• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.631-639
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• 2007

This study investigated the construction and operation status of sewer pipes and water-purifier tanks near densely populated areas like large apartment complexes, in order to find out cause for offensive orders. The study results revealed that the main cause arose from the water-purifier tank and public sewer pipes near ordinary residential areas. First, in case of independent water-purifier tanks, the air is forced into the rotten part of large tanks nearby which should be operated in an anaerobic state, so that the tank changes into an aerobic state, or dirty water, which is returned during the sludge return process, falls on the top of the rotten tank, preventing scum from forming within the tank. Such problems cause incompletely purified water in the purifier tank to be discharged, which in turn results in filthy water. Second, in case of public sewer pipes, deteriorated or aging pipes, or the mixture of rain water and dirty water by mixing up combined and separated sewers system can cause foul odors in residential areas. Therefore, offensive odors in residential areas can be radically reduced through the appropriate construction and management of facilities including water-purifier tanks. As well, if more separate sewers are installed as part of an improvement project for public sewer pipes, complaints about foul smell can be minimized.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.621-629
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• 2007

This study intends to investigate the characteristics of the foul smell of sewer pipes near large apartment complexes as complaints about offensive odors have drastically increased in urban residential areas. Targeting apartments where people actually complained about foul orders, the study result revealed that components in the smell of the water-purifier tank of the target apartment were very similar to those of sewage treatment plants and night soil treatment plants. Measuring components of odors inside the management layer of tank showed that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was 10ppm, which is approximately 160 times the safety standard of 0.06ppm; the concentration of mercaptan was 0.9ppm, which is about 220 times the safety standard of 0.004ppm. The source materials of foul odors were discharged outside through ducts, and those households living near outlets producing bad smell complain that it gets worse depending on the air pressure or wind direction and strength, and they could not even open windows. As well, these source materials were transferred by discharge pumps to public sewer pipes outside the apartment complex. While discharge pumps starts operating, they remain on the sewer pipe and then begin to spread over to roads through small openings of manholes on the road. Then, the smell offends passers-by and residents near the road, leading to a lot of complaints. The study results suggest that, among the sources of foul odors in sewer pipes of residential areas, especially those from the water-purifier tank of large apartments, hydrogen sulfide should be the main target for follow-up treatment.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.143-150
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• 2011

In this paper, we intend to implement system of the automation of foul/waste water disposal plant by using processed sensor data. We designed the model of communication system based on wireless indoor environment, implemented monitoring and control system based on IP. In the implemented monitoring system, it is possible to control and monitor through not only PC but also smart device(tablet PC, smart phone) anywhere, if WEB is connected.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.287-297
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• 2003

To investigate water quality and pollution states of rivers in Gwangju city, total of 30 water samples were taken from the main stream of Yeongsan river, Hwangryong river and Gwangju stream in dry and flood seasons. Physico-chemical characteristics of above streams according to pH-Eh and Piper's diagrams we, typically, assigned to natural river water. In the streams, BOD, COD, T-N and T-P indicating water quality mostly increase toward downstream. Notably, water qualities in area near connection between the Gwangju stream and the main stream of Yeongsan river are polluted over V level in rivers and lakes water quality standard. The pollutions are influenced by lift and agricultural foul waters from Gwangju City and farming areas around upstream branches of the Yeongsan river, reasonably. Besides, heavy metals are below the standard in those streams. So, it is considered that the streams are polluted by not industrial but life/agricultural foul waters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.361-367
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• 2010

The use of antifouling(AF) paints is the effective method for the protection of underwater structures from the development of marine fouling organisms. The ban on harmful substances in antifouling paints requires the development of new antifouling strategies although Tributyitin (TBT) compound had been used extensively as an active ingredient Alternatives should be as effective as conventional paints but have lower toxicity. In the present study, a TBT-free self-polishing (Cu SPC) AF paint containing $Cu_2O$, a Cu free SPC AF paint, and a Foul-release silicone AF paint, which were commercially available, were examined to investigate environmental erects of leakage waters employing Sebastes shlegeli and Artemia. Survival rates were inversely proportional to the concentration of leakage waters from AF paints and the acute toxicity of SPC AF paints was relatively higher than that of foul release AF paints.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.735-741
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• 2010

A pilot test was carried out to investigate the long term operation characteristics of Microfiltration (MF) system as a pretreatment for seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) processes for two years. A commercialized MF module with pressurized operation type was used to filter seawater to remove particles which can foul reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. Silt Density Index (SDI) values of filtered seawater by the MF system were ranged from 0.14 to 1.79, which meet the SDI standard for RO feed water as depicted in previous literatures. Although the tested seawater is quite clean (i.e., dissolved organic cabon (DOC) concentration and turbidity were about 1 mg/l and less than 1 NTU, respectively) enough not to foul the MF membrane, steep increase in trans-membrane pressure (TMP) with a constant flux were observed over a whole operation period. A set of operation and water analysis data implies that the steep increase in TMP was resulted from iron and maganese fouling by the combination of metal corrosion by seawater and oxidation state by aeration and residual chlorine.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.123-129
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• 2012

A septic tank is a purification treatment system where night soil and other waste matter is converted into harmless material by the activities of bacteria. Effluent from the septic tank flows into the sewer pipe, and then this effluent affects the quality of water environment and makes foul smell. In this study, through the proper maintenance of septic tank it was tried to minimize the impact of sewer pipe on water quality and fouling smell. BOD removal rate from the septic tank's effluent which exceeded legal cleaning period was investigated for the proper maintenance. BOD Removal rate of the twelve septic tank's effluent is -62.5% to 43.9%. According to the result of BOD removal rate, septic tank cleaning should be done at least once a year. And the pathogenic coliform bacillus in the twelve septic tank's effluent is average 768,000 (MPN/$100m{\ell}$). The chlorine disinfection is needed to remove the pathogenic coliform bacillus in septic tank effluent.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.61-63
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• 1999

Bacterial soft rot was observed on radish grown in Hongcheon, Kanwon-Do, Korea. The soft rot symptoms began as small water-soaked lesions. The water-soaked lesions enlarged rapidly in roots and produced a foul odor. When roots were affected in the field, the shoots also became infected and watery, causing infected plants to wilt, disorganize, and die. The causal organism was isolated from the lesions, and the identified as Erwinia chrysanthemi based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. E. chrysanthemi is first described bacterium which causes bacterial soft rot on radish in Korea.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.166-169
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• 2008

The submersion monitoring system based on a reflective side-polished optical fiber submersion sensor with an optical fiber mirror was shown to be an effective alarm system with remote monitoringwhen the drainage capacity of a common utility duct is exceeded due to heavy rainfall. The proposed sensor was connected to an existing installed optical fiber network at a height of 250mm in a common utility duct, and then tested under sample materials(distilled water, river water, sea water, foul water, muddy water, petroleum, edible oil) at a distance of 1km from the sensor for remote sensing. In experiments, the proposed real-time sensor system reduced maintenance cost and improved monitoring efficiency by using a reflection-type side-polished optical fiber submersion sensor efficient for remote monitoring of a common utility duct.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.211-218
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• 1996

The soil revitalization movement is the important approach to intensify the agricultural production and sustainable agriculture for the future. The soil have been polluted by abusing chemical fertilizer and inflow foul water from factories and houses during the last three decades. That`s not only farmer`s responsibility but all of us. The cooperative efforts are needed to preserve soil and environment.