• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.633-644
• /
• 2020

Rice paper is an element of Vietnamese cuisine that can be used to wrap vegetables and meat. Rice and starch are the main ingredients of rice paper and their mixing ratio is important for quality control. In a commercial factory, assessment of food safety and quantitative supply is a challenging issue. A rapid and non-destructive monitoring system is therefore necessary in commercial production systems to ensure the food safety of rice and starch flour for the rice paper wrap. In this study, fluorescence hyperspectral imaging technology was applied to classify grain flours. Using the 3D hyper cube of fluorescence hyperspectral imaging (fHSI, 420 - 730 nm), spectral and spatial data and chemometric methods were applied to detect and classify flours. Eight flours (rice: 4, starch: 4) were prepared and hyperspectral images were acquired in a 5 (L) × 5 (W) × 1.5 (H) cm container. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA), support vector machine (SVM), classification and regression tree (CART), and random forest (RF) with a few preprocessing methods (multivariate scatter correction [MSC], 1^st and 2^nd derivative and moving average) were applied to classify grain flours and the accuracy was compared using a confusion matrix (accuracy and kappa coefficient). LDA with moving average showed the highest accuracy at A = 0.9362 (K = 0.9270). 1D convolutional neural network (CNN) demonstrated a classification result of A = 0.94 and showed improved classification results between mimyeon flour (MF)1 and MF2 of 0.72 and 0.87, respectively. In this study, the potential of non-destructive detection and classification of grain flours using fHSI technology and machine learning methods was demonstrated.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.973-979
• /
• 2023

Objective: The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system, which is the most efficient and reliable tool for precisely targeted modification of the genome of living cells, has generated considerable excitement for industrial applications as well as scientific research. In this study, we developed a gene-editing and detection system for chick embryo sexing during the embryonic stage. Methods: By combining the CRISPR/Cas9 technical platform and germ cell-mediated germline transmission, we not only generated Z chromosome-targeted knockin chickens but also developed a detection system for fluorescence-positive male chicks in the embryonic stage. Results: We targeted a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene into a specific locus on the Z chromosome of chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs), resulting in the production of Z^GFP-knockin chickens. By mating Z^GFP-knockin females (Z^GFP/W) with wild males (Z/Z) and using a GFP detection system, we could identify chick sex, as the GFP transgene was expressed on the Z chromosome only in male offspring (Z^GFP/Z) even before hatching. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the CRISPR/Cas9 technical platform with chicken PGCs facilitates the production of specific genome-edited chickens for basic research as well as practical applications.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 레이저 형광법을 이용해 초기 치아우식증을 광학적으로 진단하기 위해 진단감도를 높이는 것이다. 소의 치아를 STPP 인공우식병소 유발용액에 침잠시키고 다양한 깊이의 병소를 유발한 후 표면에 아르곤 레이저를 이용해 형광현상을 유도하고 여러 가지 필터를 부착한 CCD 카메라로 이와 같은 형광현상을 촬영하여 컴퓨터로 전송하였다. 컴퓨터 영상분석 프로그램을 이용하여 병소 표면에서의 광밀도를 측정하였다. 이 실험에서 사용한 필터는 노랑색, 호박색, 오렌지색, 그리고 빨강색이였으며 광밀도를 측정한 후에는 치아 시편을 절단하여 편광현미경으로 실제 조직학적 병소의 깊이를 측정하고 병소의 깊이와 여러 가지 필터를 사용하여 측정한 병소 표면에서의 광밀도간의 상관관계를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 조직학적 병소의 깊이가 증가될수록 호박색과 오렌지색 필터를 사용하여 측정한 병소 표면에서의 광밀도는 증가되었다. 2. 병소 표면에서의 광밀도와 조직학적 병소의 깊이 사이의 상관계수는 오렌지색 필터가 가장 컸으며(r=0.49), 다음 호박색(r=0.32) 노랑색(r=0.13), 빨강색(r=0.01) 순 이였다. 3. 회귀분석결과 오렌지색 필터를 사용한 경우 병소표면에서의 광밀도와 조직학적 깊이 사이에 가장 직선에 가까운 회귀방정식을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 오렌지색 필터가 건전치질과 우식치질 사이의 색조대비를 잘 표현하여 진단감도를 높일 수 있는 방법으로 생각되며 이와 같은 레이저 형광법으로 치아우식증의 조기탐지는 물론 비침습적 방법으로 치아우식증의 진행정도를 평가할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 1998

Fluorscence in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific probe has been shown to be a valid and rapid method for detection of chromosome rearrangements induced by chemical and physical agents. This method is useful for quantifying structural aberrations, expecially for stable ones, such as translocation and insertion, which are difficult to detect with conventional method in human lymphocyte. In order to use the FISH method as a biodosimeter for monitoring human population exposed to various chemical and physical agent, baseline level of chromosome rearragement was established. Blood from forty four healthy adults were collected and analysed with whole chromosome-specific probes by human chromosome 1,2 and 4. The frequencies of stable translocation were 2.45 per 100 cell equivalent and those of insertion, color juction, acentric and dicentric were 0.32, 3.28, 0.23 and 0.27 per 100 cell equivalent respectively. The frequencies of chromosome rearragements increased with age in both sexes except for dicenrics. From above result, stable aberrations accumulate with age and it may reflect integrated lifetime exposure of adverse environment.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.193-196
• /
• 2010

Multiplex PCR-based short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is considered as a good tool for monitoring bone marrow engraftment after sex-mismatched allogeneic transplantation and provides a sensitive and accurate assessment of the contribution of both donor and/or recipient cells in post-transplantation specimens. Forensic STR analysis and quantitative real time PCR are used to determine the proportion of donor versus recipient each contained within the total DNA. The STR markers were co-amplified in a single reaction by using commercial $PowerPlex^{(R)}$ 16 system and $AmpFISTR^{(R)}$ $Identifiler^{(R)}$ / $Yfiler^{(R)}$ PCR amplification kits. Separation of the PCR products and fluorescence detection were performed by ABI $PRIS^{(R)}$ 3100 Genetic Analyzer with capillary electrophoresis. The $GeneMapper^{TM}$ ID software were used for size calling and analysis of STR profiles. Extracted DNA was quantified by the $Quantifiler^{TM}$ Human DNA / Y Human Male DNA Quantification Kit The intent of this study was to analyze the ratio of donor versus recipient cells in the post-transplant peripheral blood, spleen, lung and kidney specimens. Specimens were taken from the traffic accident male victim who had been engrafted from bone marrow female donor. Blood and spleen specimens displayed female donor DNA profile. Kidney specimen showed male recipient DNA profile. Interestingly, lung tissue showed mixed profiles. The findings of this study indicate that the forensic STR analysis using fluorescence labeling PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis is quick and reliable enough to assess the ratio of donor versus recipient cells and to monitor the mixed chimeric patterns.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.433-438
• /
• 1997

Triton X-100 계면할성제 존재하에서, $Eu^{3+}$-thenoyltrifluoroacetone(TTA)계의 형광세기의 n-octanol 영향에 관해 연구하였고, n-octanol의 정량을 위한 최적 조건을 규명하였다. 이 착물계에서 들뜨기 파장을 345nm로 주사했을 때, $Eu^{3+}$ 이온의 최대 형광파장은 619nm에서 나타났다. n-octanol의 검정곡선은 $1{\times}10^{-5}M{\sim}1{\times}10^{-7}M$의 범위에서 직선적인 관계를 얻었고, 검출한계는 $1{\times}10^{-9}M$이었다. 이 방법을 이용하여 합성시료를 분석한 결과 분석오차내에서 기지값과 일치하였으며, 상대표준편차는 약 3.5%였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.1026-1030
• /
• 2009

A novel Schiff base ligand (N, O system) 5-methoxy-2-phenyliminomethylphenol ($5-CH_3O-PMP$) was synthesized. Using the synthesized ligand as a fluorescent reagent, a fluorometric method was developed for the quantitative analysis of Al(III) ion. The quantitative analysis of Al(III) ion was performed by making the complex compound between Al(III) ion and $5-CH_3O-PMP$ in ethanol-water solution (85/15, v/v, pH 6.2). The excitation wavelength (${\lambda}em$) of the complex compound was 397 nm while the emmision wavelength (${\lambda}em$) was 498 nm. The quantitative analysis of Al(III) ion was carried out by estimating the fluorescence intensity. The various calibration curves were used for the quantitative analysis in the range of 0.27$\sim$27 ng/mL Al(III) ion concentrations. The detection limit was 0.027 ng/mL. Using the fluorometric method developed in this study, satisfying results were obtained from various samples such as tap water, hot spring water, river water, sea water and waste water, which contained considerable amounts of interfering ions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.1252-1256
• /
• 2009

A simple, selective and sensitive fluorescence quenching method was developed to the determination Cr(VI). The method is based on the oxidation of $I^-\;to\;{{I_3}^-}$ by Cr(VI) in sulfuric acid solution followed by immediate formation of ion association compound between I3 − and rhodamine 6G in Tween-80 micellar media at room temperature. The influence of several surfactants on rhodamine 6G fluorescence signal was studied; particular attention was paid in the aggregation behavior of rhodamine 6G–Tween-80 system. The experimental parameters (e.g., type of surfactant, reagent concentration) were studied and the optimal conditions were established. The linear calibration graph was obtained in the range 2.0 - 100.0 ng m$L^{-1}$ Cr(VI). The detection limit of the method was 0.37 ng m$L^{-1}$. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) is less than 5% (n = 5). The efficiency of the method for the determination of Cr(VI) in the presence of Cr(III) in the sample was investigated. The method was applied successfully to the determination of Cr(VI) and total Cr in water, and liver tissue samples.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.429-433
• /
• 2017

Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium) are susceptible to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). TMV-based expression vectors have been used in high-throughput experiments for production of foreign protein in plants and also expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) to allow visualization of TMV movement. Here, we used TMV expressing the GFP to examine the infection of chrysanthemum by a TMV-based expression vector. Viral replication, movement and GFP expression by TMV-GFP were verified in upper leaves of chrysanthemums up to 73 days post inoculation (dpi) by RT-PCR. Neither wild-type TMV nor TMV-GFP induced symptoms. GFP fluorescence was seen in the larger veins of the inoculated leaf, in the stem above the inoculation site and in petioles of upper leaves, although there was no consistent detection of GFP fluorescence in the lamina of upper leaves under UV. Thus, a TMV-based expression vector can infect chrysanthemum and can be used for the in vivo study of gene functions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.1783-1790
• /
• 2013

A simultaneous analytical method has been developed for the fluorimetric determination of haloacetonitriles (HANs) [dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN), dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN), haloacetamides [dichloroacetamide (DCAD), and trichloroacetamde (TCAD)] in drinking water by using the combined on-line perconcentration/reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)-postcolumn detection system. This on-line perconcentration system was achieved by employing a precolumn packed with a commercial solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the enrichment and purification of the target analytes. The haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides were separated on CN analytical column in a 7.5% methanol-0.02 M phosphate buffered mobile phase at pH 3. The column effluents were reacted with postcolumn reagents of ophthaldialdehyde (OPA) and sulfite ion at pH 11.5, to produce a highly fluorescent isoindole fluorophore, which were measured with a fluorescence detector. Under the optimized conditions for RPLC and the postcolumn derivatization system all of the coefficient of determination of the standard calibration curves for the target analytes were over 0.99 and had a linear range from 5 to 100 ${\mu}g/L$. The detection limits showed 1.6 ${\mu}g/L$ for DCAD, 0.1 ${\mu}g/L$ for TCAD, 0.6 ${\mu}g/L$ for DCAN, 1.6 ${\mu}g/L$ for TCAN and 1 ${\mu}g/L$ for DBAN, and the recoveries were ranged from 64 to 99% except for DCAD with precisions less than 4.9% in distilled water, and from 72(${\pm}4%$) to 116%(${\pm}2%$) in tap water.