• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2016

Positional stability analysis based on aerodynamic forces and induced moments of formation flight using two small aircraft models is presented. The aerodynamic force and moments of the trailing aircraft are analyzed in the aspect of flight stability. The induced moments with the change of local flow direction by wing-tip vortex from the leading aircraft can affect the flight positional stability of aircraft in closed formation flight. Aerodynamic forces and moments of trailing aircraft model are measured by 6-component internal balance at the 49 locations with vertical and lateral space between two aircraft models. Results are shown that the positional stability of trailing aircraft in formation flight can be analyzed by positional stability derivatives with vertical and lateral space. It is concluded that flying positions can be important factors for aircraft position stability due to induced aerodynamic force and moments with vertical and lateral spacing by the variation of flow pattern from the leading aircraft in formation flight.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2016

In this study, we implemented a formation flight control system using two drones. Ground control system communicates with drones by MAVLink protocol, does keep watch on drone's status and sends simultaneously formation flight instructions to drones in real time. Two drones have been able to fly by a formation flight algorithm without crashing while maintaining the same speed, and a constant distance and altitude.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.463-467
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• 2005

In this paper, the guidance law applicable to formation flight of UAV in three-dimensional space is proposed. The concept of miss distance, which is commonly used in the missile guidance laws, and Lyapunov stability theorem are effectively combined to obtain the guidance commands of the wingmen. The propose guidance law is easily integrated into the existing flight control system because the guidance commands are given in terms of velocity, flight path angle and heading angle to form the prescribed formation. In this guidance law, communication is required between the leader and the wingmen to achieve autonomous formation. The wingmen are only required the current position and velocity information of the leader vehicle. The performance of the proposed guidance law is evaluated using the complete nonlinear 6-DOF aircraft system. This system is integrated with nonlinear aerodynamic and engine characteristics, actuator servo limitations for control surfaces, various stability and control augmentation system, and autopilots. From the nonlinear simulation results, the new guidance law for formation flight shows that the vehicles involved in formation flight are perfectly formed the prescribed formation satisfying the several constraints such as final velocity, flight path angle, and heading angle.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2008

New formation flight controller for unmanned aerial vehicles is proposed. A behavioral decentralized control approach called formation geometry center control is adopted. Trajectory tracking as well as formation geometry keeping are the purpose of the formation flight, and therefore two controllers are designed: a trajectory tracking controller for reference trajectory tracking, and a position controller for formation geometry keeping. Each controller is designed using Lyapunov stability theorem to guarantee the asymptotic stability. Formation flight controller is finally obtained by combining the trajectory tracking controller and the formation geometry keeping controller using a weighting parameter that depends on the relative distance error between unmanned aerial vehicles. Numerical simulations are performed to validate the performance of the proposed controller.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 초소형 비행체의 자동 편대 비행을 위한 유도 법칙과 비행 시험 결과를 기술하였다. 초소형 비행체는 탑재 중량과 비행시간 등의 제한으로 인해 짧은 시간 안에 복수의 비행체가 임무를 분담하거나 협력하여 동시에 수행하는 것이 효율적이며 편대 비행은 이러한 임무 하중을 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있다. 제안된 편대 유도 법칙은 Leader-Follower 편대 비행의 기하학적 관계 기반으로 비선형 모델 역변환 기법을 이용하여 설계하였다. 편대 유도 법칙에 필요한 비행체의 상태 정보는 비행체 간 고속의 데이터 통신 시스템을 구성하고 지상국을 통해 송수신하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 비행체간 통신 기반의 편대 유도 기법은 센서의 측정 잡음에 대한 강건한 성능을 확인하기 위해 실제 비행 데이터 기반 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 다수의 초소형 비행체를 이용한 편대 비행 시험을 통해 유도 법칙의 타당성을 검증하고 확인하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.859-866
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 다수 비행체의 편대 비행 시 상호 기하학적 관계 유지에 필요한 유도 법칙과 비선형 시뮬레이션 결과를 제시하였다. 편대 내의 각 비행체는 편대 Leader를 제외하고 모두 Leader와 Follower의 역할을 동시에 맡으며, Leader에 의한 명령은 모든 Follower에게 분배되고 따라서 편대를 이루는 모든 비행체들의 동시기동비행(Synchronized Flight)을 가능하게 한다. 편대 비행 유도 법칙은 가까운 미래 시각에 예상되는 기하학적 오차 그리고 Lyapunov 안정성 이론에 근거하여 도출하였고, 정찰과 감시 임무 예제에 관한 고정밀 비선형 시뮬레이션 결과를 통하여 제안된 유도 법칙의 성능을 검증하였다

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2009

Many formation guidance laws have been proposed for VAV formation flight. Since most autonomous formation flight methods require various active communication links between the vehicles to know motion information of other vehicles, damage to the receiver or the transmitter and communication delay are critical problem to achieve a given formation flight mission. Therefore, in this point of view, the method that does not need an inter-vehicle communication is preferred in the autonomous formation flight. In this paper, we first summarize the formation guidance law without an inter-vehicle communication using feedback linearization and sliding mode control proposed in previous study. We also propose the modified formation guidance law with robust disturbance observer, which can provide significantly better performance than previously mentioned guidance law in case that other vehicles maneuver with large accelerations. The robust disturbance observer can estimate uncertainties generated by acceleration of leader vehicle. By eliminating the uncertainties using the estimated uncertainties, VAVs are able to achieve the tight formation flight. The performance of the proposed approach is validated by numerical simulations.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2012

In this paper, a formation guidance method for UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) to simulate the formation flight of birds proposed. The proposed method solves all issues of approaching for formation, formation keeping, and scarce chance to be collided with each UAV during formation process. Also, we design the feedforward controller to compensate the change of speed and heading for maneuvering of the leader UAV and the feedback controller to consider the response lag of the system. The stability and performance of the proposed controller is verified via numerical simulations of the full 6-Dof model of UAV.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1092-1097
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• 2014

It is difficult to perform automatic formation flight of UAV (Unmanned Aerial vehicle) when GPS (Global Positionig System) is out of order or has a system error, since the relative position estimation in the flight group is impossible in that case. In this paper, we design a relative localization system for the automatic formation flight of UAV. For this purpose, we adopt digital beam forming (DBF) to estimate the angle with the central controller of the flight group and Particle Filtering scheme to compensate the estimation error of ToA (time of arrival) method. Computer simulation results present a proper distance between the central controller and a following unit to maintain the automatic formation flight.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.1012-1020
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• 2018

한국항공우주연구원에서 개발된 틸트로터 무인기의 임무비행 능력을 높이기 위하여, 무인기의 자율화 기술 5단계 수준의 편대비행에 대한 연구가 수행되었다. 편대비행은 선행기와 추종기로 구성된 중앙 집중형 방식이 적용되었다. 편대비행 제어기는 3대의 추종기를 이용한 수치 시뮬레이션과 1대의 추종기를 이용한 하드웨어 기반 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증되었다. 본 논문에서는 제어기 설계 방법, 하드웨어 기반 시뮬레이션 시험, 그리고 시뮬레이션을 통한 성능 검증에 대해서 기술하였다.