• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.609-616
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• 2005

A high ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$) concentration has been recursively observed every winter season in Geum River, which hindered chemical treatment processes at a water treatment plant. A flushing discharge from Daecheong Dam was often considered to dilute $NH_3-N$, but information on the quantitative effect of flushing on the downstream water quality was limited. In this study, the impact of a short-term reservoir flushing on the downstream water quality was investigated through field experiments and unsteady water quality modeling. On November 22, 2003, the reservoir discharge was increased from $30m^3/sec$ to $200m^3/sec$ within 6 hours for the purpose of the experiment. The results showed that flushing flow tends to reduce downstream $NH_3-N$ concentrations considerably, but the effectiveness was limited by flushing amount and time. An unsteady river water quality model was applied to simulate the changes of nitrogen concentrations in response to reservoir flushing. The model showed very good performance in predicting the travel time of flushing flow and the effect of flushing discharge on the reduction of downstream $NH_3-N$ concentrations at Maepo and Geumnam site, but a significant discrepancy was observed at Gongju site.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.215-228
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• 2000

This paper presents a novel method to predict a flushing rate in an embayment system, which can be utilized to assess an environmental impact caused by harbor construction. The method was successfully applied to the Ulsan-Onsan coastal area. The flushing rate was computed on the basis of water quality changes predicted by US Army Corps of Engineers' RMA-2/RMA-4 models. After calibration and verification to the measured tidal elevation and current velocity, the model was used to estimate the flushing rate in the proposed harbor. The water quality was simulated for 96 hours and the flushing rate was computed. The results indicated that the proposed harbor would significantly reduce the flushing rate in the Onsan harbor, especially at the small embayment area near the south breakwater. The flushing rate was evaluated for several alternatives, of which the tidal flow channel of 1,000 $m^2$ in the south pier appeared to be the best mitigation measure. This study proposes that the prediction of flushing rate would be a novel method to assess a water quality impact caused by harbor construction.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제55권spc1호
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• pp.1251-1260
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• 2022

최근 상수관망은 노후화 및 관 내 스케일의 박리로 인해 적수 사고등 수질사고가 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 관내 퇴적되어있는 스케일은 평상시엔 안정화되어 문제를 야기하지 않지만, 상수관망 시스템의 급격한 유속 및 유향 변화 등에 의해 발생하는 수충격에 의해 박리된 후 수용가로 유입되며 수질사고를 야기한다. 이를 사전에 방지하기 위해서는 주기적인 관세척으로 스케일을 제거할 필요가 있다. 관세척공법 중 가장 보편적으로 사용되는 방법은 플러싱으로 현재 국내·외에서 관세척을 위한 유속 및 세척기준 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 하지만, 플러싱 공법 적용 시 적정유속 기준에 관한 연구가 주로 진행되어, 세척시 관내 적정유속 확보여부를 사전에 검토하기 위한 구체적인 방안에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 관 세척시 용수는 소화전 또는 이토변을 통과하면서 주손실과 미소손실이 발생하며, 이는 관 내 유속에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 세척효과 분석에 직접적인 영향을 준다. 이에 본 연구는 Minorloss Coefficient와 Emitter Coefficient를 적용한 모의를 통해 플러싱 적용 시 관 내 유속을 분석하는 수리해석 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법을 예시관망과 A시 일부구역에 적용하여 적절성을 검토하고, 소화전과 이토변의 세척효과를 비교하였다. 적용 결과 소화전을 통과하는 수리학적 조건을 고려하지 않은 경우, 실제 발생하는 손실을 고려하지 못해 소화전에서 방출 가능한 유량 대비 큰 유량과 유속이 산출되는 결과를 보였고, 이토변의 경우는 긴 세척구간에도 세척유속과 유량의 확보가 용이하여 소화전에 비해 시간적. 효율적으로 큰 세척효과가 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 하지만, 실제 상수관망의 적용 시 이토변은 소화전에 비해 설치 개수가 적어 적용이 제한적이다. 이와같은 특성을 이해하여 실무자의 판단과 대상지역의 특징에 따라서 적절한 세척계획을 수립하는 것이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.258-261
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• 2004

In this study, the combined electrokinetic and ultrasonic remediation technique onto simple soil flushing was studied for the enhancement of water and liquid flows and the removal of contaminants in contaminated soils. The ultrasonic technique has been used to increase liquid flow and remove pollutants in contaminated soil. The laboratory soil flushing tests combined electrokinetic and ultrasonic technique were conducted using specially designed and fabricated devices to determine the effect of these both techniques. A series of laboratory permeability experiments involving the simple, electrokinetic, ultrasonic, and electrokinetic & ultrasonic flushing test were carried out. A soil admixed with sand and kaolin was used as a test specimen, and Pb and ethylene glycol were used as contaminants. An increase in out flow, permeability and contaminant removal rate was observed in electrokinetic and ultrasonic flushing tests.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.371-380
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• 2015

Particulate matters in a water distribution system are main causes of turbidity and discoloration of tap water. They could be removed by conventional or uni-directional flushing in a water distribution system. The behaviors and required flow velocity of particles are not well known for their flushing. A model water main and hydrant were made from transparent acrylic pipe of 30mm and 16mm in diameter, respectively. We analyzed the effect of flushing velocity, particle density, and particle diameter. We found that the existence of break-though velocities at which particles begin to be removed, and which are affected by their physical properties. The removal efficiencies seemed to be influenced by resuspension capabilities related to their upward movement from the bottom. Heavy particles like scale were hard to remove through upflow hydrant because the falling velocity, calculated using Stokes' law, was higher. Particle removal efficiencies of upward hydrant and downward drain showed minor differences. Additionally, the length between hydrant and control valve affected flushing efficiency because the particulate matters were trapped in this space by inertia and recirculating flow.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.334-343
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• 2003

The discharge gap clearly is to order and to promote the improvement of processing feature of die-sinking electro discharge machining(EDM). If creation carbon, which generated by Pyrolysis of EDM oil and processing pace power which is generated in between an electrode and a workpiece, are overproduced, they will lower the processing speed and roughness of the surface. Therefore, it is gone through an experiment and the flow analysis of EDM oil in order to improve the treatment of processing chips, which is an important problem by contriving a new flushing method. The condition of an electric discharge is not considered to be a progressing of processing. It is assumed that the flow of processing fluid is equal to the flow of processing chip, which is remaining in the discharge gap, and thus, analyzing then comparing with the data of the experiment and investigate its correlation.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 저수지 퇴사 및 배사현상을 모의하기 위한 준정류 모형을 제시하였다. 준정류 모형은 하상은 시간에 따라 변하지만 유동은 정상류라는 가정에 기초한다. 이것은 유동에 비해 매우 장기간에 걸쳐 하도형태가 변하기 때문에 타당하다. 개발된 모형을 저수지 퇴사에 관한 실내실험에 적용하였다. 수치계산을 통하여 상류측에서 공급되는 유사량에 따라 하도의 수심 및 하상경사가 조정되는 것을 보였다. 수치모의에 의한 수위와 하상고가 실험결과와 잘 일치하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 모형을 저수지 배사 현상에 관한 선행 실험 조건에 적용하였다. 이 경우에는 배사를 촉진시키기 위해 실험에서 부정류를 발생시켰기 때문에 준정류 모형에 의한 모의결과가 관측자료와 잘 일치하지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 마지막으로, 유사공급에 따른 평형 수심과 하상경사에 관한 공식을 제시하였으며 수치실험을 통하여 이를 검증하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.76-86
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• 2007

For the purpose of ground improvement by means of soil flushing systems. Incorporated technique with prefabricated vertical drains have been used for dewatering from fine-grained soils. The laboratory model tests were performed by using the flushing tracer solutions for silty soils and recorded the tracer concentration changes with the elapsed time and flow rates. A mathematical model for prediction of contaminant transport using the PVD technology has been developed. The clean-up times for the predictions on both soil condition indicate more of a sensitivity to the dispersivity parameter than to the extracted flow rate and vertical velocity parameters. Based on the results of the analyses, numerical analysis indicate that the most important factor to the in-situ soil remediation in prefabricated vertical drain system is the effective diameter of contaminated soil.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.272-277
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• 2005

The discharge gap clearly is to order and to promote the improvement of processing feature of die-sinking electro discharge machining(EDM). If creation carbon, which generated by pyrolysis of EDM oil and processing pace power which is generated in between an electrode and a workpiece, are overproduced, they will lower the processing speed and roughness of the surface. Therefore, it is gone through the .flow analysis of EDM oil in order to improve the treatment of processing chips, which is an important problem by contriving a new flushing method. The condition of an electric discharge is not considered to be a progressing of processing. It is assumed that the flow of processing fluid is equal to the flow of processing chip, which is remaining in the discharge gap, and analyzing its correlation.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2014

The flushing is important to maintain good water quality in water main. It is a technique of using water velocity to remove sediments in water distribution system. The variety of water quality problems can occur in a distribution system, so too can a variety of benefits be gained by system flushing. In order to effectively perform the flushing, the contaminants to be removed to set up and it can be solved, it is necessary to ensure the proper flow rate. In this study, the removal of contaminants present in the inner water pipe attached loose deposits such as fine particles of granular activated carbon, sand and iron corrosion product sought to derive flow rates. Thus, the constant observation of using pilot plant scale water distribution plant for the movement of floating characteristics of particles were assessed.