• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.392-394
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• 2021

A 33-year-old man presented to the plastic surgery department for foreign body removal 1 month after the insertion of a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor (Dexcom G5) in the left upper arm. The patient had used the CGM system for 5 years, and the insertion was done in the usual manner. The entire sensor wire was visible on simple radiography and ultrasonography. In the operating room, and the sensor wire was identified in the intermuscular septum and removed. No foreign body reaction or inflammatory signs were found around the CGM, and the extracted wire measured 2.5 cm. Thus, it was assumed that the whole sensor wire was detached from the transmitter, not fractured. No remnant foreign body was observed on follow-up simple radiography.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.647-649
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• 2016

The device for intervertebral assisted motion (DIAM) is a dynamic implant that consists of a silicone bumper enveloped by a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber sack. Silicone and PET were used because of their biological inertness, but repetitive motion of the spine can cause wear on the implant nonetheless. The purpose of this study is to report a case of foreign body reaction (FBR) against a DIAM. A 72-year-old female patient presented with lower back pain and both legs radiating pain. She had undergone DIAM implantation at L4-5 for spinal stenosis 5 years previously. The intervertebral disc space of L4-5, where the DIAM was inserted, had collapsed and degenerative scoliosis had developed due to left-side collapse. MRI showed L3-4 thecal sac compression and left L4-5 foraminal stenosis. The patient underwent removal of the DIAM and instrumented fusion from L3 to L5. During surgery, fluid and granulation tissue were evident around the DIAM. Histopathology showed scattered wear debris from the DIAM causing chronic inflammation due to the resulting FBR. A FBR due to wear debris of a DIAM can induce a hypersensitivity reaction and bone resorption around the implant, causing it to loosen.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.475-488
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to evaluate histologically the resorption and tissue response of various resorbable collagen membranes used for guided tissue regeneration and guided bone regeneration, using a subcutaneous model on the dorsal surface of the rat. In this study, 10 Sprague-Dawley male rats (mean BW 150gm) were used and the commercially available materials included acellular dermal matrix allograft, porcine collagen membrane, freeze-dried bovine dura mater. Animals were sacrificed at 2,6 and 8 weeks after implantation of various resorbable collagen membranes. Specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Resorption : Inner portion of porcine collagen membrane was resorbed a lot at 6 weeks, but its function was being kept for infiltration of another tissues were not observed. Freeze-dried bovine dura mater and acellular dermal allograft were rarely resorbed and kept their structure of outer portion for 8 weeks. 2. Inflammatory reactions : Inflammatory reaction was so mild and foreign body reaction didn't happen in all of resorbable collagen membranes, which showed their biocompatibility. 3. In all of resorbable collagen membranes, multinuclcated giant cells by foreign body reactions were not observed. Barrier membranes have to maintain their function for 4-6 weeks in guided tissue regeneration and at least 8 weeks in guided bone regeneration. According to present study, we can find all of the resorbable collagen membranes kept their function and structure for 8 weeks and were rarely resorbed. Foreign body reaction didn't happen and inflammatory reaction was so mild histologically. Therefore, all of collagen membranes used in this experiment were considered proper resorbable membranes for guided tissue regeneration and guided bone regeneration.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.619-627
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• 2004

Statement of problem. Mechanisms of tissue-implant interaction and the effect of the implant surface on the behavior of cells has not yet been clarified. Purpose. This study was performed to investigate the tissue reaction to the titanium alloy submerged into rat peritoneum in vivo. Materials and methods. Titanium alloys (titanium-13Zirconium-6Niobium) were inserted inside the peritoneal cavity of Sprague Dawley rats. After 3 months, the tissue formed around the inserted titanium alloys were examined with a light-microscope. Tissue reaction around the material was analyzed by confocal microscopy to evaluate their biocompatibility in a living body. Results. In in vivo study, foreign body type multinucleated giant cells were found in the fibrous tissue formed as a reaction to the foreign material (4 in 20 cases), but the inflammatory reaction was very weak. After experiment, the contaminants of biomaterials was removed from living tissue. In confocal microscopy, we observed that the staining of vinculin and actin showed mixed appearance. In a few cases, we found that the staining of vinculin and beta-catenin showed the prominent appearance. Conclusion. We found that titanium-13Zirconium-6Niobium alloy was an excellent biomaterial.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.207-211
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• 2018

Among different graft materials for craniofacial reconstruction, calcium phosphate cements have the advantages of alloplastic grafts and wide use. The authors report a case of foreign body reaction following frontal reconstruction with JectOS (an injectable calcium orthophosphate cement; Kasios) and reviewed the literature on complications of this material after craniofacial reconstruction from 2002 to 2017. Complications were categorized into two groups: immunologic reactions (consisting of seroma collection, chronic sinus mucosa swelling, and foreign body reaction) and non-immune events (infection, fragmentation, and ejection). It is wise to use calcium phosphate-based material only in selected cases with small defects, and long-term follow-up is needed to observe their consequences.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.105-108
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• 2009

Purpose: Epidermoid cyst may be congenital or acquired. Acquired cysts are most commonly of traumatic origin and result from an implantation or downward displacement of an epidermal fragment. Traumatic epidermoid cysts are rare tumors occurring on the nasal tip, especially resulting aesthetic procedure. So, we report a rare case of an iatrogenic epidermoid cyst in the nasal tip following rhinoplasty. Methods: A 44 - years old man had undergone rhinoplasty for several times. First time, the previous augmentation rhinoplasty and wedge osteotomy were performed nineteen months ago, lastly implant removal and unknown filler injection were performed one year ago at another local clinic. He had induration and tenderness on nasal tip and dorsum continued for 3 months. We thought that it caused by foreign body reaction with residual alloderm in nose. For removal of residual alloplastic material, open approach using transcolumellar incision was done. But, incidentally we found cystic mass on the nasal tip. Results: The findings were of an $0.8{\times}0.5{\times}0.5cm$ sized round cystic mass containing cream coloured material with a thick cheese - like consistency. The mass was completely excised and submitted for histology. This confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst lined by keratinizing squamous epithelium. There was no induration, tenderness and sign of recurrence after excision of the mass. Conclusion: Epidermal cyst of the nasal tip region represents an unusual clinical lesion and it presents as foreign body reaction. And then, our case demonstrates that meticulous surgical approach and suture technique are the keys to prevention against iatrogenic nasal epidermoid cyst, especially in secondary rhinoplasty.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.289-296
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• 2019

Background: Topical hemostatic agents are used when ligation, electrocauterization, or other conventional hemostatic methods are impractical. Because a hemostatic agent is a foreign body, it can cause foreign body reactions, inflammation, and infections that can interfere with the wound healing process. Therefore, we should select hemostatic agents after considering their effects on wound healing. Here, we compared the effects of hemostatic agents on wound healing in a rectus abdominis muscle defect in rats. Methods: Twelve Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to creation of a $6{\times}6mm$ defect in the rectus abdominis muscle and divided into four groups: control group; group A, Tachosil fibrin sealant patch; group B, Surgicel Fibrillar oxidized regenerated cellulose; and group C, Surgicel Snow oxidized regenerated cellulose. For the histologic analysis, biopsies were performed on the 3rd, 7th, and 27th days. Results: The foreign body reaction was the weakest in group A and most significant in group C. The inflammatory cell infiltration was the weakest in group A and similar in groups B and C. Muscle regeneration differed among periods. The rats in group A were the most active initially, while those in group C showed prolonged activity. Conclusion: Tachosil and Surgicel administration increased inflammation via foreign body reactions, but the overall wound healing process was not significantly affected. The increased inflammation in the Surgicel groups was due to a low pH. We recommend using Tachosil, because it results in less intense foreign body reactions than Surgicel and faster wound healing due to the fibrin action.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of resorbable plate in the healing process of mandibular fracture. Reduction and rigid fixation was carried out on the artificial mandibular fracture site of the rabbits, using a resorbable screw, 1.5mm in diameter and 4.0mm in length, and an absorbable plate 1.5mm in thickness(Lactosorb$^{(R)}$). En block tissue specimens with plate were taken from the rabbits at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks intervals and specimen were observed with light microscope under the hematoxylin-eosin staining, to observe the inflammatory reaction and tissue healing process. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. The subject displayed good healing with no signs of detachment of the fixation plate. 2. At 4 weeks, the plate was covered by the connective tissue. Then at 6 weeks, bone regeneration was discovered around the plate. 3. During the period of healing, no inflammatory reaction or foreign body reaction, as a result of using resorbable plate, were observed. 4. At 8 weeks, the initial phase of the absorption of the plate was observed. Then at 10 weeks, macrophage were observed around the plate, indicating the absorption phase was in process. From the above results, it can be determined that when the resorbable plate is applied to rabbit, full recuperation occurs naturally in the absence of inflammatory reaction and foreign body reaction. The selected study is clinically valuable in proving this procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.451-458
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• 2009

Metallic bone plates and screws have been commonly used in oral and maxillofacial surgery for internal fixation. However, there are several disadvantages such as atrophy of cortical bone inherent to excessive rigid fixation systems, growth disturbance in growing individual, allergy reaction, interference with radiographic imaging, palpability, thermal sensitibity and the need for subsequent removal. To overcome these disadvantages and avoid additional surgery of removal of plates and screws, there have been many studies of biodegradable plates and screws. But, It also has complication such as foreign body reactions. We have undertaken a clinical and retrospective study on 140 patients in Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Inha University Hospital from February 2006 to March 2009. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical cases and review of the literatures with biodegradable plates and screws. And we concluded following results. 1. 6 cases(3.4%) of the 177 operation sites(140 patients) experienced complications. 1 case(0.6%) was a failure of initial fixation, 1 case(0.6%) was a postoperative infection, 4 cases(2.3%) were inflammations or foreign body reaction. 2. Postoperative infections, inflammations and foreign body reactions were completely recovered with incision and drainage, supporative care with antibiotic coverage and removal of biodegradable plates. 3. Biodegradable plates and screws provide acceptable rigidity and stability clinically. But, long-term observation is required for the tissue reactions around the biodegradable plates and screws because of long resorption periods of the biodegradable materials.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.192-194
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• 2008

A 15-month-old, intact male, domestic short hair cat was presented with ataxia, protrusion of the right third eyelid, and anorexia. Clinical signs were firstly noted after ear cleaning at home. Symptoms of the Homer's syndrome were evident. However, postural and proprioceptive reaction deficits were not detected on neurologic examination. Otoscopic examination revealed foreign body in right ear canal. A diagnosis of peripheral vestibular syndrome was made based on results of physical examination including neurologic and otic examination, blood work, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Based on these examinations, the present patient was definitely diagnosed as otitis medial interna induced by foreign body. The vestibular signs were resolved 10 days after removal of cotton tips in right ear canal. This case report indicates that home-care cotton swab can iatrogenically induce otitis media/interna in cats.