• Title/Summary/Keyword: Form design

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Analysis of Form and Space Changes in Design Process of Free-form Architecture of Culture-Related Facilities in South Korea

  • Ha, Jihee;Jung, Sungwon;Baek, Hyemi;Lee, Hyunjee;Nguyen, Khoa Tan
    • Architectural research
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.157-166
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    • 2014
  • This research investigates the design process of free-form architecture to understand the design strategy and changing factors during the development phase and the cause for them. It is aimed to foresee the changing factors from the design process and to reduce design changes. It analyzes the design changes of free-form architecture based on projects with finalized documentation or under construction in South Korea. Many free-form shapes of the free-form architectures have to be adjusted to rigid-form in order to satisfy function and be economical to build. The research finds three patterns in design changes. First, from the factors for design changes: function, constructability, design, program add/subtract, efficiency, circulation; Function and Constructability are the higher factors compared with the rest. The two are the design changes suitable for actual usage and cost savings. Second, each project has different predominant factors for design changes as the degree of free-form is different. Contrary to initial expectation, the greater the degrees of free-form of the competition scheme, the higher the rate of Function among the factors for design changes. Constructability is higher when the degree of the free-form is less than others. It means that the lower the degree of the free-form, the more properly planned the space of the building is. Last, Constructability of free-form architecture is considered during the earlier design phase than definite-form, one by which the design changes by comparing 'Before fixed Space Program' (BSP) and 'After fixed Space Program' (ASP) design changes. The research would be helpful as a reference for setting up competition guidelines to reduce trial and error during the design process.

Essay on Form and Function Design (디자인의 형태와 기능에 관한 연구)

  • 이재국
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.63-97
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    • 1989
  • There is nothing more important than the form and function in design, because every design product can be done on the basis of them. Form and Function are already existed before the word of design has been appeared and all the natural and man-made things' basic organization is based on their organic relations. The organic relations is the source of vitality which identifies the subsistance of all the objects and the evolution of living creatures has been changed their appearances by the natural law and order. Design is no exception. Design is a man-made organic thing which is developed its own way according to the purposed aim and given situations. If so, what is the ultimate goal of design. It is without saying that the goal is to make every effort to contribute to the -human beings most desirable life by the designer who is devoting himself to their convenience and well-being. Therefore, the designer can be called the man of rich life practitioner. This word implies a lot of meanings since the essence of design is improving the guality of life by the man-made things which are created by the designer. Also, the things are existed through the relations between form and function, and the things can keep their value when they are answered to the right purpose. In design, thus, it is to be a main concern how to create valuable things and to use them in the right way, and the subject of study is focused on the designer's outlook of value and uk relations between form and function. Christopher Alexander mentioned the importance of form as follows. The ultimate object of design is form. Every design problem begins with an effort to achieve fittness between the form and its context. The form is the solution to the problem: the context defmes the problem. In other words, when we speak of design, the real object of discussion is not form alone, but the ensemble comprising the form and its context. Good fit is a desirable property of this ensemble which relates to some particular division of the ensemble into form and context. Max Bill mainatined how important form is in design. Form represents a self-contained concept, and its embodiment in an object results in that object becoming a work of art. Futhermore, this explains why we use form so freguently in a comparative sense for determining whether one thing is less or more beautiful than another, and why the ideal of absolute beauty is always the standard by which we appraise form, and through form, art itself. Hence form has became synonymous with beauty. On the other hand, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy stated the importance of function as follows. Function means the task an object is designed to fulfill the task instrument is shaping the form. Unfortunately, this principle was not appreciated at the same time but through the endeavors of Frank Lloyd Wright and of the Bauhaus group and its many collegues in Europe, the idea of functionalism became the keynote of the twenites. Functionalism soon became a cheap slogan, however, and its original meaning blurred. It is neccessary to reexamine it in the light of present circumstances. Charles William Eliot expressed his idea on the relations between function and beauty. Beauty often results chiefly from fittness: indeed it is easy to manitain that nothing is fair except what is fit its uses or functions. If the function of the product of a machine be useful and valuable, an the machine be eminently fit for its function, it conspicuously has the beauty of fittness. A locomotive or a steamship has the same sort of beauty, derived from the supreme fittness for its function. As functions vary, so will those beauty..vary. However, it is impossible to study form and function in separate beings. Function can't be existed without form, and without function, form is nothing. In other words, form is a function's container, and function is content in form. It can be said that, therefore, the form and function are indispensable and commensal individuals which have coetemal relations. From the different point of view, sometimes, one is more emphasized than the other, but in this case, the logic is only accepted on the assumption of recognizing the importance of the other's entity. The fact can be proved what Frank Hoyd wright said that form and function are one. In spite of that, the form and function should be considered as independent indivisuals, because they are too important to be treated just as the simple single one. Form and function have flexible properties to the context. In other words, the context plays a role as the barometer to define the form and function, also which implies every meaning of surroun'||'&'||'not;dings. Thus, design is formed under the influence of situations. Situations are dynamic, like the design process itself, in which fixed focus can be cripping. Moreover, situations control over making the good design. Judging from the respect, I defined the good design in my thesis An Analytic Research on Desigh Ethic, "good design is to solve the problem by the most proper way in the situations." Situations are changeable, and so is design. There is no progress without change, but change is not neccessarily progress. It is highly desirable that there changes be beneficial to mankind. Our main problem is to be able to discriminate between that which should be discarded and that which should be kept, built upon, and improved. Form and Function are no exception. The practical function gives birth to the inevitable form and the $$\mu$ti-classified function is delivered to the varieties of form. All of these are depended upon changeable situations. That is precisely the situations of "situation de'||'&'||'not;sign", the concept of moving from the design of things to the design of the circumstances in which things are used. From this point of view, the core of form and function is depended upon how the designer can manage it efficiently in given situations. That is to say that the creativity designer plays an important role to fulfill the purpose. Generally speaking, creativity is the organization of a concept in response to a human need-a solution that is both satisfying and innovative. In order to meet human needs, creative design activities require a special intuitive insight which is set into motion by purposeful imagination. Therefore, creativity is the most essential quality of every designer. In addition, designers share with other creative people a compulsive ingenuity and a passion for imaginative solutions which will meet their criteria for excellence. Ultimately, it is said that the form and function is the matter which belongs to the desire of creative designers who constantly try to bring new thing into being to create new things. In accordance with that the main puppose of this thesis is to catch every meaning of the form and function and to close analyze their relations for the promotion of understanding and devising practical application to gradual progression in design. The thesis is composed of four parts: Introduction, Form, Function and Conclusion. Introduction, the purpose and background of the research are presented. In Chapter I, orgin of form, perception of form, and classification of form are studied. In Chapter II, generation of function, development of function, and diversification of function are considered. Conclusion, some concluding words are mentioned.ioned.

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Study on Process Development of Furniture Design Class by Fusing 3D Form Study (입체조형 실습을 연계한 가구디자인 수업 개발을 위한 사례연구)

  • In, Chi Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.165-172
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    • 2014
  • 3D form study is one of basic subjects in industrial design education. There are an array of textbooks of visual art, design and architecture, most of which address basic geometrical form study and abstract forms. With the introduction of computerization, current trends are directed to reduce basic form education and students' participation in classes and their accomplishments. This study was intended to develop works under a theme of furniture design with concrete shapes and functions. This study focused on developing relevant process by fusing 3D form study and furniture design which fall into basic design and design studio subjects, respectively. Among 3D form studies, applied were a concept of 3D configuration that explores the relations between surface forms and 3D forms. Furniture design is a challenge to students at beginner or intermediate level in basic design education from initial devising stage to production in kind. To ease high level of difficulties at designing and producing stages, technical education was systematized in the process of conceptualizing, developing idea and production. This type of challenge was carried out during separate semesters, along with a case study done to develop different types of challenges. This study helped students to be motivated and actively participate in classes and well perform advanced form study and technical training from design to actual production.

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A Study on Digital design process of the materialization of Free form Design Architecture (비정형 건축 구현을 위한 디지털 디자인 프로세스에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jae-Kook;Lee, Kang-Bok
    • Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2011
  • Starting in modern times by Le Corbusier, architectures made by concretes are still developing in these times. For several decades, the shape of box architecture has been the most familiar type of buildings. Of course "The concrete is the type of box building" isn't always right, but what we have most seen was the buildings which has been stylized and made by concretes. Through modern times to these days based on international style and functionalism, the type of box building was the most effective and good profit type of architecture which has not disregarded the capitalism. Free-form building are becoming a common place, and many of these are designed and constructed using sophisticated techniques. The main technique being used is Generative Technology of Form for free-form construction. People's interest is growing in this, and it is becoming widely used both abroad and domestically. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of Generative Technology of Form which is a digitally adapted design methodology in architecture. The digital design process used for contemporary buildings share many typical features that exist within a standard digital template, but also an increasing amount of mass customization that has to be produced at an additional cost. This paper will summarize these features in terms of free-form architecture, and in terms of the digital design process. In fact, 3D models have to be conceded as main design products considering features of Free Form Design Architecture. However it is practical to design twice over, because all forms of architectural drawings are 2D. From now on, design of Free Form Design Building is not to separate between design process and practical process, but to compound them as unified design system applied the process to communicate information interactively. For this, it should be required to impose unified digital design process and perform researches about effective way to apply in the field of Free-form Design Architecture.

Methodology of Selecting FormFactor in the Early Design of Mobile Phone (휴대전화 초기설계에서의 형태인자 선정 방법론)

  • Lee, Kyung-Soo;Kim, Min-Soo;Cha, Sung-Woon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.27 no.11
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 2010
  • FormFactors is one of the most critical design factors in early development of mobile phone, and proper selection of FormFactors is necessary for smoothness of product development and customer satisfaction. Especially, emergence of mobile convergence added so various functions besides its original call function that importance of selecting FormFactors has increased because multiform FormFactors are needed. However there is problem such as frequent change of decision making in existing process because established process picks out FormFactors sensibly and arbitrarily through idea pull and so forth. We proposed FormFactors selection process by Axiomatic Design, set approach method and block approach method for reasonable and systematical FormFactors selection. First of all, we set the purpose of mobile phone development, and it is examined by Axiomatic Design. FormFactors design matrix is deduced through this process, the numbers of axes and rails are proposed using set approach method, and then patterns of FormFactors are embodied by block approach method. Particularly process application was tried through case study of mobile phone development, and we ensured that new FormFactors can be presented to a designer by systematical verification if change of customer requirements occurs through our process.

Process of Thinking on the Form in Product Design (제품디자인의 형용사고과정)

  • 조종호
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 1991
  • Process of thinking on the form in product design includes the process in which unclear requirements are transformed into defined concepts, and the process in which the design as a form conforming to the concepts in conc1uded.(The former is called fconceptualizationJ which deals with abstract matters, and the latter "manipulation of the formJ which deals with more embodied matters) In conceptualization process the operation which transform the diverse requirements in the initial phase of de\ulcornersign to related linguistic expressions or to an image that directly suggests the form is executed. In the process of manipulation of the form the transformation to design as the description of relationships between the formal elements of the design solution resulted from the transformed requirements. It is the job of selecting the most suitable formal elements, balancing the relationships between them, out 01 the possibilities that reside in the individual attributes of formal elements, and finally leading to the design as the end solution. This writing focuses down to the wilfulness and ambiguity of design, and the diversity of design solution after the requirements, formal elements, and the process of relating the formal attributes to each other is built up the two phases.ases.

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A Study on the Form-Language in Product Design -Focus on the Example of the Study from Industrial Designer- (제품디자인의 조형언어에 대한 연구 -산업디자이너의 연구사례를 중심으로-)

  • 정충모;이재용
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.243-254
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    • 2003
  • This research, we will begin our analysis of the types of research example of designers by the linguistic studies of products form. Specially, we had a mind to generate the linguistic concept of products form by the linguistic relations between tools and thinking, and analysed how activate the roles of form language in linguistic and non-linguistic areas. We understood the relations of design process about idea generation, same means of interpretation of form and the generation of form concept, by using of the roles of form language made in design process. We showed the research examples of Enzo Mari and the origins of form language in view point of design history. Also, we classified the form linguistic concerns of designers and scholars interested in design areas by dividing various factors in view point of language. Finally, through the process of this classification, the researches of form language call for further study, as more the examples of detailed design practises and the individualized form language of products than systematic researches and abstract theories about products, and emphasized this viewpoint, we suggest a going-on research theme, the individualized products' differences of form language and concerns viewpoint of inter-culture, the concept generation of form language of products can be inter-coexistent.

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A Study on A-formal in Furniture Design Form Creation (가구디자인 형태창출에 있어서 비정형에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Young Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.301-313
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    • 2015
  • This study purposes on continuing experimental research of furniture form creation focused on the importance and necessity for a-formal concept for designers to drift away from general acknowledgement and practice routine to design more radical forms for meeting various needs of late industrialized society, which have not been satisfied with formal and universal designs. This study covers presenting new points of view on research for designers to look for different solutions to widen their consideration in the process of furniture form development and to set up academic data base with the case studies of designers in anti-construction concept to define their experimental challenges for new design form creation, on the basis of overall research on the effects and roles of a-formal approach in the furniture design form creation.

A Study on Free-form Design Shape Creation through Geometric Transformation of Digital Design Tool (디지털디자인도구의 Geometry 변형을 통한 비정형 디자인 형태 생성 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Sang-Jun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.306-317
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    • 2016
  • Both the formal type of architecture and free-form architecture have basic factors and methods for basic expression. Because the use of digital design tools for creation of free-form design mostly depends on the character and ability of designer, this study aims to propose establishment of free-form design creation method as a prototype, including the method to create free-form design, through setting up rules that can be used in common. This study is carried out on the basis of the application of digital design tools used for creation of conceptual free-form styles at the phase of conceptualization and development, which is different from the general theory of free-from design. The free-from style in the modern architecture has begun with the changes in digital design tools and design concepts. In the case study based on the free-form designs in precedent studies, the morphological characteristics have been analyzed and interpreted by using the language of digital design tools, so that this study will suggest the techniques to realize the free-form style on the basis of geometric transformation by using the digital design tools, as well.