• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.590-599
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of nutritional status measured by the body composition and dietary nutrients intakes with calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation in college students. Total of 886 (462 male and 424 female) students who received health examination in May 2007 participated in this research. Participants bone status was measured by a quantitative ultrasound method and t-score was calculated via WHO guideline. For body composition measurements, body fat, height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Dietary data were collected by a 24-hour recall method. Based on Asia-Pacific standard of WHO, BMI was divided into 3 groups; UW (BMI < 18.5), NW + OW (18.5 $\leqq$ BMI < 25) and Obese group (25 $\leqq$ BMI). Among male students, 2.4% belong to the UW group, 45.0% to the NW+OW group and 52.6% belong to the obese group, bwhile 10.4% of female students belong to the UW group, 71.9% to the NW + OW group and 17.7% of female students belong to the Obese group. Differences among male and female students were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Students with higher BMI showed significantly higher bone health status. Male students did not show any significant differences in nutrients intakes by BMI groups while female students showed the higher intakes of energy, protein, pyridoxin, phosphorus, iron and zinc among NW + OW group than other groups (p < 0.05). The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of diet by BMI groups did not show any significant differences in both male and female students. The result of the multiple regression analyses showed that the body fat and bone status was negatively related while energy intake was positively related with the bone status. These results revealed that bone health status was positively affected by BMI but not by body fat. In conclusion, among those who are at their twenties, the period when the bone density becomes maximized, body fat may negatively affect bone health unlike during other life cycle stages.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.268-273
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• 1996

Fundamental data for new type of product development from Lycii fructus was experimentally determined. The chemical composition, and Hunter value changes, optimum extraction, volatile components of extract under different extraction conditions and heat treatment were mainly studied. Results are summarized as follows. The proximate compositions of dried Lycii fructus were water 21.8%, total sugar 27.6%, reducing sugar 15.2%, crude protein 14.29%, crude fat 5.65%, crude fiber 7.48%, and ash 7.98% in percent stale, respectively. Extracted yield on the basic of solid extract was getting increased when more solvent was used for extraction. The most recommendable extraction was 1 to 10 part of sample to solvent ratio. When water was employed as extraction solvent, the highest amount of solid extract was obtained. Extract of Lycii fructus in terms of yields and color was most acceptable when raw sample was treated 8 minute roasting at $180^{\circ}C$ and 60 minute heating at $120^{\circ}C$, respectively. Major volatile components of fresh Lycii fructus were to hexadecanoic acid, methyl linoleate, benzyl alcohol, dimetane benzene by GC/MS. By the roasting of raw sample, the compounds of 2-methyl-2buthenal, 1,4-dimethyl benzene, and benzyl alcohol were reduced. Wheras, methyl thiopropanol, benzene acetaldehyde and ethyl linoleate were slightly increased.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect on oxidative stress induced PC12 cells, and volatile flavor composition of essential oils derived from medicinal plant seeds- Gossypium hirsutum L. (G. hirsutum), Coix lachryma-jobi (C. lachryma-jobi) and Oenothera biennis (O. biennis). The essential oils were obtained by the solvent (hexane) extraction method from the seeds. The essential oils of the seeds were analyzed by the solid-phase micro-extraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). The major compounds of G. hirsutum, C. lachryma-jobi and O. biennis were cyclonexanol (16.65%), β-asarone (14.29%) and ylangene (50.01%). The DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀) was the highest value of 8.52 mg/mL in the O. biennis. Additionally, IC₅₀ values of G. hirsutum and C. lachryma-jobi were 26.76 mg/mL and 36.81 mg/mL. For the oxidative stress on PC12 cells, we treated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The pretreatment of oxidative stress induced PC12 cells with all the essential oils preserved or increased their cell viability and G. hirsutum and O. biennis attenuated the ROS generation (by 68.75% and 56.25% vs. H₂O₂ control). The results of this study suggest that the essential oils derived from medicinal plant seeds could be used as valuable back data as a natural essential oil material to prevent neurodegenerative diseases by protecting neuro-cells.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.104-110
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• 2008

This research was designed and implemented to evaluate how the composition of yaksuncha can affect the health of individuals suffering from diet-related diseases such as obesity and hyperlipidemia by prescribing Yaksun as a nutritional supplement with daily meals. The yaksunucha was prepared as Koekac, Sansa, Heshouwu and Woolong tea and the tea's effects on serum lipids and oxidative stress were evaluated by clinical procedures. The yaksuncha significantly increased HDL-cholesterol and decrease of LDL-cholesterol concentrations in serum. It also had significant effects on decreasing oxidative stress and homocystein levels. The physical characteristics of the yaksunucha were also examined, showing. Brix, pH and titratable acidity values of 1.4, 5.50 and 0.05% respectively. It is thought that scientific and objective evaluations were completed on the components of the yaksuncha prescription. Thus one can concluded that the components could be applied not only in the form of tea, but also various food. The data derived from this study provides basic information that will aid in the application of oriental medicinal resources to other foods as well as facilitate the study of medicinal herbs within the field of functional food research, which already draws sizable attention worldwide.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1540-1549
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• 2017

Objective: Increasing food safety demands in the animal product market have created a need for a system to trace the food distribution process, from the manufacturer to the retailer, and genetic traceability is an effective method to trace the origin of animal products. In this study, we successfully achieved the farm tracing of 6,018 multi-breed pigs, using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers strictly selected through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) feature selection. Methods: We performed farm tracing of domesticated pig (Sus scrofa) from SNP markers and selected the most relevant features for accurate prediction. Considering multi-breed composition of our data, we performed feature selection using LASSO penalization on 4,002 SNPs that are shared between breeds, which also includes 179 SNPs with small between-breed difference. The 100 highest-scored features were extracted from iterative simulations and then evaluated using machine-leaning based classifiers. Results: We selected 1,341 SNPs from over 45,000 SNPs through iterative LASSO feature selection, to minimize between-breed differences. We subsequently selected 100 highest-scored SNPs from iterative scoring, and observed high statistical measures in classification of breeding farms by cross-validation only using these SNPs. Conclusion: The study represents a successful application of LASSO feature selection on multi-breed pig SNP data to trace the farm information, which provides a valuable method and possibility for further researches on genetic traceability.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 1991

The essential oils of the two cultivars of Korean ginger were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction method. Then the essential oils were fractionated into one hydrocarbon fraction and two oxygented hydrocarbon fractions by using silica gel column chromatography. The composition of the resulting oils were investigated by GC-MS spectrometry. The volatile oil contents of the two fresh cultivars were 0.32%(wb) and consisted of 68.1% hydrocarbon and 31.9% oxygenated hydrocarbons. Out of 101 characterized compounds, 54 were identified by comparing GC retentions and mass spectral data with authentic samples and 47 were tentatively identified according to mass spectral data only. The major compounds of hydrocarbon fraction were camphene, ${\beta}-phellandrene$, zingiberene, ${\gamma}-bisabolene,\;{\bate}-sesquiphellandrene$, and of oxygenated hydrocarbon fractions were 1,8-cineol, neral, geranial, geranyl acetate, citronellol, geraniol and ${\alpha}-terpeneol+borneol$. Comparing the yield and composition of Korean ginger oil with those from other origins reported, Korean ginger oils showed good yields of oil, whilst those contained higher amounts of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.29-39
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to promote sales of the renewable energy industry and to advance into the Southeast Asian market. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is to develop a highly efficient food waste treatment system for Southeast Asian renewable energy industry. The radiation treatment method was applied for this purpose. Results - To investigate effects of ionization on removal of non-degradable organic matter, the results from gamma irradiation and co-digestion process was compared to those from a co-digestion process. Based on the BMP test results, food wastes were oxidized by hydroxyl radicals, and the specific methane yield was 366 mL CH4/g VS. Methane composition was 82%. A WAS/food wastes co-digestion was developed for the treated of non-degradable organic matter in food wastes. The average efficiency of non-degradable organic matter were 92.2% using the food waste co-digestion. Conclusions - Performance of gamma irradiation and co-digestion process was superior to that of a co-digestion process (10-20%). This implies that food wastes can be high efficient co-digested by the gamma irradiation. It is believed that it will be possible to enter the Southeast Asian energy industry as a strategic technology in the overseas energy recovery industry.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Assessing changes in energy intake and dietary sources is important to understand trends in the prevalence of obesity. Thus, we examined trends in energy intake and its nutrient and food sources in Korean adults from 1998 through 2015. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study included 70,769 subjects aged ${\geq}19$ years who completed a nutrition survey. Subject data were obtained from the 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007-2009, 2010-2012, and 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Dietary intake was assessed by a 1-day 24-hour recall method. RESULTS: In men, the daily energy intake significantly increased from 2,196 kcal in 1998 to 2,489 kcal in 2013-2015 (P for trend < 0.0001). However, the daily energy intake among women did not change significantly over the same period (P for trend = 0.5772). The percentages of energy intake from animal foods (e.g., meat and milk) and beverages increased during the study period in both men and women. However, the percentage of energy intake from plant foods decreased due to a marked decrease in the intake of white rice. Changes in food sources of energy intake led to changes in the nutrient sources of energy intake; for example, the increase of energy intake from fat and decrease of energy intake from carbohydrate. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that since 1998, energy intake has increased among Korean adult men, but not among women. However, the composition of food and nutrient sources of energy intake has changed in both men and women. Energy intake and its nutrient and food sources should continue to be monitored regularly in the Korean adult population.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.371-376
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of Bokbunja-Pyun, using various levels of Rubi fruit juice (0%, 4%, 6% and 8%). The chemical composition and physical characteristics of Bokbunja and Bokbunja-Pyun were analyzed and sensory evaluation was conducted. The statistical data analyses were completed using the SPSS program. The chemical components of Bokbunja were moisture 89.2%, sweetness 9.8 Brix%, pH 3.77, citric acid 8.98%, and vitamin C 26mg. The L-value of Bokbunja-Pyun was significantly decreased (p<0.001), but a- and b-values were increased with increasing Rubi fruit juice content (p<0.001). Among the mechanical characteristic, the hardness was the highest on R2 ($470{\pm}82.67$), the adhesiveness on R3 ($-5.00{\pm}1.0$), the cohesiveness on R4 ($99.22{\pm}6.95$) and the gumminess on R1 ($167.9{\pm}49.8$). The springiness was notsignificantly different between these groups. From the sensory evaluation, appearance, hardness, and flavor showed no significant variation, but transparency, elasticity, and overall quality were significantly different between the test groups. It was concluded that the optimum content of added of Rubi fruit juice was 6%, in proportion to the total weight.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.169-180
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• 2012

This study examines the dietary, exercise, and other daily habits of Daegu residents and how these relate to the residents' perception of their own health status, and comparatively analyzes the lifestyles and daily habits of those who perceive themselves to be healthy and those who do not. This research study used Inbody 230(Body composition analysis, Biospace, Korea) to make body and health measurements such as body composition and obesity index. Also, included in this study was a survey on the lifestyle patterns of the residents. The data from this survey was analyzed with SPSS. The results show that among the residents of Daegu, those who perceive themselves to be healthy have lower body fat and are less obese on average. With respect to dietary habits, those who believe themselves to be healthy have more regular dietary habits such as rarely skipping a meal than those who do not believe themselves to be healthy. In addition those who say they are healthy exercise more frequently and for a longer duration than those who say they are not healthy. As for daily habits, those who report they are healthy show greater satisfaction with life and suffer less from stress than those who report themselves to be unhealthy. This study demonstrates that in order to improve people's health in Korea, good dietary, exercise and daily habits need to be emphasized. Additionally, health education and health awareness programs need to be established in each region. Follow-up studies should be conducted afterwards.