• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

r-fold Wiener process는 실질적으로 infinite dimension이고, 컴퓨터는 finitely dimensional subspace만 취급할 수 있기 때문에 f-fold Wiener process는 컴퓨터로 구현될 수 없다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 r-fold Wiener process의 m-dimensional approximation 함수의 특성에 대해 연구한다.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2004

We discuss the n-fold implicative/fantastic filters in lattice implication algebras, which are extended notions of implicative/fantastic filters. Characterizations of n-fold implicative/fantastic filters are given. Conditions for a filter to be n-fold implicative are provided. Extension property for an n-fold fantastic filter is established.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2007

The notion of fuzzy n-fold implicative ordered filters in implicative semigroups is introduced, and related properties are investigated. Relations between fuzzy ordered filters and fuzzy n-fold implicative ordered filters are provided. Characterizations of a fuzzy n-fold implicative ordered filter are given, and an extension property for a fuzzy n-fold implicative ordered filter is obtained.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제13권1_2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2003

The fuzzification of a positive implicative filter is considered, and some of properties are investigated. The relation among fussy filter, fuzzy n-fold implicative filter, and fuzzy n-fold positive implication filter is discussed.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2021

대표적인 연성변형구조인 습곡에서 습곡축의 자세는 3차원 습곡구조의 발달양상뿐만 아니라 변형 당시의 최대 수평주응력 방향에 대한 정보를 수집하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 이러한 이유로 습곡축의 자세를 파악하는 것은 매우 중요하나 습곡축이 노출되는 경우가 흔하지 않기 때문에 습곡과 관련된 구조요소들을 이용한 다양한 방법들이 제시되고 이용되어 왔다. 따라서 이러한 다양한 측정방법에 대해 간략히 소개하고, 이들 방법들에 대한 신뢰성을 평가하기 위하여 같은 습곡에 대해 다른 측정법을 사용하여 측정한 습곡축들을 비교분석 하였다. 이를 위해 습곡구조가 잘 발달해 있는 충북 단양지역 조선누층군의 석회암층들과 평안누층군의 만항층에 걸쳐 6곳의 노두에서 습곡구조의 습곡축 자세를 측정하고 비교하였다. 비교결과 다른 방법에 의해 측정된 것들도 대부분 서로 잘 일치하는 양상을 보여 다양한 측정방법들의 실제 활용이 가능함을 보여주었다. 또한 단양지역의 습곡구조는 서북서 방향의 습곡축을 가지는 한 곳을 제외한 나머지 노두에서 모두 북-북북동 내지 북동 방향의 습곡축을 보였으며, 이는 서북서-동남동 내지 북서-남동 방향의 최대수평주응력 환경에서 만들어진 습곡들로 판단된다. 서북서 방향의 습곡축은 다른 시기의 습곡작용을 지시하는 것으로 보이며, 북-북북동 방향의 습곡축을 가지는 습곡구조와 북동 방향의 습곡축을 가지는 습곡구조 사이의 주향 차이는 하나의 습곡작용에서 습곡구조의 규모에 따라 다소 차이가 생긴 것으로 해석하였으나, 증거를 확인하는 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1760-1772
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• 2006

Mature acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene (gm, 1,836 bp) was cloned from the housefly and successfully expressed in the E. coli CodonPlus (DE3) RIL system (GM-E, 72 kDa) with a yield of 1,630 mU/g fresh cells. Using the gm, 10 kinds of mutants were constructed and expressed for enhancing sensitivity to insecticides. The sensitivity of these mutants to five kinds of organophosphate (OP) and three carbamate insecticides was investigated by measuring the apparent bimolecular inhibition constant ($k_i=k_2/K_d$). Surprisingly, the sensitivity of quadruple mutant IGFT was enhanced as much as 7-fold for acephate, 164-fold for demeton-S-methyl, 484-fold for dichlorvos, 523-fold for edifenphos, 30-fold for ethoprophos, 30-fold for benfuracarb, 404-fold for carbaryl, and 107-fold for furathiocarb, compared with that of GM-E, although the sensitivity of each single point mutant was slightly increased. These mutational studies indicated that (i) contradictory to Walsh et al. [39], the residue 327 is the important key residue for enhancing sensitivity as much as the residue 262, (ii) the residue 82 and additional residues of 234, 236, and 585 are also important, and (iii) sensitivity was cooperatively accelerated as the number of strategic mutations increased.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2015

Benign vocal fold lesions, such as vocal nodules, polyps and Reinke's edema, usually result from chronic voice overuse. Conservative management such as voice therapy and pharmacotherapy are used as the primary treatment techniques. The main purpose of voice therapy is to identify and reduce voice misuse to achieve the optimal voice. But complete resolution may not be possible in all patients after voice therapy. Furthermore, some patients with voice-related occupations, voice rest and voice therapy are sometimes difficult, which makes it hard to carry out the treatment. When conservative therapy is ineffective, laryngeal microsurgery can be performed under general anesthesia. However, potential complications following laryngeal suspension and violation of the layered structure of the vocal fold during surgery should be considered before surgery. In recent decades, emerging literatures have demonstrated the potential usefulness of vocal fold steroid injection as an alternative treatment option for benign vocal fold lesions. The most advantageous feature of vocal fold steroid injection is the maintenance of regional anti-inflammatory effects while preventing the potential systemic adverse effects of the steroid. Many non-surgical treatment methods can be conducted using different approaches in the office setting. It can be applied as an alternative treatment modality for the management of various benign vocal fold lesions.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2010

Mild vocal fold hypomobility is a common finding of which clinical significance is incompletely understood. Recently, electrophysiologic investigations have shown that vocal fold hypomobility is a continuum of neurogenic dysfunction ; partial denervation (paresis), complete denervation (paralysis), and variable degrees and patterns of reinnervation. Despite a sound pathophysiological basis for its existence, interest in and acceptance of the diagnosis of vocal fold paresis is relatively recent. Vocal fold paresis may be a relatively common and often overlooked condition that can be difficult to diagnose since laryngoscopy does not reliably distinguish innocent laryngeal asymmetry from hypomobility caused by paresis. Although not entirely free from error, laryngeal electromyography seems to hold more promise as a means of reliable diagnosis than laryngoscopy, and should be employed systematically in the evaluation of suspected paresis. The means to help most patients with paresis already exists in the repertoire of interventions developed to treat paralysis. However, since the vocal fold retains substantial movement, more conservative treatment strategy is recommended as a first line of treatment. The authors reviewed the representative reports of vocal fold paresis and summarized the controversies and consensus regarding the vocal fold paresis.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-123
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• 1983

The studied area is situated in tho southern part of the Ogcheon fold belt, where the "Ogcheon Group" is widespread with Jurassic and Cretaceous intrusions. The regional stratigraphy may be divided into three formations, the lower pebble bearing phyllitic, the middle dark grey phyllitic, and the upper black phyllitic formations. For the purposes of the present study, the area has been partitioned to three structural subareas based on major fold axes and fault line. The main subjects of the research have been discussed from two different points, multiple deformation and minor-micro fold styles. The former is analyzed by pebble elongation, folding and lineation in a pebbly formation as well as schistosity, crenulation cleavage and crenulated lineation in the phyllitic formation. The later describes the characteristic features of fold style in each formation and structural subarea. Although minor fold axes within broad pelitic rocks usually tend to trend northeast and to plunge northward, most of these were probably formed by two stages, first a similar fold phase and second a kink fold phase. Measured structural elements indicate that crenulation cleavage in phyllite formed parallel to fold axes of folded pebble followed a NE phase of first deformation and a fold axes of pebbles diagonal to bedding of phyllite are represented by a NW phase of a second deformation. Microscopically, quartz and mica grains form a micro fold enabling one to establish tectonic levels which occur in different deformation modes in each stratigraphic sequence. Microtextures such as crenulation cleavage, kink band, aggregate band of mica and pressure shadows of porphyroblast of quartz related to qarnet and staurolite may suggest the time relation of crystallization and tectonism. The result of this study may conform that three deformation phase, NE first phase-NE second phase-NW phase, occurred in the area.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.471-479
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• 2008

Purpose: Sunken eyelid is a deformity of upper eyelid due to atrophy of periocular fat tissue, loss of skin elasticity. It causes the skin retraction of eyelid and unfavorable fold. Sunken eyelid occurs from the results of natural aging process, facial trauma, complication of previous periocular surgery, etc. We acquired a satisfied correction of sunken eyelid and unfavorable fold using autologous fat injection only. The aim of this study is a assessment of autologous fat injection for correction of sunken eyelid accompanied with unfavorable fold. Methods: From August 2002 to March 2006, we performed 37 cases of correction of sunken eyelid with unfavorable fold using autologous fat injection. They were all females with ages ranged from 23 to 63. Fat was harvested from lower abdomen and centrifuged with Coleman system. Multi-layered injection of purified fat was done from orbital fat layer to orbicularis oculi muscle. Results: Overall, improvement of sunken eye and unfavorable fold was observed in the majority of the patients. Discomfort of eye opening was improved in 24 patients. The average injection volume was 1.33 mL in right eyelid, 1.31 mL in left eyelid at first injection. Second injection was done in patients who absorption of injected fat was noted with. No specific complications were observed. Conclusion: Natural and attractive upper eyelid was acquired from fat injection only in sunken eyelid with unfavorable fold. To the authors' knowledge, it is desirable for sunken eyelid accompanied with unfavorable fold to be treated with autologous fat injection at first. Although some shortcomings are substantial, autologous fat injection is easy and effective method for correction of unfavorable fold in sunken eyelid without specific complication.