• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.82-90
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• 1992

To optimize the foam dyeing procedures for polyester and polyester/nylon blended non-woven fabrics, the effects of organic solvents and surfactants were investigated by measuring the foam heights and surface tensions of the foam dyeing solution. The results of the experiments can be summarized as follows: 1) Organic solvents and surfactants (sodium lauryl sulphate: SLS) solution lower the surface tension (ST) of the water, but ST lowering rate of SLS solution is greater than that of solvents. For a 0.25% SLS solution, the minimum surface tension was 30.3 dyne/cm, which is nearly the same value for organic solvents. 2) For 0.25% SLS solutions, additional adding of a 4.0% organic solvent makes the foam height (FH) be its maximum. 3) At 0.6 g/ι dye concentration, incorporation of 0.4% SLS makes the surface tension of the foam solution be its minimum. The foam height did not show any trend due to the dye type. 4) The effect of foam stabilizers (sodium alginate (Alg-Na) and hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC)) were also investigated. The foam height of the foaming solution with HEC was greater than that with Alg-Na. The foam stability of the foaming solution with Alg-Na was better than that with HEC.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.417-423
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• 2020

In order to reduce cooling and heating, which is 40% of the energy consumption of buildings, it is important to improve the insulation of the skin. In order to improve the existing insulation, research is being conducted to apply a vacuum insulation panel(VIP) to buildings. However, VIP cannot be repaired, so we considered the metal vacuum insulation panel. Since the core of the metal vacuum pressure and have low thermal conductivity, foam concrete is adopted. However, preliminary experiments confirmed that the time to reach 0.001torr differs depending on the amount and nature of the bubbles. This effect is determined by the type of foaming agent and the density of the bubble slurry, the vacuum delivery time is determined to be the optimum foam concrete conditions are necessary. Therfore, this study aims to present basic data applicable to core materials by measuring vacuum delivery time and thermal conductivity change according to the foaming agent type and foam slurry density of foam large concrete which is core material of metal vacuum insulation panel. Experimental results and analysis show that compressive strength can be used regardless of the type of foam, In terms of thermal conductivity, it is stable to use vegetable foaming agents at 0.9g/㎤ or less. In terms of the vacuum delivery time, the foaming agent appeared similar regardless of the type of foaming agent, but it is considered suitable to use vegetable foaming agent based on compressive strength and thermal conductivity.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 2000

Ceramic foam prepared with cordierite as a starting material by foam method was tested to evaluate the feasibility as a filter for the dust collection in hot gas. Two different types of agents Benzethonium chloride (BZTC, C27H42NO2Cl) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate(SLS, CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na) were used as foaming agents in foaming process. Porosityof ceramic foam was about 80% and mean pore size were 100${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for SLS agent and 200 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ for BZTC. It was observed that ceramic foam was composed of continuous macro-pore structure with opening windows interconnecting macro-pores. The surface of ceramic foam support of was coated with cordierite particles ranged from 20${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ to 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ Meso-pore size in the coating layer on ceramic foam was below 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. While air permeability of the support increased with increasing macro-pore size coated ceramic filters showed a constant permeability without regard to the macro-pore size of the support. The permeabuilities of support varied in the range of 600$\times$10-13m2 to 1000$\times$10-13m2. For the case of coated ceramic filter it was about 200$\times$10-13m2. As a result of particle trapping test by using fly ash the particle removal efficiency was over the 99.9%.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2018

Simplification of the manufacturing process in shoe making is essential to improve productivity and reduce production costs. To improve the adhesion of EVA foam used as a midsole, EVA/itaconated EPDM(EPDM-g-IA)(80/20wt%) blend was prepared using Torque Rheometer-Plasti-Corder, and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine/crosslinking agent/foaming agent/additive were mixed, followed by amidation reaction and foaming to prepare EVA/EPDM-g-IA foam for shoe midsole. In this study, we investigate the effect of the content of 1,6-hexamethylenediamine(0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0) on the mechanical properties, water-contact angle and adhesion of EVA/itaconated EPDM foam. As the content of 1,6-hexamethylenediamine increased, mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tear strength, tensile elastic modulus, hardness, and water-contact angle were lowered, but elongation at break and compression set(%) were increased. Both normal type and non-UV type adhesive strength increased with increasing diamine content. In particular, it was found that the adhesion strength of the non-UV type adhesion increased sharply with increasing diamine content. As a result, an adherend rupture occurs in a foam sample having a content of 1,6-hexamethylenediamine of 3phr. From this, it can be seen that the EVA/itaconated EPDM foam for shoe midsoles, which can be used for non-UV adhesion without primer and UV treatments, have been developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.127-128
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• 2021

Rigid urethane foam is widely applied because it is light and has superior insulation performance compared to insulation materials such as EPS or glass wool. However, it has the disadvantage of being vulnerable to fire. Therefore, in this study, before proceeding with the research to improve the fire resistance of the rigid polyurethane foam, we would like to investigate the change in density and thermal conductivity of the rigid polyurethane foam according to the change in the mixed weight of the main material and the curing agent. It was found that the density increased as the mixed weight increased. The thermal conductivity showed similar values overall. As for the density distribution, the central part was low and the outer part was high.

• Fire Protection Technology
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• s.55
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• pp.7-12
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• 2013

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.8.2-8.2
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.143-146
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• 2004

Pultrusion process of phenolic foam composite is investigated. Phenolic foam composites provide heat and flame resistance with less weight. When made into foam, a variety of properties can be obtained with different bubble size and number density. In this study, effect of process variables on the foaming characteristics of phenolic resin composites during pultrusion process has been studied experimentally. The process variables considered are the heating temperature and the pulling speed as well as the mass fraction of blowing agent. Experiments were performed using a laboratory scale pultrusion apparatus. Optimal process condition was found by observing the micro-morphology.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.355-361
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• 2005

The physical characteristics of polyurethane were examined by SEM, FT-IR tensile strength and mole % [NCO/OH]. Growing concerns in the environment-friendly architecture and public works have led to the development of solvent-free formulations that can be cured and foamed in air. Compared with general packing materials, this resin is much stronger in intensity and much longer in durability. Polyurethane foam resins were mainly composed of polyol, MDI, silicone surfactant, fillers, catalyst and blowing agent. The rigid foam of polyurethane in mechanical characteristics were due to chain extender and the increase of mole % [NCO/OH]. The change in the microstructure of polyurethane should be taken into account when considering the process of construction and durability through the polyurethane polymer resin in lots of industries.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2015

The foam concrete was fabricated by adding the foaming agent which composite ordinary Portland cement with plant and animal protein into cement paste, and the electromagnetic wave absorption properties were studied for the first time as well. The studies showed that the electromagnetic waves can be absorbed by multiple reflections and scattering within the porous material. Thickness and filling ratio have a great influence on the electromagnetic wave absorbing properties in 2-18 GHz of the foam concrete, the greater the thickness, the better the performance of absorption; filling ratio was about 52 vol.%, the absorbing properties achieved the best.