• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 1995.03a
• /
• pp.196-202
• /
• 1995

Drawbead formulation is the first process together with a binder wrap process in a sheet metal forming process. The purpose of a drawbead is to control the flow of the metal into the die in panel press forming. To simulate the drawbead formation process, an elasto-plastic finite element formulation is derived from the equilibrium equation an drelated boundary conditions considering the proper contact conditons. The developed finite element program is applied to drawbead formation in the plane strain condition. The simulation of drawbead formation produces the distribution fo stress and strain along the bead and the resultant elongation of the sheet in the cavity region with respect to various cavity dimensions of the sheet as well as the punch force of a drawbead and the amount of draw-in with respect to the stroke fo a drawbead. The numerical resutls provides the fundamental information as a boundary condition to analyze the complex binder wrap phenomena and panel press forming in simple way.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.87-90
• /
• 2005

The drawbead is used to control the material flow into the die and increase the forming quality during the binder wrap process and the stamping process in the sheet metal forming. Drawbead restraining force (DBRF) is controlled by geometrical parameters and influenced by process parameters such as friction coefficient and blank thickness. In order to inspect the effect of process parameters, parameter studies are performed with the variation of parameters using finite element model of drawbead which is utilized reliably for the calculation of the drawbead restraining force. Drawbead analysis is carried out with 2-D plane-strain element and 3-D shell element. After the verification of the accuracy of the drawbead model with 3-D shell element, it is utilized to the prediction and the investigation of the effect of process parameters. The result of parameter studies can be utilized to the die design in the tryout stage.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1995.07a
• /
• pp.202-205
• /
• 1995

Developed controller is the part of deflection yoke winding machine which controls the power to form the deflection yoke coil into desired shape after winding. So as to form the deflection yoke coil, it is needed to melt the bonding material which is spreaded on the coil. The heat melt the bonding material which is produced by flowing the current through the winded coil. Therefore, at first it is needed to peel off the enamel from the winded coil so as to flow the current, and then supply the power to produce the heat which form the winded coil into desired shape. Naturally developed controller is composed of the peeling part and the conduction and forming part. All of them consist of the inverter structure and control the output current. The peeling is achieved by low voltage and high AC current, the conduction and forming is by DC current. Developed controller also has a function that detect the resistance of the deflection yoke coil to prevent the damage of the load which is produced by poor peeling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 1999.06a
• /
• pp.15-32
• /
• 1999

A relationship between stress and stain is very important to design a die to avoid defects of products during semi-solid forming process. Since the liquid will be of eutectic composition in alloys liquid segregation will result in significant or undesirable situation. The materials used in this experiment are A 357. A390, Al2024 alloys that is fabricated by the electro-magnetic stirring process from Pechiney in France. The compression test was performed by induction heating equipment and MTS. In order to prevent the liquid segregation these measured temperature would be useful to control of strain rate during compression test. The liquid segregation is controlled as change of the strain rate and solid fraction during the compression process, The characteristics of flow between solid and liquid phase considering liquid segregation is examined through the above experiments. In the case of medium and high volume fractions of solid the distribution of strain rate is calculated by using compression test data of semi-solid materials (SSM). The thixoforming experiments with the designed die are carried out successfully. The die filling patterns of SSM for variation of die temperature and pressing force have been investigated. The hardness of the thixoformed scroll products is evaluated in terms of the microstructure for each position.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.1313-1318
• /
• 2007

When the mold is cooled suddenly to reduce the time for forming work and improve the quality of jar50ml which is different highly at rib thickness by a series of various curvature radii, the poor quality of void, flow and deformation happens. The structure of spiral cooling circuit at cavity and core can control the temperature of inner and outer side sufficiently. And the system can control cooling and heating automatically. These things are applied to Jar mold. and so, the best quality and the effect of productivity improvement can be obtained.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.525-532
• /
• 2020

This work numerically investigates the effects of Reynolds number Re_D (= 100 - 150), cross-sectional aspect ratio AR = ( 0.25 -1.0), and attack angle α (= 0° - 90°) on the forces, Strouhal number, and wake of an elliptical cylinder, where Re_D is based on the freestream velocity and cylinder cross-section height normal to the freestream flow, AR is the ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the elliptical cylinder, and α is the angle between the cylinder major axis and the incoming flow. At Re_D = 100, two distinct wake structures are identified, namely 'Steady wake' (pattern I) and 'Karman wake followed by a steady wake (pattern II)' when AR and α are varied in the ranges specified. When Re_D is increased to 150, an additional wake pattern, 'Karman wake followed by secondary wake (pattern III)' materializes. Pattern I is characterized by two steady bubbles forming behind the cylinder. Pattern II features Karman vortex street immediately behind the cylinder, with the vortex street transmuting to two steady shear layers downstream. Inflection angle α_i = 32°, 37.5° and 45° are identified for AR = 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75, respectively, where the wake asymmetry is the greatest. The α_i effectively distinguishes the dependence on α and AR of force and vortex shedding frequency at either Re_D. In Pattern III, the Karman street forming behind the cylinder is modified to a secondary vortex street. At a given AR and α, Re_D = 150 renders higher fluctuating lift and Strouhal number than Re_D = 100.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.961-970
• /
• 1997

A numerical method is presented to predict and analyze the shape of a growing billet produced from the "spray forming process" which is a fairly new near-net shape manufacturing process. It is important to understand the mechanism of billet growing because one can obtain a billet with the desired final shape without secondary operations by accurate control of the billet shape, and it can also serve as a base for heat transfer and deformation analysis. The shape of a growing billet is determined by the flow rate of the alloy melt, the mode of nozzle scanning which is due to cam profile, the initial positio of the spray nozzle, scanning angle, and the withdrawal speed of the substrate. In the present study, a theoretical model is first established to predict the shape of the billet and next the effects of the most dominent processing conditions, such as withdrawal speed of the substrate and the cam profile, on the shape of the growing billet are studied. Process conditions are obtained to produce a billet with uniform diameter and flat top surface, and an ASP30 high speed steel billet is manufactured using the same process conditions established from the simulation.imulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 1995.10a
• /
• pp.195-198
• /
• 1995

In Semi-Solid Forging, it is necessary to control the forming variables accurately in order to make near-net-shape products. Generally, the defects of products may occur due to liquid segregation which can be caused by the degree of deformation and condition of friction in Semi-Solid Forging, where the segregation is to be predicted by flow analysis. This paper presents the feasibility of theoretical analysis model using the new yield function which is proposed by Doraivelu et al. to the flow analysis of the semi-solid dendritic Sn-15%Pb alloys instead of adopting the yield criterion of Shima & Oyane which is used by Charreyron and usefulness of the adopted yield function. The distribution of the liquid fraction at various strains in radial direction and the influence of friction are estimated by Upper Bound Method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 1998

In Semi-Solid Forging, it is necessary to control the forming variables accurately in order to make near-net-shape products. Generally, the defects of products may occur due to liquid segregation which can be caused by the degree of deformation and strain rate, and condition of friction in Semi-Solid Forging, where the segregation is to be predicted by flow analysis. This paper presents the feasibility of theoretical analysis model using the new yield function for compressible P/M materials which is proposed by Doraivelu et at. to the flow analysis of the semi-solid dendritic Sn-15％Pb alloys instead of adopting the yield criterion of Shima and Oyane which is used by Charreyron and Flemings. The simple compression process is taken into consideration as the model to confirm the usefulness of the adopted yield function. The distribution of the liquid fraction at various strains and strain rates in radial direction, and the influence of friction are estimated by upper-bound method.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.150-155
• /
• 2006

Falling liquid plays a role in a wide variety of naturally occurring phenomena as well as in the operation of industrial process equipment where heat and mass transfer take place. In such cases, it is required that the falling film should spread widely on the surface forming thin liquid film to enlarge contact surface. An addition of surface active agent to a falling liquid film affects the flow characteristics of the falling film. In this study the heat transfer characteristics for a falling liquid film has been investigated by an addition of the surface active agents. The falling liquid film was formed on a vertical flat plate. As the mass flow rate of liquid falling film is increased, the wetted area is a little increased while the heat transfer rate as well as heat transfer coefficient is significantly increased. It is also found that both wetted area and heat transfer rate is substantially increased while heat transfer coefficient is a little increased with an increase in the surfactant concentration at a given mass flow rate.