• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.731-740
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• 2010

This study attempted to understand the value of traditional floral wall patterns reflecting the distinct aesthetic consciousness of Korean people and reinterpret the images of floral wall patterns in simplified forms. In addition, the study created new floral patterns to apply them to the design of neckties and scarves. In a methodological aspect, the computer design software programs Adobe Illustrator CS2 and Adobe Photoshop CS2 were used to make the traditional floral wall patterns motifs. Four basic motifs for a new formative image were set using graphical functions such as omitting, simplifying, overlapping, repeating, and/or reducing shapes based on floral wall patterns, and each motif was developed in two variations with different colors applied to them. Each of the set motifs was expressed in a repeated arrangement and in a modified pattern of 45 degrees. Necktie design with a floral wall pattern made use of the motifs developed through a variety of effects such as simplification, repetition, size variation, and gradation and the pattern modified at a $45^{\circ}$ for application. Scarf design employed and applied the existing motifs in an appropriate manner for design purposes and reconstructed and expressed them through such effects as repetition, rotation, compositional variation and gradation.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.313-322
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• 2011

The floral wall of Lee Sang-beom's House and Atelier, which is No. 171 of the Registrated Cultural Heritage was conserved. In addition, materials characteristics and manufacturing technique have revealed through the scientific analysis. As a result of the analysis, samples were divided into three sections; the support layer that is made from block bricks, the paint layer and the cement mortar layer on the paint layer for the reinforcement of the construction. The higher layer lies, the finer grains it has. Furthermore, a little it was generated a small quantity of pores and calcium carbonates ($CaCO_3$) generated due to aeration of cement mortar. The patterns of letters, animals and plants pattern were expressed in the paint layer by relief and openwork. The results of qualitative analysis of the pigments of the paint layer were detected components of carbon black (C), Fe oxide ($Fe_2O_3$) and oyster shell white ($CaCO_3$, or quicklime). On the other hands, as the conservation of the floral wall, stainless frames were set up for the structural stability, the cement mortar were removed from the surface and the partly damaged and cracked areas were filled with KSE Filler A, B.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.59-66
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• 2012

In daily life if a condoler receive a notice of a person's death who he/she know, he/she generally have the deepest regret and offer condolence money. Also an enterpriser or private chairman send a floral tribute. But it has some problem to occur a abuse according in reuse and an environmental pollution in process of trash. In this paper it is suggested an business model for the condolence service using images, floral tributes and letters of condolence made of images, in the funeral place which is an alternation to reduce the problem. And it is structured and implemented a service model that displays floral tributes made of dynamic images to a large monitor installed on wall in condoler room of funeral place. As a result it is showed that a service of floral tributes made of images may be realized to be given web site of servicing images for the condolence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.41
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• pp.133-153
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• 2019

This study is about the development and creation of the public installation to enhance the contact chances with plants for the city dwellers who are living in the environment of limited green space. The researcher tried to create a floral art work at an island type bus stop on the central bus only lane, where the passers-by can enjoy the contact with plants for a second on that crowded space. The researcher made the study of various related cased world-widely and existing island type bus stop on the central bus only lane. The researcher also made pre-creation study of applicable forms and elements, and developed the prototype of the installation on the base of that study. Therefore the researcher created 1 installable screen type floral art work offering abundant contact experience to the viewers which has multiple shelves in the vertical frame to fit and be substituted by the designated wall unit of the island type bus stop structure. Also the researcher developed the prototypes of 2 small interior pieces. The meaning of this study can be found in the contribution of increasing visual experiencing rate of green space and chances of experiencing plants to create positive psychological, emotional effects by developing floral art works to be installed at crowded urban public space.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.427-431
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• 2006

In vitro high-frequency plant regeneration of Muscari comosum var. plumosum through somatic embryogenesis was obtained via two developmental pathways: direct embryos and multiple shoots regenerated from embryogenic callus. Flower bud with pedicel, receptacle, petal and ovary wall, floral stalk and leaf as explants were cultured in MS medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators. Embryos formed directly from pedicel, receptacle and floral stalk. Depending on explant sources, the optimal medium was MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L IBA and 0.3 mg/L BA, 3.0 mg/L IBA and 3.0 mg/L BA, and MS-free medium for pedicel, receptacle, and floral stalk, respectively. Multiple shoots regenerated from embryogenic cal]i which was initiated from petal, ovary and leaf were observed in MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of hormone. The most suitable medium for each type of explant was 3.0 mg/L IBA and 3.0 mg/L BA(petal and ovary) and 5.0 mg/L IBA and 5.0 mg/L BA (leaf) Furthermore, the combination of 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BA was also good for all sources of explants not only for direct embryo formation, but also, for embryogenic callus induction.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.235-242
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• 2015

Morphology and characteristics of floral organ in highbush blueberry cultivars were studied to select suitable cultivars of highbush blueberry for domestic cultivation. The stamen consists an anther and a tape-like hairy filament with well-developed trichomes. When the anther was opened, the wall of anther was not dehiscent, and pollen grains were discharged into two tubes. Pollen was mature tetrad type without being separated after meiosis (Late March). The number of pollen granules per anther was 400~1,300, the germination rate was higher in the cultivars having many pollen grains. Pistil was composed of five carpels and a shipper without separate part. The number of ovules per ovary was 39~67, therefore, the coefficient of ranged from 11.6 to 31.0%. The seed pod formation by combination of ‘Bluejay’ and ‘Sharpblue’ was higher in the cross-pollination than in the self-pollination.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.323-327
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• 2010

This design study was conducted to plan and propose the bus-station as the public design for Cheongju City. The study was provided other purposes which designed its function as plant container and revealed the brand identity of Cheongju City, Jikji. At planning stage, design plant container with motif from top roof of the Early Printing Museum of Cheongju. And planed it located on the top of facility. The facilities, with design factors that increase satisfaction, were planed through the analysis of user behavior. The narrow frame and transparent wall were intended to establish clear sight for its users or pedestrians on road. In order to harmonize with urban surroundings, decreased the fanciness of designed figure and used achromatic color as lead main color.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.17-30
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• 2013

Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) induces massive actin filament thickening at the infection front of infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. To determine the mechanisms leading to actin remodeling, fluorescent protein fusions of the BSMV triple gene block (TGB) proteins were coexpressed in cells with the actin marker DsRed: Talin. TGB ectopic expression experiments revealed that TGB3 is a major elicitor of filament thickening, that TGB2 resulted in formation of intermediate DsRed:Talin filaments, and that TGB1 alone had no obvious effects on actin filament structure. Latrunculin B (LatB) treat-ments retarded BSMV cell-to-cell movement, disrupted actin filament organization, and dramatically decreased the proportion of paired TGB3 foci appearing at the cell wall (CW). BSMV infection of transgenic plants tagged with GFP-KDEL exhibited membrane proliferation and vesicle formation that were especially evident around the nucleus. Similar membrane proliferation occurred in plants expressing TGB2 and/or TGB3, and DsRed: Talin fluorescence in these plants colocalized with the ER vesicles. TGB3 also associated with the Golgi apparatus and overlapped with cortical vesicles appearing at the cell periphery. Brefeldin A treatments disrupted Golgi and also altered vesicles at the CW, but failed to interfere with TGB CW localization. Our results indicate that actin cytoskeleton interactions are important in BSMV cell-to-cell movement and for CW localization of TGB3.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.454-459
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• 2013

The Potexvirus Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) has multifunctional triple gene block (TGB) proteins, among which our studies have focused on the properties of the TGB1 protein. The TGB1 of AltMV has functions including RNA binding, RNA silencing suppression, and cell-to-cell movement, and is known to form homologous interactions. The helicase domains of AltMV TGB1 were separately mutated to identify which regions are involved in homologous TGB1 interactions. The yeast two hybrid system and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) in planta were utilized to examine homologous interactions of the mutants. Helicase motif I of AltMV TGB1 was found to be critical to maintain homologous interactions. Mutations in the remaining helicase motifs did not inhibit TGB1 homologous interactions. In the absence of homologous interaction of TGB1, subcellular localization of helicase domain I mutants showed distinctively different patterns from that of WT TGB1. These results provide important information to study viral movement and replication of AltMV.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2019

This study aimed to provide basic data on current trends in floriculture through a survey. The exhibitors' purposes and items displayed at the Tokyo International Flowers & Plants Expo in 2017 were surveyed. The survey was conducted among 238 exhibitors during the exhibition period from October 11 to 13, 2017. As a result, participants came from 14 countries including Belgium, China, Colombia, Japan, Korea and France. The purposes of the majority of the surveyed exhibitors were to display cultivars (86 exhibitors, 36.3%), followed by to display merchandise, subsidiary materials and cultivation techniques. Among cultivars, pot plants accounted for the majority of the entire cultivars (54 exhibitors, 55.1%), followed by cut flowers (35 exhibitors, 35.7%), sapling, and seeds. The most of the displayed pot plants were ornamental plants (27 exhibitors, 43.5%), followed by garden trees, ground cover plants, bedding plants and succulent plants. The most of the displayed cut flowers were rose (8 exhibitors, 21.1%), followed by lisianthus, chrysanthemum and dahila. In terms of cultivation techniques, those using moss were displayed by 7 exhibitors (50%) and green-wall techniques were displayed by 6 exhibitors (42.9%). In terms of merchandise, processed products were displayed by 21 exhibitors (41.2%), followed by floral products. Therefore, the IFEX can be used as a place to understand current trends in the floriculture market.