• International Journal of Safety
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2004

This paper introduces the software life-cycle V&V (verification and validation) tasks for the KNICS (Korea nuclear instrumentation and control system) project. The objectives of the V&V tasks are mainly to develop a programmable logic controller (PLC) for safety critical instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, and then to apply the PLC to developing the prototype of an engineered safety features-component control system (ESF-CCS) in nuclear power plants. As preparative works for the software V&V, various kinds of software plans and V&V task procedures have been developed according to the software life-cycle management. A number of software V&V tools have been adopted or developed to efficiently support the V&V tasks. The V&V techniques employed in this work include a checklist-based review and inspection, a requirement traceability analysis, formal verification, and life-cycle based software testing.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.123-136
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• 2013

시각적이고 비정형적인 구조로 표현된 휘처 모델(Feature model)은 구문적 명확성을 보장할 수 없고, 자동화 툴(tool)에 의한 구문(syntax)의 검증이 어렵다. 따라서, 휘처 모델이 가진 구조물의 구문적 명확성을 입증하기 위한 정형적 명세와 모델 검사(model checking)가 필요하다. 본 논문은 Z 언어를 이용한 휘처 모델의 정형적 명세와 모델 검사를 통해서, 휘처 모델의 정확성을 검사하는 기법을 제시한다. 이를 위해, 휘처 모델과 Z간 변환 규칙을 정의하고, 이 규칙에 의거하여 휘처 모델의 구문에 대해 Z 스키마(schema)로 명세한다. 모델 검사는 Z 스키마 명세에 대해 Z/Eves 툴을 사용하여 구문, 타입 검사(type checking), 그리고 도메인 검사(domain checking)를 수행하여 모델의 모호성을 검사한다. 이로서, 휘처 모델의 구조물을 좀더 명확하게 표현할 수 있으며, 설계된 모델의 오류를 검사할 수 있다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.191-203
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• 2013

정보 기술이 적용된 장비 및 운영 시스템의 발달로 실시간 운영 데이터를 수집할 수 있게 되었으며, 현재 많은 터미널이 생산성 분석을 위해 상세한 작업이력을 추적하고 있다. 터미널 운영자는 수집된 작업이력 데이터를 통해 운영 중 발생하는 문제점들을 해결할 수 있는 방안을 도출하기 원하지만, 방대한 양의 자료를 수작업으로 분석하기는 쉽지 않다. 본 연구에서는 터미널 운영 중 획득된 작업이력을 바탕으로 터미널 운영자가 원하는 컨테이너 터미널의 성능지표를 손쉽게 도출하기 위한 방안을 제시한다. 이를 위해 다양한 컨테이너 터미널의 환경과 운영 방식, 운영 장비 등을 지원하기 위해 범용적으로 사용될 수 있는 형식 프레임워크(formal framework)를 고안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 프레임워크는 컨테이너 처리 객체라는 개념을 기반으로 터미널 형태, 로그 데이터, 장비의 워크플로우, 통계 처리 및 보고서를 각각 정의하는 사용자 명세 부분으로 구성된다. 그리고 제안된 프레임워크를 기반으로 터미널 성능 분석 시스템을 개발하여 그 유효성을 검증하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to check the validation of an auto-analysis method combined with aqua regia digestion apparatus for improvement of water distillation method used as a fluorine test of soil. Fluorine contents of CaO used in the pretreatment course of water distillation method were 120 mg/kg ~ 5,064 mg/kg at the blank test, which was exceeded up to maximum 12.5 times of the soil standard, so it was estimated due to a effect of fluorine existing as impurities of CaO. The recovery test of the same samples indicated that water distillation method and auto-analysis method were 134.5mg/kg and 161.7mg/kg respectively, the recovery ratio of the latter was 16.8% higher than the formal. The validation test of two methods satisfied the standard, but auto analysis method was excellent more than distillation method. Also, auto analysis method could save a analysis time up to maximum 4.7 times by comparison with water distillation method.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2015

In this paper, we identify the characteristics of modeling and simulation (M&S) for military and defense and propose the method of verification, validation, and accreditation (VV&A) using the identified characteristics. M&S has been widely used for many different applications in military and defense, including training, analysis, and acquisition. Various methods and processes of VV&A have been proposed by researchers and M&S practitioners to guarantee the correctness of M&S. The notion of applying formal credibility assessment in VV&A originated in software engineering reliability testing and the systems engineering development process. However, the VV&A techniques and processes proposed for M&S by the research community have not addressed the characteristics and issues specific to military and defense. We first identify the characteristics and issues of military/defense M&S and then propose techniques and methods for VV&A that are specific for military/defense M&S. Possible approaches for the development of VV&A are also proposed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

The "3+3 Process" for safety critical software for nuclear power plants' I&C (Instrumentation and Control system) has been developed in this work. The main idea of the "3+3 Process" is both to simplify the software development and safety analysis in three steps to fulfill the requirements of a software safety plan [1]. The "3-Step" software development process consists of formal modeling and simulation, automated code generation and coverage analysis between the model and the generated source codes. The "3-Step" safety analysis consists of HAZOP (hazard and operability analysis), FTA (fault tree analysis), and DV (design validation). Put together, these steps are called the "3+3 Process". This scheme of development and safety analysis minimizes the V&V work while increasing the safety and reliability of the software product. For assessment of this process, validation has been done through prototyping of the SDS (safety shut-down system) #1 for PHWR (Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor).

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.346-376
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• 2018

Digital forensics is a vital part of almost every criminal investigation given the amount of information available and the opportunities offered by electronic data to investigate and evidence a crime. However, in criminal justice proceedings, these electronic pieces of evidence are often considered with the utmost suspicion and uncertainty, although, on occasions are justifiable. Presently, the use of scientifically unproven forensic techniques are highly criticized in legal proceedings. Nevertheless, the exceedingly distinct and dynamic characteristics of electronic data, in addition to the current legislation and privacy laws remain as challenging aspects for systematically attesting evidence in a court of law. This article presents a comprehensive study to examine the issues that are considered essential to discuss and resolve, for the proper acceptance of evidence based on scientific grounds. Moreover, the article explains the state of forensics in emerging sub-fields of digital technology such as, cloud computing, social media, and the Internet of Things (IoT), and reviewing the challenges which may complicate the process of systematic validation of electronic evidence. The study further explores various solutions previously proposed, by researchers and academics, regarding their appropriateness based on their experimental evaluation. Additionally, this article suggests open research areas, highlighting many of the issues and problems associated with the empirical evaluation of these solutions for immediate attention by researchers and practitioners. Notably, academics must react to these challenges with appropriate emphasis on methodical verification. Therefore, for this purpose, the issues in the experiential validation of practices currently available are reviewed in this study. The review also discusses the struggle involved in demonstrating the reliability and validity of these approaches with contemporary evaluation methods. Furthermore, the development of best practices, reliable tools and the formulation of formal testing methods for digital forensic techniques are highlighted which could be extremely useful and of immense value to improve the trustworthiness of electronic evidence in legal proceedings.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2009

암호알고리즘 및 암호함수를 하드웨어적 또는 소프트웨어적으로 구현한 암호모듈을 암호모듈검증체계 (Cryptographic Module Validation Program, CMVP) 내에서 시험 (또는 인증, 검증)을 받기 위해서는 암호모듈에 대한 유한상태모델(Finite State Model, FSM) 이 개발되고 제공되어야한다. 그러나 FSM을 체계적으로 모델링하고 분석하는 지침은 개발자와 시험자의 경험이므로 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 CMVP내에서 암호모듈의 검증을 위해 요구되는 FSM의 모델링, 분석지침, 천이시험경로 생성알고리즘을 제시하고 모델링도구인 CM-Statecharter를 개발하였다. FSM은 UML 2.0의 상태도를 이용해 모델링한다. 상태도는 FSM의 부족한 점 을 보완하고 암호모듈의 FSM을 정형적이고 쉽게 명세할 수 있는 모델이다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.157-171
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• 1999

In this work, an automatic software verification method for Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) protection system is developed. This method utilizes Colored Petri Net (CPN) for system modeling and Prototype Verification System (PVS) for mathematical verification. In order to help flow-through from modeling by CPN to mathematical proof by PVS, an information extractor from CPN models has been developed in this work. In order to convert the extracted information to the PVS specification language, a translator also has been developed. ML that is a higher-order functional language programs the information extractor and translator. This combined method has been applied to a protection system function of Wolsong NPP SDS2(Steam Generator Low Level Trip). As a result of this application, we could prove completeness and consistency of the requirement logically. Through this work, in short, an axiom or lemma based-analysis method for CPN models is newly suggested in order to complement CPN analysis methods and a guideline for the use of formal methods is proposed in order to apply them to NPP Software Verification and Validation.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.265-286
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• 1997

This paper presents a new software development environment that supports an integrated methodology for covering all phases of software development and gives integrated methods with tools for ITUT (Telecommunication Standardization Section of the International Telecommunication Union) languages. The design of the environment to improve software productivity and quality is based on five main concepts: 1) formal specifications based on SDL (Specification and Description Language) and MSC (Message Sequence Charts) in the design phase, 2) verification and validation of those designs by tools, 3) automatic code generation and a safe separate compilation scheme based on CHILL (CCITT High-Level Language) to facilitate programming-in-the-many and programming-in-the-large. 4) debugging of distributed real-time concurrent CHILL programs, and 5) simulation of application software for integrated testing on the host machine based on CHILL. The application results of the environment compared with other approaches show that the productivity is increased by 19 % because of decreasing implementation and testing cost, and the quality is increased by 83 % because of the formal specifications with its static and dynamic checking facilities.