• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.660-670
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• 2014

The Korean plum yew (Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai) is a shade-tolerant, coniferous shrub. The seeds have been used as a folk medicine in Korea, and an alkaloid extract (HTT) is known to have anticancer properties. We estimated the genetic diversity of 429 trees in 16 populations in South Korea using 194 polymorphic amplicons from seven combinations of AFLP primer-restriction enzymes. The average number of effective alleles and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 1.37 and 79.4%, respectively. Shannon's diversity index and the expected heterozygosity were 0.344 and 0.244, respectively. We divided 16 populations into four groups on the UPGMA dendrogram and the PCA biplot. The first two principal components explained 84% of the total genetic variation. Genetic differentiation between populations explained 14% of total genetic variation, and the remaining 86% came from difference between individuals within populations, as determined by an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). However, the genetic differentiation did not correlate with the geographic distance between populations from the Mantel test. The Bayesian statistics, which are comparable to Wright's $F_{ST}$ and Nei's $G_{ST}$, were ${\theta}^I=0.406$ and ${\theta}^{II}=0.172$, respectively. The population genetic diversity was slightly lower, and the strength of genetic differentiation was much weaker, than the average of those plants having similar life histories, as assessed using arbitrary marker systems. We discuss strategies for the genetic conservation of the plum yew in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.508-516
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• 2023

Germination, growth characteristics, and content of useful components were analyzed through GA₃ treatment of Angelica acutiloba (Siebold & Zucc.) Kitagawa seeds, to provide basic data for cultivation technology. The moisture absorption rate of the seeds was 62.07% after 2 hours of soaking, and the highest value was 122.15% after 48 hours. The appropriate seed germination temperature for the species ranged from 10℃ to 25℃. It was confirmed that the growth of seedlings increased as the GA₃ concentration increased, but there was no significant difference in the content of useful components according to the GA₃ treatment.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.93-93
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• 2020

본 연구는 7년, 13년근 산양삼의 생육특성과 진세노사이드(G) 함량 간의 상관관계를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 6개소의 산양삼의 생육특성을 조사한 결과, 뇌두길이, 뿌리길이, 생중량, 단면적, 표면적, 부피에 있어 13년근 산양삼이 7년근 산양삼에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 것을 확인하였다. 진세노사이드11종에 대한 함량은 G-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2 함량이 13년근 산양삼이 7년근 산양삼 보다 유의적으로 높은 수치를 확인하였다. 또한 산양삼과 인삼(재배삼) 진세노사이드 함량을 비교한 결과, 13년 산양삼에서 G-Rb1, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1이 4년, 5년근 인삼(재배삼)에 비해 유의적으로 함량이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 산양삼 연근별 생육특성과 진세노사이드 함량 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, G-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2 함량은 뇌두길이, 생중량, 단면적, 표면적, 부피와 유의정인 정의 상관관계를 보였으며, G-Rb1, Re, Rf, Rg2는 줄기직경과 부의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 산양삼의 7년근과 13년근을 대상으로 생육특성과 진세노사이드 함량 상관관계를 구명함으로써 연근에 따른 품질규격 정립에 유용한 정보를 제공 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.45-45
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• 2022

일당귀[Angelica acutiloba (Siebold & Zucc.) Kitagawa]는 산형과(Apiaceae), 당귀속(Angelica)에 속하는 다년생 식물로 일본이 원산지다. 국내에서는 참당귀(A. gigas)와 더불어 뿌리를 약용의 목적으로 재배하며, 잎과 줄기는 쌈채소로 이용하는 작물 중 하나이다. 본 연구의 목적은 일당귀에 대한 GA₃ 처리 및 온도에 따른 발아특성을 분석하여 약용 및 식용으로 활용도가 높은 일당귀의 재배 및 생산에 대한 기초자료로 사용함에 있다. 연구에 사용된 일당귀의 종자는 강원도 태백시에 위치하는 일당귀 재배농가에서 2021년 10월에 채종한 종자를 구입하여 실험에 사용하였고, 종자의 수분흡수율과 다온도 종자발아기를 활용하여 GA₃농도 4조건(50 ppm, 100 ppm, 500 ppm, 1,000 ppm), 온도 6조건(5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃)에 따른 발아특성을 조사하였다. 연구결과 일당귀 종자 100립의 초기 무게 0.264 g에서 증류수 침지 2시간이 경과 후 약 60 %의 무게가 증가한 0.424 g으로 증가하였고, 이후 5 %내외의 수분흡수율을 보이며 48시간 경과 후 약 120% 증가한 0.587 g을 나타냈으며, 이후 72시간 경과 후 0.582 g으로 측정되어 일당귀 종자의 수분포화도는 약 120%정도 내외로 사료된다. GA₃농도 및 온도에 따른 발아율은 500 ppm의 GA₃농도에서 가장 높은 75.63 %의 발아율을 나타냈으며, 15 ℃와 20 ℃의 온도에서 가장 높은 77.6 %의 발아율을 나타냈다. 하지만 각각의 GA₃농도 및 온도에 따른 발아율은 500 ppm의 GA₃농도, 10 ℃의 온도 처리구에서 가장 높은 89.9 %의 발아율을 나타냈으며, 5 ℃의 온도 처리구에서는 모든 GA₃처리구에서 발아가 진행되지 않았다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2015

The objective of this study is in investigating the research for more accurately quantify the information on mountain forest by using the data on high density LiDAR. For the quantitative analysis of mountain forest resources, we investigated the method to acquire the data on high density LiDAR and extract mountain forest resources. Consequently, the height and girth of a tree each mountain forest resources could be extracted by using the data on high density LiDAR. When using the data on low density LiDAR of 2.5points/m² in average used to produce digital map, it was difficult to extract the exact height and girth of mountain forest resources. If using the data on high density LiDAR of 7points/m² by considering topography, the property of mountain forest resources, data capacity and process velocity, etc, it was found that multitudinous entities could be extracted. It was found that mountain topography and mixed topography were generally denser than plane topography and multitudinous mountain forest resources could be extracted. Furthermore, it was also found that the entity at the border could not be extracted, when each partition was individually processed and the area should be subdivided and extracted by considering the process time and property of target area rather than processing wide area at once. We expect to be studied more profoundly the absorption quantity of greenhouse gas later by using information on mountain forest resources in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.2
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• pp.226-235
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• 2012

Floristic composition and phytosociological studies in Mt. Gwaebyung and Galmi-Bong were investigated to classify forest vegetation and distribution of vascular plants. We investigated two study sites from April to September, 2011. Total 477 taxa with 93 families, 279 genera, 408 species, 4 subspecies, 56 varieties and 9 forms were distributed in Mt. Gwaebyung and Galmi-Bong. Korean endemic species were composed of 8 families with 11 genera and 11 species. The plant species which is designated as protected species by the Ministry of Environment, Korea was 2 families, 2 genera and 2 species. Also plant species which is designated by the Korea National Arboretum was 16 taxa with 13 families, 14 genera, 15 species and 1 variety. A naturalized plants were 17 taxa. The Naturalization index and Urbanization index were 3.6% and 5.3% respectively. Pteridophyta-calculation (Pte-Q) was 1.00. Life form spectra was $H-D_4-R_5-e$ type and the highest percentage of useful plant resources were medicinal plant (77.5%). The forest vegetation in Mt. Gwaebyung and Galmi-bong was classified into 1 order, 1 alliance and 4 communities; Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongoliaceae, Lindero-Quercion mongolicae, Quercus mongolica Typical Community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica Community, Larix kaempferi Community and Sasa borealis-Quercus mongolica Community.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.697-703
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• 2022

Under the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in immune enhancement is increasing. Although the immune-enhancing activity of plants of the genus Hibiscus has been reported, there is no study on the immune-enhancing activity of H. syriacus. Thus, in this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing activity of Hibiscus syriacus leaves (HSL) in mouse macrophages, RAW264.7 cells, and immunosuppressed mice. HSL increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and activated the phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. The HSL-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors was dependent on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in RAW264.7 cells. In the immunosuppressed mouse model, HSL increased the spleen index, the levels of the cytokines, and the numbers of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes. Taken together, HSL may be considered to have immune-enhancing activity and be expected to be used as a potential immune-enhancing agent.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.5
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• pp.770-776
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• 2010

This study was conducted to assess the existing flora and fauna, and to develop a spatial map of Alapang communal forest located in the province of Benguet, Philippines. A total of 52 species belonging to 27 families were identified during the inventory in this communal forest using the quadrat method while a total of 30 species belonging to 18 families were recorded using line intercept technique for the assessment of grasses, herbs, vines and other low-lying vegetation. The diversity index of the species in Alapang communal forests using the quadrat method was 2.6649 while for the line intercept technique it was 2.5446. The most dominant species in this area was found to be Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon (Benguet pine) under Family Pinaceae with an importance value of 106.74%. In the faunal assessment, four species of birds and a small mammal particularly a rodent were identified during the study. Aside from the high species diversity of this communal forest, the presence of endemic and indicator species in the area denotes that this forest was still in good condition hence must be protected. Spatial maps and database system were generated based from data gathered in the field using Geographic Information System (GIS).

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.328-330
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• 2003

The land cover of burned area has changed dramatically since Daxinganling forest fire in Northeastern China during May 6 ? June 4, 1987. This research focused on determining the burn severity and assessment of forest recovery. Burned severity was classified into three levels from June 1987 Landsat TM data acquired just after the fire. A regression model was established between the forest canopy closure from 1999 forest stand map and the NDVI values from June 2000 Landsat ETM+ data. The map of canopy closure was got according to the regression model. And vegetation cover was classified into four types according to forest closure density. The change matrix was built using the classified map of burn severity and vegetation recovery. Then the change conversions of every forest type were analyzed. Results from this research indicate: forest recovery status is well in most of burned scars; and vegetation change detection can be accomplished using postclassification comparison method.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.5
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• pp.503-509
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• 2007

The major objective of this study was to analyze the difference of the chemical characteristics of acid deposition in Quercus forests in Korea and Japan. The pH values of rainfall at the experimental forest of Kangwon National University (KS site) were higher than those at the Foresta Hills in Japan (JP site), and all chemical contents of throughfall and stemflow were much higher than those of rainfall in Quercus forest stands at the KS and JP site. The pH values, $Ca^{2+}$, $NO_3{^-}$ and $SO{_4}^{2-}$ concentration of throughfall and stemflow at the KS site showed seasonal variation. While at the JP site, the same pattern was shown in the pH values of throughfall and stemflow, however, did not show any difference among seasons. Also, the annual input of all nutrients in these two contrasting forests varied seasonally. These results can be used to predict the amounts of air pollutant that are washed off and leached by the rainfall and Yellow Sand (Asian dust), including NOx and SOx acid pollutants transported easterly from China in the spring. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the inputs of dry and wet deposition throughout a full year to gain a more complete understanding of the effects of acid deposition on the nutrient cycles in these forest ecosystems.