• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is on identifying vegetation change through monitoring representative complementary village forests according to different management. For this, two of complementary village forests around Mai mountain which many ones remain were selected. Those are complementary village forests of Seochon and Wonyeonjang. Seochon forest is a representative one which is managed naturally and Wonyeonjang one is a representative one which is managed artificially. The field survey for monitoring was preformed in 2002 and 2007, 2016. D(Dominant degree) and S(Sociability degree) were measured by Brown-Blanquet's method in field survey. Through the analysis and review of survey data, the change of species richness, appearing species characteristics, species composition and layer structure etc. according to different management was monitored. As a result, it can be seen that natural succession has increased species diversity, improved vegetation structure and circulation of complementary village forest. On the other hand, excessive anthropomorphic management was found to be detrimental to the health of the forests and to the vegetation structure and species composition. And it was found that excessive management threaten sustainability and periodical proper management is necessary. Through this review, the useful management direction of complementary village forests was suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• 제89권3호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2000

This study was conducted to develop an on-line monitoring system for a forest hydrological environment and its meteorological condition, such as temperature, wind direction and speed, rainfall and water level on V-notch, electrical conductivity(EC), potential of hydrogen(PH) by the motor drive sensor unit and measurement with a single-chip microprocessor as controller. These results are summarized as follows ; 1. The monitoring system consists of a signal process unit, motor drive sensor unit, radio modem unit and power supply. 2. The motor drive sensor unit protects the sensor from swift current or freezing and can constantly maintain fixed water level during measurements. 3. This monitoring system can transfer the data by radio modem. Additionally, this system can monitor hydrological conditions in real time. 4. The hardware was made of several modules with an independent CPU. They can be mounted, removed, repaired and added to. Their function can be changed and expanded. 5. These are the result of an accuracy test, the values of temperature, EC and pH measured within an error range of ${\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$, ${\pm}1{\mu}S$ and ${\pm}0.1pH$ respectively. 6. This monitoring system proved to be able to measure various factors for a forest hydrological environment in various experimental stations.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.299-319
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• 2016

The National Forest Inventory (NFI) is important for providing fundamental data for basic forest planning and the establishment of forest policies for the purpose of implementing sustainable forest management. The purpose of this study is to present the development of Korea's NFI including legal basis, sampling design, and measured variables and to review the usage of NFI data. The survey methods and forestry statistics among the Unites States, Canada, Japan, China, and European countries were briefly compared. Total 140 publications utilizing NFI data between 2008 and 2015 were categorized with 15 subjects. Korea has conducted the NFI 6 times since 1971, but only the $6^{th}$ NFI is comparable with the fifth, the previous NFI, because the permanent sampling plots have been shared between the periods. The Korean Forestry Statistics contains only half as many variables as that of advanced countries in Forestry. More researches were needed to improve consistent measurement of diverse variables through implementation of advanced technologies. Additional data for Forest Health Monitoring since the NFI $6^{th}$ must be under quality control which will be an essential part of the inventories for providing the chronological change of forest health.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2005

Groundwater plays an important role in water and carbon cycles in Gwangneung forest watershed located in a complex landscape. Because groundwater affects electrical resistivity (ER) of underground materials, the depth to water table and water content in subsurface can be investigated through measuring ER. Accordingly, the ER survey has been employed more frequently in recent hydrological investigations. Quantitative applications of the results of ER survey will contribute significantly to the examination of water budget closure at various spatiotemporal scales. This paper presents the preliminary results of the ER survey conducted at Gwangneung forest watershed to determine proper locations and depths of monitoring wells. Such use of ER survey, in conjunction with an integrated geophysical investigation and geographic information system, can provide more effective examination of underground structure and optimal locations of monitoring wells to further our understanding of the role of groundwater.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 한국작물학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.107-109
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• 2000

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 한국농림기상학회 2019년도 하계 학술발표초록집
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• pp.293-294
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• 2019

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 한국정보기술응용학회 2005년도 6th 2005 International Conference on Computers, Communications and System
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• pp.123-126
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• 2005

Wireless Sensor Networks will revolutionize applications such as environmental monitoring, home automation, and logistics. We developed forest fire surveillance system. In this paper, Considering the fact that in Korea, during November to May, forest fires occur very frequently causing catastrophic damages on the valuable environment, Although exists other forest fire surveillance system such as surveillance camera tower, infrared ray sensor system and satellite system. Preexistence surveillance system can't real-time surveillance, monitoring, database and automatic alarm. But, forest fire surveillance system(FFSS) support above. In this paper, we describes a system development approach for a wireless sensor network based FFSS that is to be used to measure temperature and humidity as well as being fitted with a smoke detector. Such a device can be used as an early warning fire detection system and real-time surveillance in the area of a bush fire or endangered public infrastructure. Once the system has being development, a mesh network topology will be implemented with the chosen sensor node with the aim of developing a sophisticated mesh network.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.536-546
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• 2022

A society will lose a lot of something in this field when the forest fire broke out. If a forest fire can be detected in advance, damage caused by the spread of forest fires can be prevented early. So, we studied how to detect forest fires using CCTV currently installed. In this paper, we present a deep learning-based model through efficient image data construction for monitoring forest fire smoke, which is unstructured data, based on the deep learning model YOLOv5. Through this study, we conducted a study to accurately detect forest fire smoke, one of the amorphous objects of various forms, in YOLOv5. In this paper, we introduce a method of self-learning by producing insufficient data on its own to increase accuracy for unstructured object recognition. The method presented in this paper constructs a dataset with a fixed labelling position for images containing objects that can be extracted from the original image, through the original image and a model that learned from it. In addition, by training the deep learning model, the performance(mAP) was improved, and the errors occurred by detecting objects other than the learning object were reduced, compared to the model in which only the original image was learned.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2019

This study was carried out to verify the accuracy of fitness tracking devices in monitoring heart rate and energy consumption and to contribute to the development of a forest exercise program that can recommend the intensity and amount of forest exercises based on personal health-related data and provide monitoring and feedback on forest exercises. Among several commercially available wearable devices, Fitbit was selected for the research, as it provides Open API and data collected by Fitbit can be utilized by third parties to develop programs. Fitbit provides users with various information collected during forest exercises including exercise time and distance, heart rate, energy consumption, as well as the altitude and slope of forests collected by GPS. However, in order to verify the usability of the heart rate and energy consumption data collected by Fitbit in forest, the accuracy of heart rate and energy consumption were verified by comparing the data collected by Fitbit and reference. In this study, 13 middle-aged women were participated, and it was found that the heart rate measured by Fitbit showed a very low error rate and high correlation with that measured by the reference. The energy consumption measured by Fitbit was not significantly different from that measured in the reference, but the error rate was slightly higher. However, there was high correlation between the results measured by Fibit and the reference, therefore, it can be concluded that Fitbit can be utilized in developing actual forest exercise programs.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.1031-1034
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• 2005

This paper introduces a novel sensor network protocol, R-WSLP(Realtime Wireless Sensor Line Protocol), which has extremely low latency characteristic in large-scale WSN. R-WSLP is proposed to implement realtime forest fire monitoring system. We propose Distributed TDMA method for the multiple channel access and Time Synchronized Forwarding Mechanism instead of routing technique to achieve low latency network. Also, R-WSLP provides extremely low power operation which we accomplished by reducing idle listening. In our experimentation, we get successful results at the forest fire monitoring system with our protocol.