• 제목/요약/키워드: Flow state

검색결과 3,205건 처리시간 0.041초

통계적 분석에 의한 정상상태조건을 만족하는 교통량-밀도 관계 도출 (Flow-density Relations Satisfying Stationary Conditions using Statistical Analysis)

  • 김영호
    • 대한교통학회지
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.135-142
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    • 2006
  • 교통류 이론에서 fundamental diagram이라고 불리는 교통량-밀도 관계는 stationary 상태에서의 교통량과 밀도사이의 평형관계 (equilibrium relation)를 나타낸다 본 연구에서는 개별차량 데이터를 이용하여 교통량-밀도 관계의 전제조건인 stationary 조건을 만족하는 데이터를 추출하는 방법을 제시하였고, stationary 조건을 만족하는 데이터를 교통량-밀도 평면에 도시하였다. 개별차량의 흐름이 자유교통류상태와 혼잡교통류상태에서 상이하며 지점에서 관측된 데이터가 서로 다른 특성의 시계열특성을 보인다는 점에 근거하여 두 가지 상태에 따라 서로 다른 stationary조건을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 stationary 조건을 실제로 관측된 데이터에 적용한 결과 자유교통류상태의 stationary조건을 만족하는 데이터는 현재까지 알려진 바와 같이 교통류-밀도 관계의 왼쪽가지에 위치하고. 혼잡교통류상태의 stationary조건을 만족하는 데이터는 교통류-밀도관계의 오른쪽 가지에 위치한다. 또한 본 연구에서 제시된 방법론에 따라 교통류-밀도관계의 전범위에 걸쳐 stationary조건을 만족하는 데이터를 구별하여 교통류-밀도평면에 도시한 결과 교통류의 거의 전영역에 걸쳐 재현 가능한 관계가 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Hybrid medium model for conjugate heat transfer modeling in the core of sodium-cooled fast reactor

  • Wang, X.A.;Zhang, Dalin;Wang, Mingjun;Song, Ping;Wang, Shibao;Liang, Yu;Zhang, Yapei;Tian, Wenxi;Qiu, Suizheng;Su, G.H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제52권4호
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    • pp.708-720
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    • 2020
  • Core-wide temperature distribution in sodium-cooled fast reactor plays a key role in its decay heat removal process, however the prediction for temperature distribution is quite complex due to the conjugate heat transfer between the assembly flow and the inter-wrapper flow. Hybrid medium model has been proposed for conjugate heat transfer modeling in the core. The core is modeled with a Realistic modeled inter-wrapper flow and hybrid medium modeled assembly flow. To validate present model, simulations for a three-assembly model were performed with Realistic modeling, traditional porous medium model and hybrid medium model, respectively. The influences of Uniform/Non-Uniform power distribution among assemblies and the Peclet number within the assembly flow have been considered. Compared to traditional porous medium model, present model shows a better agreement with in Realistic modeling prediction of the temperature distribution and the radial heat transfer between the inter-wrapper flow and the assembly flow.

PIV measurement and numerical investigation on flow characteristics of simulated fast reactor fuel subassembly

  • Zhang, Cheng;Ju, Haoran;Zhang, Dalin;Wu, Shuijin;Xu, Yijun;Wu, Yingwei;Qiu, Suizheng;Su, G.H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제52권5호
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    • pp.897-907
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    • 2020
  • The flow characteristics of reactor fuel assembly always intrigue the designers and the experimentalists among the myriad phenomena that occur simultaneously in a nuclear core. In this work, the visual experimental method has been developed on the basis of refraction index matching (RIM) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) techniques to investigate the detailed flow characteristics in China fast reactor fuel subassembly. A 7-rod bundle of simulated fuel subassembly was fabricated for fine examination of flow characteristics in different subchannels. The experiments were performed at condition of Re=6500 (axial bulk velocity 1.6 m/s) and the fluid medium was maintained at 30℃ and 1.0 bar during operation. As for results, axial and lateral flow features were observed. It is shown that the spiral wire has an inhibitory effect on axial flow and significant intensity of lateral flow mixing effect is induced by the wire. The root mean square (RMS) of lateral velocity fluctuation was acquired after data processing, which indicates the strong turbulence characteristics in different flow subchannels.

영상콘텐츠 시청자의 몰입상황 분석을 위한 몰입감정상태 연구 (A Study on Flow-emotion-state for Analyzing Flow-situation of Video Content Viewers)

  • 김승환;김철기
    • 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.400-414
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    • 2018
  • It is required for today's video contents to interact with a viewer in order to provide more personalized experience to viewer(s) than before. In order to do so by providing friendly experience to a viewer from video contents' systemic perspective, understanding and analyzing the situation of the viewer have to be preferentially considered. For this purpose, it is effective to analyze the situation of a viewer by understanding the state of the viewer based on the viewer' s behavior(s) in the process of watching the video contents, and classifying the behavior(s) into the viewer's emotion and state during the flow. The term 'Flow-emotion-state' presented in this study is the state of the viewer to be assumed based on the emotions that occur subsequently in relation to the target video content in a situation which the viewer of the video content is already engaged in the viewing behavior. This Flow-emotion-state of a viewer can be expected to be utilized to identify characteristics of the viewer's Flow-situation by observing and analyzing the gesture and the facial expression that serve as the input modality of the viewer to the video content.

Mechanism analysis on fluidelastic instability of tube bundles in considering of cross-flow effects

  • Lai, Jiang;Sun, Lei;Gao, Lixia;Li, Pengzhou
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.310-316
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    • 2019
  • Fluidelastic instability is a key issue in steam generator tube bundles subjected in cross-flow. With a low flow velocity, a large amplitude vibration of the tube observed by many researchers. However, the mechanism of this vibration is seldom analyzed. In this paper, the mechanism of cross-flow effects on fluidelastic instability of tube bundles was investigated. Analysis reveals that when the system reaches the critical state, there would be two forms, with two critical velocities, and thus two expressions for the critical velocities were obtained. Fluidelastic instability experiment and numerical analysis were conducted to obtain the critical velocity. And, if system damping is small, with increases of the flow velocity, the stability behavior of tube array changes. At a certain flow velocity, the stability of tube array reaches the first critical state, a dynamic bifurcation occurs. The tube array returns to a stable state with continues to increase the flow velocity. At another certain flow velocity, the stability of tube array reaches the second critical state, another dynamic bifurcation occurs. However, if system damping is big, there is only one critical state with increases the flow velocity. Compared the results of experiments to numerical analysis, it shows a good agreement.

Experimental study on vertically upward steam-water two-phase flow patterns in narrow rectangular channel

  • Zhou, Jiancheng;Ye, Tianzhou;Zhang, Dalin;Song, Gongle;Sun, Rulei;Deng, Jian;Tian, Wenxi;Su, G.H.;Qiu, Suizheng
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제53권1호
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    • pp.61-68
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    • 2021
  • Experiments of vertically upward steam-water two-phase flow have been carried out in single-side heated narrow rectangular channel with a gap of 3 mm. Flow patterns were identified and classified through visualization directly. Slug flow was only observed at 0.2 MPa but replaced by block-bubble flow at 1.0 MPa. Flow pattern maps at the pressure of 0.2 MPa and 1.0 MPa were plotted and the difference was analyzed. The experimental data has been compared with other flow pattern maps and transition criteria. The results show reasonable agreement with Hosler's, while a wide discrepancy is observed when compared with air-water two-phase experimental data. Current criteria developed based on air-water experiments poorly predict bubble-slug flow transition due to the different formation and growth of bubbles. This work is significant for researches on heat transfer, bubble dynamics and flow instability.

플로우 4경로모형의 마음상태와 플레이(play) (State of Mind in the Flow 4-Channel Model and Play)

  • 손준상
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.1-29
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구에서는 플로우 4경로모형에서 마음상태와 플레이(play)가 하는 역할과 그 결과를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 선행요인인 도전감 및 숙련도의 조합에 따른 마음상태를 측정하고, 플레이를 플로우 4경로모형에 투입하여 플로우이론에서 가설적으로 제시하고 있는 마음상태와 플레이의 영향관계를 분석하였다. 또한 플로우와 플레이의 웹충성도에 대한 영향도 분석하였다. 가설검정 결과에서는 첫째, 도전감과 숙련도의 조합에 따라 플로우, 두려움, 지루함, 무관심의 마음상태가 형성되는 것이 확인되었다. 그러나 두려움의 수준은 도전감과 숙련도가 모두 가장 낮은 무관심집단에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 이런 결과는 플로우이론의 설명과 일치하지 않는데, 무관심집단은 두려움으로 인해 온라인 쇼핑을 회피하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 둘째, 도전감과 숙련도에 따라 구분된 집단 간에 플레이 수준에서 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 플레이는 플로우에 대해서는 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤고, 지루함에 대해서는 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나 두려움과 무관심에 대해서는 부(-)의 영향효과가 유의적이지 않았다. 넷째, 플레이와 플로우는 웹충성도에 유의적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 부정적 마음상태인 두려움, 지루함, 무관심은 웹충성도에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 플레이의 웹충성도에 대한 영향은 부정적 마음상태에서 강화되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 플로우 4경로모형에서의 마음상태를 확인하기 위해 이를 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하여 사용하였다. 마음상태별로 수립한 4개의 구조방정식 모형을 통해 플로우 뿐만 아니라 두려움, 지루함, 무관심의 부정적 마음상태에서 발생하는 영향관계를 종합적으로 입증하였다. 이런 결과는 부정적 마음상태의 영향을 확인하였다는 점에서 이론발전에 기여하였다고 본다. 또한, 플로우모형에서 플레이의 역할을 규명하였다는 점에서도 의미가 있다. 본 연구는 실무적으로도 인터넷 소비자들의 마음상태에 따른 시장세분화와 플레이를 활용한 마케팅전략수립에 시사점을 제공한다.

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융복합시대 간호대학생의 협동학습수업 몰입상태에 영향을 미치는 요인 (Factors influencing flow state of cooperative learning among nursing students: in convergence era)

  • 김민숙;윤순영
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제13권10호
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    • pp.397-403
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 융복합시대의 간호대학생에게 협동학습수업 몰입상태에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 시도되었다. 자료는 2015년 4월부터 6월까지 총 6주간 간호학과 신입생 2개 학급 93명으로부터 수집되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 기술통계, Pearson's correlation coefficient를 실시하였으며 몰입상태에 영향을 미치는 요인은 다중회귀분석을 이용하였다. 연구결과, 협동학습수업 몰입상태는 전공만족도, 협동학습수업 만족도와 상관관계가 있었다. 전공만족도와 협동학습수업 만족도가 협동학습수업 몰입상태의 예측요인으로 설명력은 65.4%이었으며 협동학습 수업만족도가 몰입상태에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 확인되었다. 이는 몰입상태를 최대화시키기 위한 교수법 적용의 근거를 제시해주고 있다.

CFD/RELAP5 coupling analysis of the ISP No. 43 boron dilution experiment

  • Ye, Linrong;Yu, Hao;Wang, Mingjun;Wang, Qianglong;Tian, Wenxi;Qiu, Suizheng;Su, G.H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제54권1호
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    • pp.97-109
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    • 2022
  • Multi-dimensional coupling analysis is a research hot spot in nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic study and both the full-scale system transient response and local key three-dimensional thermal hydraulic phenomenon could be obtained simultaneously, which can achieve the balance between efficiency and accuracy in the numerical simulation of nuclear reactor. A one-dimensional to three-dimensional (1D-3D) coupling platform for the nuclear reactor multi-dimensional analysis is developed by XJTU-NuTheL (Nuclear Thermal-hydraulic Laboratory at Xi'an Jiaotong University) based on the CFD code Fluent and system code RELAP5 through the Dynamic Link Library (DLL) technology and Fluent user-defined functions (UDF). In this paper, the International Standard Problem (ISP) No. 43 is selected as the benchmark and the rapid boron dilution transient in the nuclear reactor is studied with the coupling code. The code validation is conducted first and the numerical simulation results show good agreement with the experimental data. The three-dimensional flow and temperature fields in the downcomer are analyzed in detail during the transient scenarios. The strong reverse flow is observed beneath the inlet cold leg, causing the de-borated water slug to mainly diffuse in the circumferential direction. The deviations between the experimental data and the transients predicted by the coupling code are also discussed.