• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2024

This study attempts to derive measures to improve content claims of free antibiotic livestock products(FLP) through analyzing situations for the FLP market and results of survey for its providers. Recently the number of certified farms has been decreasing, but shipments per farm has been increasing. Furthermore as the COVID-19 has increased health and environmental concern, shipments of FLP have showed a steady increase. The distribution channel of FLP, regardless of varieties, is similar to that of general livestock products(GLP). The major results from survey for providers of FLP are little difference in between content claims of GLP and FLP and low utilization of FLP in production of livestock processed products compared with its shipments. The policies for content claims of FLP suggested by this study are permission of FLP authentication labelling for livestock processed products and permission of those which contain FLP over 70% in the first step.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.789-799
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• 2019

교대, 통로박스 등 말뚝기초로 지지된 구조물에서는 침하가 거의 발생하지 않지만, 구조물 저면 하부에는 공동이 발생하게 된다. 이에 따른 문제점으로는 측면지반에서 공동으로 유출된 토사에 의해 구조물 측면 지반의 침하를 가속화하여 더 큰 침하가 발생하게 된다. 따라서 말뚝 기초로 지지된 구조물 하부의 공동 발생으로 인한 문제점을 예방하고자 구조물의 측면에 쉽게 설치가 가능한 토사유입차단판(soil Flow Protector; 이하 'FLP')이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 FLP의 침하감소 효과를 입증하고 최적 길이를 산정하고자 실내모형실험을 수행하였고, 그 결과 FLP의 설치함으로서 측면지반의 침하량이 감소하고 공동으로의 토사 유출을 방지하였고, FLP의 강성이 작으면 상부의 토압은 정지 또는 주동영역이 되어 안정성에 유리하지 않지만, 충분히 크면 상부의 토압은 수동영역이 되어 안정성에 유리하다. 또한 FLP의 강성이 작은 경우에는 일정 길이 비 이상에서는 오히려 감소하였으나, 큰 경우에는 설치길이가 증가할수록 침하량 감소에 효과적이다. 이에 따른 박스구조물 높이(H = 250 mm)에 대한 최적 길이 비는 연성 1.38, 강성 0.73으로 산정되었다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 1997

In order to express the FLP recombinase in B. mori cultured cell line, BmN-4, transient expression system using a heat shock protein gene (hsp70) promoter of Dorosophilla melnogaster was constructed. This vector was designated as pHsSV. Activity strength of the hsp70 promoter was compared with that of immediate early gene (IE-1) and polyhedrin gene of BmNPV employing the E. coli $\beta$-galactosidase gene as a reporter gene. The result showed that the pHs $\beta$-gal plasmid vector expressed the $\beta$-galactosidase at 2nd and 3rd day after the transfer of plasmid DNA into BmN-4 cells, which was similar to that of pIE1 $\beta$-gal vector, but different from that of a recombinant virus, vBm $\beta$-gal. For the construction of FLP recombinase transient expression vector, the FLP recombinase gene was cloned by polymerase chain reaction technique. To express the FLP recombinase, this gene was inserted into pHsSV plasmid vector, under the control of the hsp70 promotor, and tranfected in BmN-4 cells. The expressed FLP recombinase was estimated at 44kDa on a 12.5% SDS-PAGE.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2005

Facility location planning (FLP) problem is the strategic level planning in supply chain. The FLP is significantly affected by the operation time of each facility. In most of the FLP researches, operation time of facility has been treated as a fixed value. However, the operation time is not a static factor in real situations and the fixed operation time may lead unrealistic FLP. In this paper, a mixed integer programming (MIP) model is proposed for solving the 3-stage FLP problem and operation times are adjusted by the results from the simulation model and an iterative approach combining the analytic model and simulation model is proposed to obtain more realistic operation plans for FLP problems.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1342-1351
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• 2008

The feasibility of the use of Flp-mediated cassette exchange in the development of a CHO cell line, which produces erythropoietin (EPO) stably and largely, was investigated. A stable, high enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)-producing clone was screened by extensive flow cytometric analysis. An EPO expression unit was targeted into the premarked locus of the stable parental clone by Flp-mediated cassette exchange and a correctly targeted clone (FC28T7) was obtained. The EPO production of FC28T7 was proven to be stable in long-term culture. Furthermore, the Flp-mediated cassette exchange did not alter the stable parental clone's characteristics concerning transgene expression level and stability. Taken together, the data obtained here indicated that the establishment of CHO cell lines stably producing a desired protein is achievable using Flp-mediated cassette exchange.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.529-537
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• 2021

Most animals face frequent periods of starvation throughout their entire life and thus need to appropriately adjust their behavior and metabolism during starvation for their survival. Such adaptive responses are regulated by a complex set of systemic signals, including hormones and neuropeptides. While much progress has been made in identifying pathways that regulate nutrient-excessive states, it is still incompletely understood how animals systemically signal their nutrient-deficient states. Here, we showed that the FMRFamide neuropeptide FLP-20 modulates a systemic starvation response in Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that mutation of flp-20 rescued the starvation hypersensitivity of the G protein β-subunit gpb-2 mutants by suppressing excessive autophagy. FLP-20 acted in AIB neurons, where the metabotropic glutamate receptor MGL-2 also functions to modulate a systemic starvation response. Furthermore, FLP-20 modulated starvation-induced fat degradation in a manner dependent on the receptor-type guanylate cyclase GCY-28. Collectively, our results reveal a circuit that senses and signals nutrient-deficient states to modulate a systemic starvation response in multicellular organisms.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 1998

For the construction of plasmid and bmNPV sarrying the FRT recognition site for the FLP recombinases, we synthesized the wild type FRT dligonucleotides. The target FRT sequences consist of three 13bp repeated DNA sequences; two repeats in a direct orientation and one inverted relative to the other two. In addition, there is an 8bp spacer region between the repeats which determune the orientation of the FRT recombination site. In order to place the FRT site both in target BmNPV genome and the transfer vector, we constructed a plasmid, FRT site both in the target BmNPv genome and the transfer vector, we constructed a plasmid, pFRT$\beta$-gal, carrying the FRT sites within the cloning sites of pSV vector and a recombinant BmNPV, vFRTPH, carrying the FRT sites at a downstream of polyhedrin promotor, respectively. In order to test the functionality of the FLP/FRT site-specific recombination system, vFRTPH, pFRT$\beta$-gal and pHsFLP DNA were co-transfected into BmN-4 cells. The resulting recombinant virus was designated a vFRT$\beta$2-gal. From construction analysis of the vFRT$\beta$2-gal with PCR technique it was concluded that the entire pFRT$\beta$-gal plasmid with $\beta$-galactosidase gene and origines of replication flanked by two functional hybrid FRT sequences. The efficiency of recombination was 8.7%, which was higher than that(2.2%) of recombination between a conventional transfer vector and the wild type BmNPV.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2023

Neuronal differentiation is highly coordinated through a cascade of gene expression, mediated via interactions between trans-acting transcription factors and cis-regulatory elements of their target genes. However, the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation that determine neuronal cell-fate are not fully understood. Here, we show that the nuclear transcription factor Y (NF-Y) subunit, NFYA-1, is necessary and sufficient to express the flp-3 neuropeptide gene in the IL1 neurons of C. elegans. flp-3 expression is decreased in dorsal and lateral, but not ventral IL1s of nfya-1 mutants. The expression of another terminally differentiated gene, eat-4 vesicular glutamate transporter, is abolished, whereas the unc-8 DEG/ENaC gene and pan-neuronal genes are expressed normally in IL1s of nfya-1 mutants. nfya-1 is expressed in and acts in IL1s to regulate flp-3 and eat-4 expression. Ectopic expression of NFYA-1 drives the expression of flp-3 gene in other cell-types. Promoter analysis of IL1-expressed genes results in the identification of several cis-regulatory motifs which are necessary for IL1 expression, including a putative CCAAT-box located in the flp-3 promoter that NFYA-1 directly interacts with. NFYA-1 and NFYA-2, together with NFYB-1 and NFYC-1, exhibit partly or fully redundant roles in the regulation of flp-3 or unc-8 expression, respectively. Taken together, our data indicate that the NF-Y complex regulates neuronal subtype-specification via regulating a set of terminal-differentiation genes.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.76-76
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• 2003

We report here the results on N-acetyl-N'-methylamide of 4-fluoroproline (Ac-Flp-NHMe) calculated using the ab initio molecular orbital method with the self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) theory at the HF level with the 6-31+G(d) basis set to investigate the stereoelectronic effects on the conformational preference of proline depending on the cis/trans peptide bonds and down/up puckerings along the backbone torsion angle $\square$ in the gas phase, chloroform, and water. In the gas phase, all potential energy surfaces for Ac-Flp-NHMe are quite similar to those of Ac-Pro-NHMe, except that up-puckered conformations are more stabilized than down-puckered ones. In chloroform and water, polyproline structures become dominant, whose populations are larger than those of Ac-Pro-NHMe. In chloroform and water, the populations of polyproline II (i.e., tF conformations) are quite similar to each other, but those of polyproline I (i.e., cF conformations) are larger by 5％ in water than in chloroform. In particular, all cis populations for Ac-Flp-NHMe in the gas phase, chloroform, and water are decreased than those of Ac-Pro-NHMe.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.494-503
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacies of two-implant splinting (2-IS) and single-implant restoration (1-IR) in the first and second molar regions over a mean functional loading period (FLP) of 40 months, and to propose the appropriate clinical considerations for the splinting technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The following clinical factors were examined in the 1-IR and 2-IS groups based on the total hospital records of the patients: sex, mean age, implant location, FLP, bone grafting, clinical crown-implant ratio, crown height space, and horizontal distance. The mechanical complications [i.e., screw loosening (SL), screw fracture, crown fracture, and repeated SL] and biological complications [i.e., peri-implant mucositis (PM) and peri-implantitis (PI)] were also evaluated for each patient. In analysis of two groups, the chi-square test and Student's t-test were used to identify the relationship between clinical factors and complication rates. The optimal cutoff value for the FLP based on complications was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics analysis. RESULTS. In total, 234 patients with 408 implants that had been placed during 2005 - 2014 were investigated. The incident rates of SL (P<.001), PM (P=.002), and PI (P=.046) differed significantly between the 1-IR and 2-IS groups. The FLP was the only meaningful clinical factor for mechanical and biological complication rates in 2-IS. CONCLUSION. The mechanical complication rates were lower for 2-IS than for 1-IR, while the biological complication rates were higher for 2-IS. FLP of 39.80 and 46.57 months were the reference follow-up periods for preventing biological and mechanical complications, respectively.