• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.359-369
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• 2024

Korea prepares for potential floods by designating June 21st to September 20th as the flood season. However, many dams in Korea have suffered from extreme floods caused by different climate patterns, as in the case of the longest consecutive rain of 54 days in the 2020's flood season. In this context, various studies have tried to develop novel methodologies to reduce flood damage, but no study has ever dealt with the validity of the current statutory flood season thus far. This study first checked the validity of the current flood season through the observation data in the 21st century and proved that the current flood season does not consider the effects of increasing precipitation trends and the changing regional rainfall characteristics. In order to deal with these limitations, this study suggested seven new alternative flood seasons in the research area. The rigid reservoir operation method (ROM) was used for reservoir simulation, and the long short-term memory (LSTM) model was used to derive predicted inflow. Finally, all alternatives were evaluated based on whether if they exceeded the design discharge of the dam and the design flood of the river. As a result, the floods in the shifted period were reduced by 0.068% and 0.33% in terms of frequency and duration, and the magnitude also decreased by 24.6%, respectively. During this period, the second evaluation method also demonstrated that flood decreased from four to two occurrences. As the result of this study, the authors expect a formal reassessment of the flood season to take place, which will ultimately lead to the preemptive flood response to changing precipitation patterns.

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-45
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore tasks based on the current status of autonomous schools currently in operation. The research method used the method of literature research. In addition, the research contents were divided into the significance and development of autonomous schools, the types of autonomous schools, the current status of autonomous schools, and the areas of tasks. In the significance and development of autonomous schools, as alienation from standardized and standardized education occurred, autonomous schools with special cases for school and curriculum operation were systematically guaranteed for the improvement and development of the education system, including the school education system. Next, the types of autonomous schools were divided into general autonomous schools and Jeju autonomous schools. The general type is based on the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and the Jeju type is operated under the Jeju Special Act, and the contents are also different, so their characteristic aspects were examined. Finally, the current status and tasks of autonomous schools were discussed. The characteristic aspects of the general and Jeju types, which differ in legal basis and content, were examined, and tasks were presented accordingly. The tasks were presented as the large number of autonomous schools, the concentration by region and type, the use of special cases mainly on institutional aspects such as principal qualifications and school management committees, and the smoothness of manpower support in Jeju. As a result of these discussions, it was requested to operate a substantial autonomous school, not a formal autonomous school operation.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.165-178
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• 1999

Knitwears it was only for the innerwear, but which has become more available for sportswear and highly valuable formal-dresses for women's apparel and is set a trend toward high value-added products worldwide. Also the industry connected knitwears is more widely applicative than woven industry and is running on the well founded basement for the small enterprises. This study notes that what problems are caused and which utilities can be expected when we design knitwears by Primavision and Texpia CAD system considered the programs for development of domestic knitwears industry. There are much various benefits for designing knitwears from CAD system as shortening working hours, convenience, accuracy, quality control and productivity. It doesn't depend on designer's technique, sense and experiences, but provides, through building the design accuracy, chance to have a precise communication with buyers to be satisfied with the multiplicity, uniqueness and high-quality resulting from reducing the mistake on the operation. But there are some problems for using CAD design system those are no selections for the form, type and thickness of the yarn. Even though it is knitted by the same gauge, the texture conditions show complete difference if the form and thickness is different with. The gauge control without regarding those ought to be improved and the yarn designing function should be appended like in a tektite design. And the CAD design system can not reflect the variables of operating knitting machine and needle. The CAD design system provides the manufacturers with merits those they can change the colors easily to select which one appeals to the customer and check the effects of producing and modeling on monitor. But, in the each producing progress, there are still problems to reduce the practical steps, so intensive care is required of each part.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.229-234
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• 2014

Vehicular electronic communication system has continued to develop in favor of high performance and user convenience with the evolution of auto industry. Yet, due to the nature of communication system, concerns over intruder attacks in transmission sections have been raised with a need for safe and secure communication being valued. Any successful intruder attacks on vehicular operation and control systems as well as on visual equipment could result in serious safety and privacy problems. Thus, research has focused on hardware-based security and secure communication protocols. This paper proposed a safe and secure vehicular communication protocol, used the formal verification tool, Casper/FDR to test the security of the proposed protocol against different types of intruder attacks, and verified that the proposed protocol was secure and ended without problems.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.309-331
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• 2016

Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority(ACARA) was founded by Australian federal government in 2009. Leading under ACARA, national education curriculum development was propelled. Also from 2014 they gradually extended enforcement of new curriculum by a Reminder about new syllabus implementation (2013.01.29.). The research result of Australia's curriculum, and textbook shows that students repeat, and advance the same contents under spiral curriculum as they move to higher grade. They actively use digital technology, and also puts emphasis on practical context such as Money & financial mathematics. On the level of difficulty, or quantity aspect, Korea handles relatively advanced contents of 'number and operation' or 'Letters and Algebraic Expressions' domain than Australia. However on statistics domain, Australia not only puts more focus on practical stats than Korea, but also concerns as much on both various and qualitative terms Australia doesn't deal with formal concept of 'function'. However, they learn the wide concept of function by handling various graphs. This shows Australia has a point of similarity, and also difference to Korea on various angles.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.325-332
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• 2012

Due to its communication vulnerability resulting in a range of problems, e.g. eavesdropping, information exposure, traffic analysis and spoofing, RFID system becomes the target of attackers. Accordingly, many investigators have proposed various protocols to the extent of theorem proving or verification as the implementation is challenging. This paper thus proposes a safe RFID security protocol using public keys, session keys, hashes, XORs, and random numbers. Timestamps and hashes are applied to the most vulnerable section between readers and tags to detect attacks in attack signals with time difference. Also, to prevent tag information from being exposed in the last session, hash operation is adopted before communication. Finally, in this paper, we designed a RFID security protocol using public and session keys applicable to real systems and verified the security of the proposed protocol with a differentiated formal verification technique.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.283-300
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• 2011

Since elementary students are in the concrete operational stages, they have to learn mathematics using intuitive methods such as visualization, observation, operation, experiment instead of formal approach. For this, we should present the various intuitive methods in curriculum and textbook. It is because that curriculum and textbook are important tools to students when they study mathematics. So, this paper intended to analyze the instructional content by intuitive principle in elementary mathematics curriculum, textbook and curriculum guide. The results are as follows: there is an intuitive principle in only character of mathematics in curriculum. I can't find the intuitive principle in other areas in curriculum. There are 12 intuitive principles in figures area, 1 in measurement area, and 2 in probability and statistics area in curriculum guide. But intuitive principles which are used are inclined to restricted to intuitive principle via representation obtained in the usual experience. Finally, I suggest some implications about teaching via intuitive principles, curriculum, and writing textbook based on the this findings.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.11
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• pp.57-63
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• 1997

In the early 20'c, scientific thoughts make a change the absolute and separate concept of space-time into relative concept of continual entity; a kind of ideal world. It suggests that the meaning of geometry as absolute truth with which has endowed human beings would changed to a relative meaning of accumulation in intellectual work on 'nature'. This cognitive changes appeared into absolute arts in 20'c like Cubism, Superematism or Constructivism. De Stijl movement which had recepted the relative concepts like Einstein's 'theory of relativity' as a developed thought from Newton-Cartesian cognition on the world. Abstration would be adequate method for expressing the dynamics and interrelationship between forms and for giving values to indivisual elements in a compositiov. This method had appeared Modern architectural form, as a common framework. The expression characteristics of geometrical design in Deconstructive and Experimental architecture were summerized in four features through the results of the analysis. First, the relation of architectural element and intertextuality is expressed in discontinuation of context and refusal of functional building. Second, the concept of trace expresses as connection of place, decomposing of excavation of trace, trace of axis, trace of fragments. Third, anti-gravity expression is there to express of open cubic, to outgrow of rectangular system, to outgrow of volume, to separate of ground connectiov. Fourth, the complex composition of abstracted geometric form is these to abstracted geometry about indefinite shape, to layer through the overlap and collage, to de-meaning and amusement of form through the pursuit of uncertainty, to indeterminate of formal meaning through operation and composition of similar form cause to the diverse of meaning.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.71-79
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• 2009

This research understands semantics-system in contemporary space design as a poetic form. It provides that the possibility of various interpretation of space and makes to escape from insipid formal logic of compulsion uniform meaning. In order to unfold this argument, poetic semantics system has to be revealed using conversion of articulation factors in text of space(semantics and syntax). First of all, after setting up the articulation system of space language, we have to understand the conversion of articulation factors that generate a new grammar breaking up the rule of old syntax. And the various expression of form in Contemporary Space design focuses on a poetic expression, that is, the abstraction system fused by space factors(conversion of articulation system). In this method of research to recognize the subject of space in architecture, the importance of interpretation has to be highlighted, as the importance of language is emphasized that intermediates between object and interpretation. The reason to recognize Contemporary space design as a text is that it is a gathering of symbol as a object of interpretation and a mediator. The important issue of this study is to research how and what to transmit by poetic semantics system in contemporary space design. It brings about a poetic problem what it intends to becomes(the problem of meaning operation) in a narrow sense and a interpretational problem what it intends to do(the problem of communication). When we define interpretation the technique of defining a text, it involves the premise of inevitableness of multiple understanding, or the possibility to Interpret variously. In the end the ambiguity of poetic language and the infinity of moaning process as the moaning expansion system in contemporary space design is the flexible measure to solve the self-criticism.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2001

This paper presents the implementation of comparator which are Fail-Safe with respect to faults caused by any single physical defect likely to occur in NMOS and CMOS integrated circuit. The goal is to use it at the Fail-Safe system. First, a new fault model for PLA(Programmable Logic Array) is presented. This model reflects several physical defects in VLSI circuits. It focuses on designs based on PLA because VLSI chips are far too complex to allow detailed analysis of all the possible physical defects that can occur and of the effects on the operation of the circuit. Second, this paper show that these design, which was implemented with 2 level AND_ORor NOR-NOR circuit, are optimal in term of size. And it also present a formal proof that a comparator implemented as NOR-NOR PLA, based on these design, is self-testing with respect to most single faults in the presented fault model. Finally, it discuss the application of the self-testing comparator as a building block for implementing Fail-Safe Adder.