult sites of correct reduction and reconstruction, because midface is composed of mostly thin cortical bone surrounding cavities filled with either air or fat with discrete areas of bony condensation. A clinical study on 208 patients with midfacial bone fracture who visited Sanggye Paik Hospital during 5 years($1990{\sim}1995$) was done by analyzing sex, age, cause, fracture site, treatment method, complication and involvement of other body part, etc. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The occurrence was more frequent in male than in female with ratio of 2.7 : 1 and most frequently in twenties. 2. Traffic accident was the most common cause of midface fractures. 3. Zygoma was the most frequently occurred site(50%) of midface fractures. 4. Simple fracture(75%) was more frequently occurred than compound fracture(25%). 5. As treatment method, open reduction(76.4%) was used more frequently than closed reduction(23.6%) 6. Generally, operations are done in 5 days after admission(59.1%), and intermaxillary fixation was done in 78.4% of cases. 7. Teeth and alveolar bone damages were occurred in 32.2% of cases. 8. Other injuries that were related to midface fracture occurred in 63.3% of cases. 9. Post-operative complications occurred in 9% of cases.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.283-294
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• 1992

Functional recovery associated with mouth opening after mandibular condyle fracture was a contradictory result of many authors. The treatment goal of condyle fracture has been not only the good reduction and fixation but also the rapid functional recovery with mouth opening capacity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mouth opening capacity after surgical or non-surgical treatment of condyle fracture according to the site, level, maxillomandibular fixation(MMF) and operation method based on 39 patents with condyle fracture who were admitted to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital from May.1, 1990 to Aug.31, 1992. The results were as follows. 1. The most common fracture site was level IV (17 cases : 42.2%) and level I (14 cases : 36.8%), level II (5 cases: 13.2%) and level III(3 cases : 7.9%) were in decreasing order of frequency. Compound fracture with symphysis was more frequent (69.2%) than simple fracture(30.8%). 2. The mouth opening capacity was increased in the level I compared with level IV. 3. The mouth opening capacity was increased in the group of segment removal. 4. The mouth opening capacity was increased in the MMF period was decreased. 5. Better mouth opening capacity was recorded in the physical therapy group of more than 3-4 weeks of treatment period.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.261-265
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to perform retrospective data collection of the sites and types of fracture in raptors in order to enable wildlife veterinarians to manage cases of fracture more effectively. This study included raptors with fracture, rescued between January 2013 and August 2015 in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region in Republic of Korea. The data were collected from the medical reports and radiographic findings acquired from designated animal hospitals for wild animals, the Dongin Animal Hospital and the Kyungpook wildlife rescue center. The distribution, sites, and types of fracture, and outcomes of rescue and fracture management of the raptors included in this study were analyzed. Among the 31 birds included in this study, Falco tinnunculus was the most common species. Of the 42 sites of fracture, the diaphysis of the humerus was the most common site of fracture, and comminuted fracture was the most common type. Of the 31 birds, 13 were treated surgically. Intramedullary pinning with bandaging was the most common method of surgical treatment. While 7 of the 13 birds died, 2 were reintroduced into the wild, and 4 were kept captive. This study presents the evaluation of the data on the species, sites, and types of fracture, and treatment procedures and outcomes in raptors with fractures, rescued in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region. The findings of this study could serve as a basic database for the treatment of fracture in raptors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.550-555
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• 2005

In vicinity of Seoul, there has been water service tunnel that classified into 1st grade facility by special act for the safety control of public structures and with providing capacity equals to $1,543{\times}10^3$(ton/day) and inner pressure equals to $2.5-3.5kg/cm^2$. In this research, site investigation and stability analysis for water tunnel caused by new construction of road tunnel were carried out. the ground near water tunnel were zoned into spatial area having similar geotechnical characteristics and estimating geotechnical properties for each area. The site for analysis consists of banded biotite gneiss, biotite schist and granite gneiss with spatial non-homogeneity, and for that reason weathering and fault zone were distributed with large scale. It's important thing to consider spatial ground zone and their geotechnical properties properly into stability analysis at design and construction stage. Also, using results of site investigation, stability of existing tunnel have been analyzed for Hydraulic Fracture/Jacking and deformation in detail.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.63-70
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• 2002

In tunnel construction, the information on the rock quality and the location of fault or fracture are crucial for economical design of support pattern and for safe construction of the tunnel. The grade of rock is commonly estimated through the observation with the naked eye of recovered cores in drilling or from physical parameters obtained by their laboratory test. Since drilling cost is quite expensive and terrains of planned sites for tunnel construction are rough in many cases, however, only limited information could be provided by core drilling Electrical resistivity and EM surveys may be a clue to get over this difficulty. Thus we have investigated electrical resistivity and EM field data providing regional Information of the rock Quality and delineating fault and fracture over a rough terrain. In this paper, we present some case histories using electrical resistivity and EM survey for the site investigation of tunnel construction. Through electrical resistivity and EM survey, the range and depth of coal seam was clearly estimated, cavities were detected in limestone area, and weak zones such as joint, fault and fracture have been delineated.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.523-528
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• 2023

The Gustilo IIIB tibiofibular fractures often result in long bone loss and extensive soft tissue defects. Reconstruction of these complex wounds is very challenging, especially when it includes long bone grafts, because the donor site is limited. We describe our experience using a set of chimeric ipsilateral vascularized fibula grafts with a thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap to reconstruct the traumatic tibia defects. A 66-year-old male suffered a severe comminuted tibia fracture and segmented fibula fracture with large soft tissue defects as a result of a traffic accident. He also had an open calcaneal fracture with soft tissue defects on the ipsilateral side. All the main vessels of the lower extremity were intact, and the cortical bone defect of the tibia was almost as large as the fractured fibula segment. We used an ipsilateral vascularized fibula graft to reconstruct the tibia and a thoracodorsal artery perforator flap to resurface the soft tissue, using the distal ends of peroneal vessels as named into sequential chimeric flaps. After 3 weeks, the calcaneal defect was reconstructed with second thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap. Reconstruction was successful and allowed rapid rehabilitation because of reduced donor site morbidity.