• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 1999년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.264-271
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• 1999

The present experimental study is aimed to investigate the flow characteristics of the high-speed flow field within hot-water pump by PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry). As multi-point simultaneous velocity acquisition, 2-D PIV system based upon the two-frame gray-level cross correlation method is adopted using PC frame-grabber and simple video system. Gated image intensifier CCD Camera to cope with illumination problem is arranged for accurate PIV measurement of high-speed complex flow. The velocity vector distribution, velocity profile, and kinetic energy are represented quantitatively at the full-scale region for the deeper understanding of the unsteady flow characteristics in a pump.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.3282-3292
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• 1996

Flow velocity was measured using a hot wire anemometer. Turbulence intensity was in proportion to mean flow velocity regardless of swirl velocity. And integral length scale has proportional relation with swirl velocity regardless of measurement position. Flame speed calculated by radius of visualized flame was increased and then decreased according to lapse of time from spark. Maximum flame speed was increased according to increase of turbulence intensity. Burning speed and flame transport effect increased with increase of swirl velocity, but ratio of burning speed to flame speed decreased with increased of swirl velocity. Mass fraction burned versus volume fraction burned was increased in proportion to the increase of turbulence intensity, caused by increase of combustion promotion effect according to increase of turbulence intensity and scale.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2001

The objective of experimental study is to apply simultaneous measurement by PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) to high_speed flow characteristics within ginseng cleaner model. Three different kinds of flow rate(15. 20, 27l/min) are selected as experimental condition. Optimized cross correlation identification to obtain velocity distribution, time-mean velocity distribution, velocity, profile, kinetic energy and turbulence intensity are represented quantitatively for the deeped understanding of the flow characteristics in a ginseng cleaner model.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2010

터보분자펌프(TMP)의 특성평가는 ISO, PNEUROP, DIN, JIS, AVS 등 세계 여러 나라의 표준제정기구에서 제정한 국제규격에 그 근거를 두고 있다. 한국표준과학연구원에서는 이러한 국제규격에 기반을 둔 터보분자펌프의 특성평가시스템을 자체 설계/제작하여 그 신뢰성을 확인하기 위해 개발품 및 상용품의 평가에 주력하고 있다. 터보분자펌프의 배기속도 측정방법으로서 기체흐름 영역에 따른 throughput method와 orifice method를 적용하고 있으나 측정게이지, 유량계 및 orifice conductance의 불확도 등 실질적으로 정확한 배기속도를 제시하기 위한 조건들의 제약 때문에 많은 측정오차를 포함하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 배기속도의 측정오차를 줄이기 위한 하나의 고찰로서 본 논문에서는 $10^{-1}$ Pa-L/s 영역까지의 유량 주입범위를 가지는 기 구축된 정적법을 이용한 유량주입에 기반을 둔 throughput method를 이용하여 1000 L/s TMP의 측정 능력을 검증하고자 한다. 또한 분자류 영역인 orifice method를 사용할 경우 고진공영역, 미세유량 주입영역으로 진입할수록 커질 수밖에 없는 배기속도 측정 불확도를 최소화시키기 위해 검증된 유량을 이용한 conductance 값을 제시하여, 기 언급한 두 가지 배기 속도 측정 방법의 연속성을 유지하기 위한 실험적인 방법론을 제기하고자 한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2006

The swirl ratio of a charge in the cylinder was estimated by calculating the ratio of the rotary speed of charge which could be simulated from the rotary speed of paddle in the swirl measurement apparatus, to the engine speed which could be calculated by measuring intake air flow rate. The automation of the swirl ratio measurement for cylinder head was achieved by controling both valve lift in cylinder head and a suction pressure of surge tank using two step-motors. The number of measurement position for calculating mean swirl ratio was varied by adjusting the interval of valve lift. The mean swirl ratio with varying the number of measurement position showed nearly constant value. Two measurement methods for measuring the swirl ratio were compared, one was to control the suction pressure of the surge tank with PID (proportional, integral, differential) mode with by-pass valve controlled by the step motor and the other did not control the surge tank pressure by fixing the by-pass valve. The difference of the mean swirl ratio between the two measurement methods showed nearly constant value with varying the number of measurement position. This means that the w/o PID control method could be preferred to the PID control method which has been used, due to the simpleness of the swirl measurement.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.17-17
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• 2010

This paper address technical issues in calibrating discharge coefficients of sonic nozzles used to measure the volume flow rate of low vacuum dry pumps. The first challenging issue comes from the technical limit that their calibration results available from the flow measurement standard laboratories do not fully cover the low vacuum measurement range although the use of sonic nozzles for precision measurement of gas flow has been well established in NMIs. The second is to make an ultra low flow sonic nozzlesufficient to measure the throughput range of 0.01 mbar-l/s. Those small-sized sonic nozzles do not only achieve the noble stability and repeatability of gas flow but also minimize effects of the fluctuation of down stream pressures for the measurement of the volume flow rate of vacuum pumps. These distinctive properties of sonic nozzles are exploited to measure the pumping speed of low vacuum dry pumps widely used in the vacuum-related academic and industrial sectors. Sonic nozzles have been standard devices for measurement of steady state gas flow, as recommended in ISO 9300. This paper introduces two small-sized sonic nozzles of diameter 0.03 mm and 0.2 mm precisely machined according to ISO 9300. The constant volume flow meter (CVFM) readily set up in the Vacuum center of KRISS was used to calibrate the discharge coefficients of the machined nozzles. The calibration results were shown to determine them within the 3% measurement uncertainty. Calibrated sonic nozzles were found to be applicable for precision measurement of steady state gas flow in the vacuum process. Both calibrated sonic nozzles are demonstrated to provide the precision measurement of the volume flow rate of the dry vacuum pump within one percent difference in reference to CVFM. Calibrated sonic nozzles are applied to a new 'in-situ and in-field' equipment designed to measure the volume flow rate of low vacuum dry pumps in the semiconductor and flat display processes.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1569-1573
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• 2004

Two ring-type conductance meters were manufactured to measure void fraction and its propagation speed in slug flow. The signal of conductance meter with two rings depends on liquid temperature. Therefore a conductance meter with separated probe designed by Coney (1973), which is independent of liquid temperature, was used and experimentally proved. The manufactured conductance meters showed a good repeatability and agreement with the analytical solution by Coney (1973). From time lag between two conductance meter, we could calculate the propagation speed of void fraction.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1767-1771
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• 2004

A 4D-PTV system was constructed. The measurement system consists of three high-speed high-definition cameras, Nd-Yag laser(10mJ, 2000fps) and a host computer. The GA-3D-PTV algorithm was used to extract three-dimensional velocity vectors in the measurement volume. A horizontal impinged jet flow was measured with the constructed system. The Reynolds number is about 40,000. Spatial temporal evolution of the jet flow was examined in detail and physical properties such as spatial distributions of vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy were obtained with the constructed system.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.596-608
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• 2018

The present study aims to assess test uncertainty assessment method of nominal wake field measurement by a Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) system in a towing tank. The systematic uncertainty of the SPIV system was estimated from repeated uniform flow measurements. In the uniform flow measurement case, time interval between image frames and uniform flow speed were varied to examine the effects of particle displacement and flow around the SPIV system on the systematic standard uncertainty. The random standard uncertainty was assessed by repeating nominal wake field measurements and the estimated random standard uncertainty was compared with that of laser Doppler velocimetry. The test uncertainty assessment method was applied to nominal wake measurement tests of a very large crude oil carrier model ship. The nominal wake measurement results were compared with existing experimental database by other measurement methods, with its assessed uncertainty.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1337-1341
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• 2003

This paper suggests and demonstrates a novel flow measurement technique, tunable AC mode hotwire anemometry that allows simple integration, robust measurement, and extremely high accuracy. The principle and simple theoretical analysis of the technique are shown. To find the optimal frequency at which the phase lag becomes most sensitive to flow speed change, the phase lag was measured scanning the heating frequency from 1 to 100 Hz, while the flow speed of ethanol was increased stepwise from 0 to 10 mm/s. To optimize the sensitivity of technique, the periodic thermal characteristic of the hotwire should be understood and is currently under study.