• Title/Summary/Keyword: Foam Fire Extinguishing System

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Characteristics of Protein Foam Agent by Stabilizer on the Ship Fire Extinguishment (선박화재 적용 단백포 소화약제의 안정제에 따른 소화특성)

  • Lee, Eungwoo;Shin, Changsub
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 2015
  • Onboard fire extinguishing system is important to protect cargo and human lives and every oil tanker has foam type fire extinguishing system. Because of environmental problem, agent which contains materials such as Perfluorinated compounds are regulated and the development of the environmental friendly agent is required. The protein foam has less environmental pollution problem and has an excellent fire extinguish performance to oil fire. In the research, bivalency metal salts were added as stabilizer to increase fire resistance and stability of the foam. Ferrous sulfate, Iron chloride and Nickel chloride were used and to adjust to vessel, sea water was applied. As a stabilizer increased, the expansion ratio was raised. However 25% drainage time was decreased over 2.0 wt.% which is knowable that the foam brokes easily. The amount of generated foam was measured to check fluidity of foam and it appeared that when $FeSO_4$ 1.2 wt.% was added, the amount of generated foam reached large and also the 25% drainage time was high. To evaluate the fire extinguishing performance for oil fire, the small scale oil fire test was executed. When $FeSO_4$ 1.2 wt.% was added, fire extinguishing time was in its shortest which informs fluidity of foam and stability are important factors on fire extinguishing efficiency.

Analysis of Performance and Development of Environment-friendly High Expansion Foam Concentrate (친환경 고발포 소화약제 개발 및 성능 분석 연구)

  • Kim, Ha-Young;Nam, Jun-Seok;Rie, Dong-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.25-29
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    • 2010
  • Foam concentrate is used for fire-extinguishing purposes, occurring foam, mixed with air. In huge oil-fire or the efficiency of fire-extinguishing with small quantity of water, Foam concentrate is used widely. However, perfluorooc tanoicsulfonate and nonylpenol that are included in Foam concentrate could be exposure in danger while they were discharged. The purpose of the research is the development of environment-friendly high expansion foam that exclude the dangerous substances and improvement of danger of the existing foam concentrate. The developed foam is analyzed as the environment-friendly foam in indexes of the environment-toxicity, the biodegradation appraisal, and the dangerous substances-detecting. In addition, the performances of expansion rate, discharge rate, and fire-extinguishing are suitable in the domestic regulation, so it is useful for fire-extinguishing in real fire situation.

Trends of Onboard Fire Extinguishing System (선박용 소화설비의 국제동향)

  • Kim, Mann-Eung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.126-127
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    • 2005
  • This paper provides information on the current issues and the progress of on-going researches relating onboard fixed fire extinguishing system in the IMO Sub-committee on Fire Protection. And also prepares to introduce the recent amendment to regulations and technical trends of the water mist fire extinguishing system and high expansion foam system.

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Experimental Study on the Fire Extinguishing Characteristics of Water Mist System (미분무수 소화설비의 소화특성 실험)

  • Hwang, Won-Jun;Kim, Hwang-Jin;Oh, Kyu-Hyung;Lee, Sung-Eun
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.78-84
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    • 2009
  • We carried out fire extinguishing experiments with three kinds of water mist nozzle system. Fire extinguishing experiment according to installed nozzle height and fuel pan location was done. And fire extinguishing performance was compared with plain water and foam agent mixed solution. Water mist nozzle height was varied with 4m, 3.5m and 3m and position of fuel fan was varied 0.5m and 1m from the center of water mist nozzle. Foam agent that used in this experiment is 3% type of AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) solution. Experimental result showed the door opening effect was little. Fire extinguishing performance of foam agent mixture water mist was better than the plain water mist only.

A Study on Fire Extinguishing Performance Evaluation of Compressed Air Foam System (압축공기포 소화설비의 소화성능 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jang-Won;Lim, Woo-Sub;Kim, Sung-Soo;Rie, Dong-Ho
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2012
  • This research is to evaluate the fire extinguishing performance of Compressed Air Foam System and this test was conducted using Foam Head System. Compressed Air Foam System adopt the methods of causing the foam by mixing compressed air in foam-aqueous solution, In Overseas, CAFS (Compressed Air Foam System) is generally used because long distance discharge is possible and the water damage can be minimized by reducing the water usage. In this study, Comparative analysis on fire extinguishing effect is done through test to compare the performance between Foam System applied existing air mixture method and Compressed Air Foam System applied AFFF 3 %, foam-extinguishing-agent based on UL162 standard. In Compressed Air Foam System, the volume proportion of air mixture to foam-aqueous solution is 1 to 1 and discharging flow rate is 140 L/min, 160 L/min, 180 L/min, 200 L/min each. As a result of the test, in terms of fire extinguishing performance, fire suppression time for Compressed Air Foam Systems is shorter than for General Air Mixture System in all flow conditions.

A Study on B Class Fire Extinguishing Performance of Air Ratio in the Compressed Air Foam System (압축공기포 소화설비의 공기포비에 따른 B급 소화성능 연구)

  • Lee, Jang-Won;Lim, Woo-Sub;Rie, Dong-Ho
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2013
  • This research is to evaluate the fire extinguishing performance at a mixing ratio of pressurized air in the fire extinguishing system of compressed air foam (CAF) which injects compressed air into foam liquid and then discharging. The experimental device is made use of exclusive foam extinguishing facility for compressed air foam that is produces based on Canada National Laboratory and UL 162 standard, apply model of oil fire (B Class) 20 unit in accordance with "Standard of Model Approval and Product Inspection for Fire Extinguishing Agent" to the fire Extinguishing model. Compressed air is injected through the air mixture and study the tendency depending on increasing air foam ratio 1 : 4, 1 : 7, 1 : 10. In addition, the comparison experiments between synthetic surfactants foam and AFFF carry out with it at the air foam ratio 1 : 4. As a result, in the condition of same discharging flow, fire extinguishing effect of AFFF is the fastest at the air foam ratio 1 : 7 and the slowest at 1 : 10. Moreover, the fire extinguishing effect of AFFF in the comparison expeiments between AFFF and synthetic surfactants foam is faster than the other.

A Study On The Development Of An Automatic Fire Extinguishing System For The Engine Compartment Use Of Automobiles (자동차 엔진 화재용 자동 소화 시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Lim, Sung-Muk;Jung, Ki-Chang;Kim, Hong;Kang, Young-Goo;Lee, Chang-Sub
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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    • 1996.11a
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    • pp.57-61
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    • 1996
  • Our goal was to make a cost-effective automatic fire extinguishing system for the engine compartment use of automobiles. We designed this system for the engine compartment. This system consists of 1)foam extinguisher, 2)four nozzles, 3)a pipe arrangement, and 4)an extinguishing device which is equipped with a glass bulb as detector. First and foremost, the extinguishing device was carefully designed to keep the system cost to a minimum. Second, a AFFF foam extinguisher was used because no other fire-fighting agents proved effective against fire in the engine compartment. The AFFF(Aqueous Film Forming Foam) agent which was used in the extinguisher is the 3M company's Light Water. We sought, however, to make other foams by using Halon 1301 and Halon alternatives such as HCFC Blend A, HFC-227ea. We selected these alternatives instead of air in order to raise the expansion ratio of the AFFF agent. By these means we discovered that it is possible to increase the expansion ration of the AFFF agent up to 44:1. We then demonstrated that our automatic fire extinguishing system is the most effective and lowest cost-system yet devised for passenger cars.

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A Study on the Application Medium Expansion Foam Extinguisher by a Fire Performance Analysis used Medium Expention Foam Agent (중발포 소화약제 소화성능 분석을 통한 중발포기 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jang Won
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.402-408
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The study want to verify application the medium expantion foam extinguisher of expantion foam rate and fire extinguishing Performance test because the medium expansion system can maintain the discharge distance less affected by air currents, and the foam agent can be used efficiently. Method: For the study, the medium-expansion testing apparatus was manufactured and with synthetic surfactant foam agent of (class B) fire extinguishing model, and Fire Performance was analyzed for foam expansion rate and the fire agent consumption was measured and analyzed. Results: We measured the medium-spray testing apparatus and found that the expansion rate was 26.1 times. The test results of a 20-unit fire extinguishing model show that the extinguishing time is faster than the high and low foam expansion. It has been analyzed that it is possible to apply a hand-operated with a hose reel or medium expansion apparatus. Conclusion: Considering that the foaming agent and the extinguishing performance of the medium foam ratio are excellent, It is necessary to introduce the technical standards of medium foam agent for the introduction of hand-operated equipment, such as hose reel or portable medium foam apparatus.

Evaluation test of applicability of Compressed Air Foam fire extinguishing system for train fire at rescue station in Subsea tunnel (해저터널 구난역 열차화재시 압축공기포(Compressed Air Foam) 소화설비의 적용성 평가 실험)

  • Park, Byoung-Jik;Shin, Hyun-Jun;Yoo, Yong-Ho;Park, Jin-Ouk;Kim, Hwi-Seong
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.413-418
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    • 2016
  • Recently, a mega project such as Korea-China or Korea-Japan undersea tunnel project has been emerged for detail discussion and the interest in undersea tunnel is on the rise. More severe damage by train fire is expected in undersea tunnel comparing to ground tunnel and thus the study on more efficient fire extinguishing system, besides existing disaster prevention design is underway. To that end, a full-scale fire tests using CAF fire extinguishing system which has been developed by modifying traditional foam fire extinguishing system for fire suppression at rescue station in timely manner were conducted over 7 times. The test was conducted after setting the rescue station in virtual tunnel with a car of KTX. As a result of using compressed air foam directly to the fire source, 30 liter of Heptane combustibles was extinguished within 1 minutes. Applicability of compressed air foam to train fire at rescue station in undersea tunnel was has been proven and further study is considered required while changing the nozzle angle and location so as to achieve quick and easy extinguishing goal, making use of the advantage of CAF, as well as to reduce the fire water and chemicals required.

Experimental study on the suppression of fire fighting by using Compressed Air Foam system (압축공기포(Compressed Air Foam) 소화시스템을 이용한 구난역 열차 화재 진압에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Park, Byoung-Jik;Shin, Hyun-Jun;Yoo, Yong-Ho;Park, Jin-Ouk;Kim, Hwi-Seong;Kim, Yang-Kyun
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.423-432
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    • 2018
  • Since the Daegu subway fire accident, people's perception of safety has increased, and all materials inside the train have been changed to incombustible materials. However, there is still a lack of development of fire extinguishing systems. Train components are mostly made of steel plates, and therefore it is very difficult to extinguish the train fire by using general fire extinguishing equipment. In this regard, this paper investigated rapid and easy methods of extinguishing the train fire by using compressed air foam systems through full-scale fire tests. To extinguish the fire of train at rescue station, window breakers were used to quickly destroy the train windows, and the compressed air foam system was inserted inside the train. As a result, the train windows were destroyed in 5 seconds, and the 11.88-MW fire was put out in 30 seconds by the compressed air foam discharged from the compressed air foam system inserted inside the train. For the future work, there is a need for further experimental studies to prevent the spread of fire and protect tunnel structures with the use of compressed air foam systems.