• 치위생과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2006

본 연구는 부산광역시 해운대구민의 수불사업에 대한 지식수준을 파악함과 동시에 수불사업 추진 시 나타날 수 있는 문제점에 대한 해결 방안을 마련할 목적으로 2005년 8월 5일부터 20일까지 해운대구민 460명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 해운대구민이 섭취하는 식수로서는 정수한 수돗물이 42.8%, 수돗물이 31.3% 였으며, 음식 조리시 사용하는 물의 종류로서 수돗물이 48.3%, 정수한 수돗물이 35.4%로 나타났다. 2. 수불사업에 대해 인지하고 경우는 35.7%, 인지하고 있지않은 경우가 42.0%로 인지하고 있는 경우의 35.7%보다 높게 나타났으며, 모르겠다라고 응답한 경우가 22.4%로 나타났다. 3. 수불사업 목적 인지율은 충치예방이 42.0%로 가장 높았으며, 수돗물 소독이 32.2%, 수돗물 정화가 15.0% 순으로 나타났다. 4. 수불사업 시행 시 찬성여부 및 요인으로는 찬성의 경우가 78.0%로 찬성하는 이유로 51.0%가 충치예방 때문이라고 답했으며, 반대하는 경우는 22.0%로 그 이유를 38.6%가 불소가 인체에 해로워서로 나타났다. 5. 식품과 음료, 물, 공기에 불소가 함유되어 있다는 사실인지여부에서는 인지하고 있는 경우는 21.3%로 낮게 나타났고, 인지하고 있지 않은 경우가 78.7% 였으며, 연령에서는 10대의 93.5%가 식품과 음료, 물, 공기의 불소함유 사실을 모르고 있었다. 6. 수불사업에 대한 안전성 인지율에서는 안전하다고 생각하는 경우는 39.3%였고, 잘 모르겠다는 경우가 55.7%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 수불사업의 인지획득 경로별 응답률은 언론보도가 28.3%로 가장 높았다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

수돗물불소농도조정사업 예정 지역인 인천광역시 사업기획에 활용할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 초등학교 아동 어머니들을 대상으로 사업에 대한 인식 및 찬반 의견과 관련요인을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 대상자의 사업 인지율은 31.0%, 사업목적 인지율은 24.5%였고, 찬성 50.3%, 반대 10.4%였으며, 사업 인지율은 거주지역(p<0.001)과 거주기간(p<0.05), 목적 인지율은 거주지역(p=0.01), 찬반율은 거주지역(p=0.001)과 거주기간(p<0.001), 연령(p<0.01) 모두에서 차이를 나타냈다. 2. 치아우식병 예방법 인지 및 시행여부에 따른 찬성율은 치면열구전색 인지군(56.8%)이 비인지군(37.3%)보다, 불소도포 인지군(60.7%)이 비인지군(39.2%)보다 높았다(p<0.001). 3. 수돗물불소농도조정사업 찬성은 거주지역에서 차이를 나타냈고, 사업 인지군이 비인지군에 비해 2.98배, 거주기간 5년 이상 군이 5년 미만 군에 비해 2.49배, 치면열구전색인지군이 비인지군에 비해 1.88배 높았다. 이상의 결과를 통해 지역주민이 사업 필요성을 인지하고 안전성을 신뢰할 수 있도록 전문가 교육과 홍보에 대한 적극적인 지원이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.194-207
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• 2018

Objectives: The water fluoridation program has been implemented since 2008 at the Daesan water treatment plant, Changwon City. The aim of this study is to evaluate caries preventive effect of permanent teeth from community water fluoridation program Methods: Evaluation surveys were conducted on 8-, 10- and 12-year olds in the fluoridated and non-fluoridated area of Uichang-gu and Seongsan-gu, Changwon City in 2015. The number of the subjects in 2015 was 722 in fluoridated area and 707 in non-fluoridated area. The caries preventive effect of permanent teeth by community water fluoridation was estimated by the differences in adjusted DMFT and DMFS scores between the program and control groups. Cofounders of mean number of fissure-sealed teeth or surfaces, and number of subjects by gender were adjusted to estimate the caries preventive effect of permanent teeth. Results: The mean DMFT score or DMFS score of children aged 8-, 10- and 12-years adjusted for the number of fissure-sealed teeth or surfaces in fluoridated area were significantly lower than those in non-fluoridated area in 2015. The caries preventive effect of permanent teeth estimated based on the difference of mean DMFT scores adjusted for fissure-sealed teeth, age and number of subjects by gender between control and program group among children was 37.3%. Conclusions: These results suggest that the caries preventive effect of permanent teeth from water fluoridation program at Daesan water treatment plant, Changwon City was so high that the water fluoridation program should be developed in other regions in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.296-302
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• 2017

Objectives: The water fluoridation program has been implemented since 2008, in a region of Geoje City. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the water fluoridation program on caries prevention in the permanent dentition. Methods: Evaluation surveys were conducted on 8-, 10- and 12-year-old children in the fluoridated and non-fluoridated regions of Geoje City, in 2015. The survey included 834 children from the fluoridated regions and 703 from the non-fluoridated regions. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistical package version 23.0. The effectiveness of community water fluoridation in caries prevention was estimated by the differences in the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, filled surfaces (DMFS) scores, between the program and control groups. The mean numbers of fissure-sealed teeth and surfaces were adjusted to reduce their confounding effect. Results: The mean DMFT and DMFS scores (0.69 and 0.91, respectively) of 10-year-olds from the fluoridated regions, after adjusting for the numbers of fissure-sealed teeth and surfaces, were significantly lower than those of the 10 year olds (DMFT: 0.95, DMFS: 1.32) from the non-fluoridated regions. The effectiveness of water fluoridation on caries prevention in the permanent dentition, estimated based on the differences in the mean DMFT and DMFS scores, adjusted for the number of fissure-sealed teeth and surfaces, between the program and control groups of 10-year-old children, was 27.4% and 31.1%, respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest that the effectiveness of water fluoridation on caries prevention in the permanent dentition, in Geoje City was so high that this program should be implemented in other regions in Korea as well.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2009

This paper investigated an overview of awareness for fluoride in the young christian association. 30% of men and 70% of women knew well the prevention of caries for fluoride and water fluoridation program and showed of 90% in 20's, 10% in 30's and 0.00% in 40's. 54%-known people for fluoride had each 37% of men and 63% of woman, then 46%-unknown people for fluoride had each 56.52% of man and 43.48% of women. This showed women knew well awareness for fluoride than men. This showed high level above 50% awareness for fluoride as 54% of comprehension for fluoride and 50% of water fluoridation program. Awareness of fluoride of the subjects known for fluoride, prevention of caries, effects of tooth and water fluoridation program appeared above 50% level as 54%, 47%, 45% and 50%, individually. Thus, tooth management in christian showed high level. But, awareness for fluoride of women in third condition 'unknown for mottled tooth' showed each 38%, 34% and 37%. The mottled tooth from an excessive fluoride appeared low level awareness for fluoride of women. It suggested hard scientific contents made woman subjects unknown the effects of fluoride for tooth.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.73-84
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• 1996

Fluoride was first introduced into the drinking water of residents of Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1945 for the prevention of dental caries. Ever since, growing numbers of communities favor fluoridation. Now, over 7000 communities in the United States are adding F(0.7~1.2ppm) to their drinking water. The most effective to prevent tooth decay is putting lower concentrated fluoride(F, 0.7~1.2ppm) into drinking water. However, exact fluoride injection amount have not been decided, because the research of the fluoride injection effect was insufficient. Therefore, after separating fluoridation and non-fluoridation into public water supplies, we investigated concentration of fluoride, alkalinity, Al, Ca, Mg, evaporation residuals in APT, domestic, commercial area. Then, we decided allowable concentration of fluoride, injection point of fluoride in water supply system, cost effectiveness.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2022

Objective: To investigate remineralizing effect of three fluoride regimens on artificially demineralized enamel around orthodontic bracket by analyzing mineral density (MD) acquired from micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods: Forty-eight bracket bonded bovine incisors were prepared to create demineralized enamel (DE) surface. The samples were divided into four groups according to the fluoride regimen: 1) no fluoridation, 2) 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel, 3) fluoridated toothpaste, and 4) 0.05% sodium fluoride mouthwash. Micro-CT was scanned after demineralization (T0), and 2 weeks (T1) and 4 weeks (T2) of fluoridation. Results: APF gel showed highest remineralization of DE during T1-T0 interval among the groups (p < 0.05); followed by toothpaste, mouthwash and no fluoridation. APF gel and toothpaste demonstrated significant increase in MD after 4 weeks of application (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Remineralization effects of three fluoride regimens were depicted through micro-CT analysis, of which APF gel was most effective.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

수불사업 시행에서 주민의 여론이 중요해짐에 따라 수불사업에 대한 의식에 관한 조사연구가 활발하게 이루어져야 하기 때문에 지역주민 534명을 대상으로 자기기입식 및 면접법을 통한 설문 내용을 빈도와 백분율, ${\chi}^2$분포를 따르는 교차분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 수불에 대한 인지와 사업실시에 대한 인식 조사 결과 수불사업의 인지여부는 '들어본 적 없다'가 50.9%, 수불사업의 찬성여부는 찬성이 63.7%로 가장 높았다. 2. 수돗물 불소농도 조정사업 인지도에 따른 사업의 찬반의견은 '들어본 적 있다'고 응답한 사람의 71.4%, '들어본 적 없다'고 응답한 사람의 56.3%가 시행찬성이라고 응답해서 인지도가 높을수록 수불사업 시행에 대해 찬성하는 경향이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 학력과 거주기간에 따른 수불사업 인지여부는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 학력이 높을수록 인지도가 높은 경향을 보여주고 있다. 4. 수불사업의 인지도를 정확히 아는 것은 수불사업 시행에 대한 찬성이나 반대의 의견을 표명하는데 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 수불사업에 '들어본 적 있다'고 응답한 사람은 15.6%만이 수불사업 찬반여부에 대해 '잘 모르겠다'고 응답한 반면, 수불사업에 '들어본 적 없다'고 응답한 사람의 34.2%가 수불사업 찬반여부에 대해 '잘 모르겠다'고 응답하였다. 이러한 결과는 수불사업 시행에 대한 찬반의사 표명에 주민들의 수불사업 인지도가 중요한 역할을 하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 5. 수불사업 시행 시 결정주체에 대해서는 여론조사를 통해서가 40.6%로 가장 높게 나타나는데 이는 지역 사회사업에 결정 시 주민들의 여론의 중요성을 강조한 결과로 보인다. 결론적으로 당진군 지역주민은 수돗물불소농도 조정사업에 대한 인지도가 높을수록 수불사업 실시에 대해 찬성하는 경향이 높아지는 것을 보여주었고, 지역사회 사업실시 결정에 대한 주체가 지역주민이 되어야 한다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 향후 수불사업실시를 위해서는 지역주민들이 수불사업의 필요성을 인식하고 찬성할 수 있도록 수불사업의 중요성과 필요성에 대한 교육프로그램 및 자료의 제작을 통해 적극적으로 홍보하는 방안을 강구해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.377-383
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• 2018

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effects of external tooth bleaching with flouridation on the appearance of white spot lesions (WSLs) in vitro. Methods: In total, 125 bracket-bonded bovine incisor enamel blocks with artificial WSLs were randomly divided into a control group and four treatment groups (home bleaching, home bleaching + fluoridation, in-office bleaching, and in-office bleaching + fluoridation). A spectroradiometer (SR) and digital images (DIs) were used to evaluate colorimetric parameters (Commission Internationale l'Eclairage $L^*a^*b^*$) for all specimens. Color measurements were obtained before WSL formation (T1), after WSL formation (T2), and after completion of the external tooth bleaching treatment (T3). Results: The SRbased color change after bleaching was significantly greater in the treatment groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). SR-based lightness ($L^*$) and redgreen ($a^*$) values were significantly higher at T2 than at T1 (p < 0.001), with no significant changes in yellow-blue ($b^*$) values. At T3, SR-based $L^*$ values had increased while $a^*$ and $b^*$ values had decreased in the treatment groups (p < 0.001). The DI-based color difference between the sound enamel and WSL areas (DE*DI) increased significantly from T1 to T2 in all groups (p < 0.001) and significantly decreased from T2 to T3 in the treatment groups (p < 0.001). No significant differences in ${\Delta}E^*DI$ at T3 were shown between the four treatment groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested that external tooth bleaching with fluoridation can alleviate the conspicuity of WSLs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2008

Objectives : Fluoridation of drinking water is known to decrease dental caries, particularly in children. However, the effects of fluoridated water on bone over several decades are still in controversy. To assess the risk of hip fracture related to water fluoridation, we evaluated the hip fracture-related hospitalizations of the elderly between a fluoridated city and non-fluoridated cities in Korea. Methods : Cheongju as a fluoridated area and Chungju, Chuncheon, Suwon, Wonju as non-fluoridated areas were chosen for the study. We established a database of hip fracture hospitalization episode based on the claims data submitted to the Health Insurance Review Agency from January 1995 to December 2002. The hip fracture hospitalization episodes that satisfied the conditions were those that occurred in patients over 65 years old, the injuries had a hip fracture code (ICD-9 820, ICD-10 S72) and the patients were hospitalized for at least 7days. A total of 80,558 cases of hip fracture hospitalization episodes were analyzed. Results : The admission rates for hip fracture increased with the age of the men and women in both a fluoridated city and the non-fluoridated cities (p<0.01). The relative risk of hip fracture increased significantly both for men and women as their age increased. However, any difference in the hip fracture admission rates was not consistently observed between the fluoridated city and the non-fluoridated cities. Conclusions : We cannot conclude that fluoridation of drinking water increases the risk of hip fracture in the elderly.