• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.328-332
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• 1994

The purpose of present paper is to compare and analyze the quality of imported Chinese products with the Korean local products in terms of proximate composition, character of external appearance , ingredient composition of dried bracken , dried radish cubers, meju , dried pollack, dried mussel , and dried brown seaweed(Undaria puinnatidifida) which were imported between Oct., and Dec. 1992 and distributed in the market. Moisture recovery of dried products resulted in changed shape and incomplete moisture recovery due to an excessive drying in consideration of hygroscopic property in the course of distribution. The amounts of water soluble brown pigment were two times greater in Korean dried pollack and bracken than those of Chinese products. The content of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) were twice in Chinese dried pollack, and this may be due to foregin odor from a long transport time and distribution process. The contents of aflatoxin in Korean products were not detectable and these of Chinese products were 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$(%) in dried pollack, bracken and radish cuber. the remaining agricultural chemicals were not detectable in all products. Because of poor technique and facilities, the external appearance of Chinese products especially dried mussels and dried pollack were not uniformed in size and color. Discoloration and foregin substance such as hair, dust were checked , Korean products were mostly packed in small size in PP or bag, and Chinese products were packed in bulk size and distributed as a bulk.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.23-34
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting satisfaction as well as the intention of Gen Z customers to reorder food online in the context of a crisis. Research design, data and methodology: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected via the Internet by conducting an online survey of 652 Gen Z respondents, aged 15-25, in the south of Vietnam and using a convenience sampling method. To analyse the reliability of the scales, SPSS was used to run Cronbach's alpha. Then, SmartPLS was used to assess the measurement model, including variable reliability and validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the proposed model, as well as test the hypotheses with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results: Social influence, price value, and convenience all have a positive effect on satisfaction and repurchase intention. Satisfaction not only plays a critical role in mediating the relationship between social influence, price value, convenience and repurchase intention but also has a positive impact on repurchase intention towards buying food online. Conclusions: This study was successful in identifying the factors of repurchase intention in a crisis setting among Gen Z customers by developing a theoretical research model via literature to complete a brief Theory of Planned Behaviour model. This study also took an innovative approach to earlier ones by demonstrating not just the significant effect of social influence on satisfaction and repurchase intention, but also by identifying critical variables that managers should focus on increasing and improving management.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.266-274
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• 2011

Accurate assessment of nutrient adequacy of a population should be based on usual intake distribution of that population. This study was conducted to adjust usual nutrient intake distributions of a single 24-hour recall in 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Surveys (KNHNS) in order to determine the magnitude of limitations inherent to a single 24-hour recall in assessing nutrient intakes of a population. Of 9,960 individuals who provided one 24-hour recall in 2001 KNHNS, 3,976 subjects provided an additional one-day 24-hour recall in 2002 Korean National Nutrition Survey by Season (KNNSS). To adjust for usual intake distribution, we estimated within-individual variations derived from 2001 KNHNS and 2002 KNNSS using the Iowa State University method. Nutritionally at risk population was assessed in reference to the Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs). The Korean Estimated Average Requirement (Korean EAR) cut-point was applied to estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intakes except for iron intakes, which were assessed using the probability approach. The estimated proportions below Korean EAR for calcium, riboflavin, and iron were 73%, 41%, and 24% from usual intake distribution and 70%, 51%, and 39% from one-day intake distribution, respectively. The estimated proportion of sodium intakes over the Intake Goal of 2,000 mg/day was 100% of the population after adjustment. The energy proportion from protein was within Korean Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (Korean AMDR), whereas that of carbohydrate was higher than the upper limit and that of fat was below the lower limit in the subjects aged 30 years or older. According to these results, the prevalence of nutritional inadequacy and excess intake is over-estimated in Korea unless usual intake distributions are adjusted for one-day intakes of most nutrients.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2017

Purpose - Although ensuring that all the organizational members know their roles exactly is an important part of managerial work, few studies address the role clarity in food manufacturing and distribution firms. Role clarity refers to the extent to which individuals clearly understand the tasks, duties, responsibilities, and expectations of their work roles (Hinkin & Schriesheim, 2008). The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the role clarity on organizational commitment and the mediating role of creativity in the role clarity-organizational commitment relationship. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from 297 employees in food manufacturing and distribution firms of Korea by self-evaluations questionnaires. The unit of the analysis for testing is an individual. We proposed four hypotheses: (1) is about the relationship between role clarity and organizational commitment, (2) is about the relationship between role clarity and creativity, (3) is about the relationship between creativity and organizational commitment, and (4) is about the mediating role of creativity. We conducted the hierarchical regression analysis for testing the main and mediating effects. Results - The results of the study indicated that the role clarity was positively associated with organizational commitment and creativity. Results also indicated that the creativity was positively associated with organizational commitment. Especially, the impact of the role clarity on organizational commitment was mediated by creativity. Conclusions - An important contribution of this study is extending prior theory on the relationship between role clarity and organizational commitment by shedding new light on assumptions regarding the mediating effect of creativity. The results demonstrate that the role clarity has an indirect effect as well as a direct effects on organizational commitment. Our research suggests important implications for organizations that pursue to stimulate their employees' creativity, emphasizing the importance of the role clarity. This study has several potential limitations. Maybe the most serious limitation is its cross-sectional study design. Another limitation is the use of employees' self-reports to measure the variables. In the future, researchers should employ a longitudinal study design and use diverse sources of data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate children's satisfaction with side dishes served in elementary school food service program in Seoul area. Two hundreds and thirty two children participated in this study through a questionnaire developed by the researchers. Conclusion drawn from the results of this study is that there seems no significant problems in school food service program since children are generally satisfied with food provided by school. However, minor problems such as hot and salty food, inappropriate temperature of warm dishes, and excessive amount of food, need to be improved through a newly developed menu, cooking method, and food distribution method.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.136-144
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• 2011

본 내용은 에너지 절감형 곡류 및 식품 공정기술 및 관련 시스템 현지조사를 위하여 일본 국제식품박람회(Foodex Japan 2011)에 참관하여 쌀가루 신 생산기술 세미나 참석 및 곡류의 완제품, 활용제품 조사, 이송시설 및 집진설비 조사를 하였다. 또한 에너지 절감형 가공공정 및 HACCP 적용 관련 시스템 조사를 하고 Satake 등 곡류가공회사와 기술 협의를 하여 향후 연구에 반영하고자 한다.

• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.7-22
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• 2015

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to find out distribution and contamination sources of hazardous microbes through microbial hazard analysis on the processing steps of surimi-based imitation crab (SBIC). As a results of ananlysis of 9 hazardous microbes for 16 raw materials and 8 processing steps, no Samonella spp. and Escherichia coli were detected in all samples. Level and distribution of hazardous microbes in mixed color were similar to those of surimi. Changes of aerobic plate counts (APC), psychrotropic bacteria, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus showed similar trends at different processing steps. Thermotrophic bacteria and aerobic sporeformers were not detected until mixing step and feeding step, respectively and not reduced after cooking step. According to the comparison of APC at each step, it was suggested that surimi, workers and silent cutter at mixing step, and mixed color, workers and bundler at packaging step were the major contamination sources of bacteria.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2003

Benzoic acid is produced about 700 tons/year in Korea as of 1998 survey. Most is used as a stabilizer in the processes of synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes. It is also used for ingradient of paint, disinfections, and antifungals. Due to the antioxidant activity of benzoic acid, the chemical is also used as food preservatives. Although the chemical is widely used in Korea, exposure levels in air, water, soil or sediment have not been monitored or estimated so that risk evaluation of benzoic acid was not possible. In this study, distribution of the chemical among environmental media was estimated using EQC model based on the chemical-physical properties. In Level I and II of which the chemical are hypothesized in equilibrium and no transfer through the media, more than 93％ of benzoic acid are estimated to be distributed in water. However, in Level III of which non-equilibrium and intermedia transfer could be occurred, the chemical is estimated to distributed to soil, 64％ and water,35% as of total amount.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.113-117
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• 2005

To prepare oligouronic acids from high-molecular-weight alginates, sea tangle Laminaria japonicus alginates were hydrolyzed at $80^{\circ}C$ for various hydrolysis times (HT). The effects of hydrolysis time on the distribution ratios (DR) of the molecular weights (MW) of the hydrolyzed alginates were in-vestigated. As HT increased, the DR of the alginates with MW>500 kDa decreased ex-ponentially, while those with MW=50-100 kDa or MW<50 kDa increased exponentially. For MW=300-500 kDa, DR increased exponentially until HT reached 60 min, and then decreased exponentially. Similarly, for MW=100-300 kDa, DR increased exponentially until HT reached 90 min, and then decreased.