• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2697-2704
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• 2011

Fire resistance of a floor of a railcar is prescribed in the "Guidelines of standard of railcar safety (Minister of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, 2010)". A floor of a railcar should retain its fire resistance for 15 or 20 minutes according its risk level. To evaluate fire resistance of the floor materials which are composed of ceramic board or aluminum foam with weight lightening, fire resistance of railcar floor is numerically analyzed.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.510-513
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• 2006

Due to the location of vibration sensitive equipment on the floor, it is necessary for its vibration performance to be maintained within stringent limits, resulting in a design of higher mass and stiffness than would be usual for a floor of this type. Modal testing is conducted on the floor to obtain their dynamic characteristics. A considerable level of vibration transmission is observed by comparing the ratio of simulated transfer and point mobility FRFs of the floor.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회논문초록집
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• pp.368.2-368
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• 2002

It is increasing the interest on the comfortable dwelling environment, while sound insulation performance of materials and elements used in building is falling down as they become thicker and lighter Therefore, sound insulation performance in building has become the most important factor determining the level of housing, especially for apartment that has common wall and floor with next neighbors. (omitted)

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2014

Floor impact sound in high-rise apartment building became one of social problems. A lot of civil complaints on floor impact sound occur continuously and the number of disputes between neighbors in small and aged apartment buildings is increasing. Interests on heavy-weight impact sound pressure level measurement and evaluation method is increased. Previous study reported that heavy-weight impact sound level was changed by the sound field condition of receiving reverberation chamber. In this study, heavy-weight impact sound pressure level change by the receiving sound field condition was measured in standard test facility and mock-up test room. These two experimental conditions were designed to simulate averaged living room of common apartment units. By the change of sound absorption power in receiving room, heavy-weight impact sound pressure level in most of frequency bands were changed in standard test facility and mock-up room. Normalized maximum sound pressure level regulated in ISO 16032 showed wider range of heavy/soft impact sound pressure level. Heavy/soft impact sound pressure level change was became smaller by the application of standardized maximum sound pressure level and ISO/CD 10140-3 Amd 2 method. In the case of standardized maximum sound pressure level, absolute sound pressure level changed. From these results, receiving sound field correction method regulated in ISO/CD 10140-3 Amd 2 is needed for the precision measurement and evaluation of heavy-weight impact sound.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.67-85
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was (1) to investigate changes in house and kitchen forms and behaviors in the kitchen area of Korean family houses from the Yi-dynasty to the present, and (2) to develop a housing conceptual framework on the basis of the ecosystem approach through analysis of changes in Korean family houses. The documentary research method wad used fro this study. The major findings were that the traditional Korean houses were composed of separate buildings and had various floor levels with the maru(a wooden floor) as the center of the open plan. The introduction of foreign style house forms from the era of enlightenment, in the year 1876 to the Korean war in 1950 changed traditional Korean houses into Korean-western style houses. More recent increased population and urbanization accelerated to change from the traditional Korean house form to an apartment style. At the present time, however, many kinds of house forms, from a highly modernized style with convenient facilities to a primitive style, which cannot even meet the basis needs of daily life, coexist together. The Kitchens in traditional Korean houses had no plumbing, drainage, or work centers. They had simple adobe furnaces which were used for cooking and for heating the ondol, a kind of panel heated floor by which the heat and smoke run under the floor to the chimney. This made the kitchen floor level lower than the floors of other spaces. The residents entered the kitchen through the madang(atrium). The influence of the western style kitchen, the development of technology, and improvements of nation-wide economic status have made today's kitchen space covenient and hygienic. The floor level of the kitchen was raised to the same level of other spaces. Formerly the major function of the kitchen was raised to the same level of other spaces. Formerly the major function of the kitchen space was cooking and heating floors. This had changed, and the kitchen is now, the place for family and social interaction. A housing conceptual framework was developed on the basis of these findings.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2005

다목적 바닥 레벨조인트는 레일의 레벨링과 조립이 용이하고 조인트에서 변형 흡수가 가능한 공법으로 최근 국내에서 개발되었다. 앞서 수행된 연구결과를 통하여 본 공법의 구성부재인 지지대, 레일, 그리고 레일+지지대의 구조적 특성은 만족스런 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 콘크리트를 타설한 바닥 레벨조인트의 변형흡수 능력을 평가하기 위해 인장 또는 압축변형을 유발시킨 실험적 연구를 실시하였다. 또한 다목적 바닥 레벨 조인트를 설치한 대상구조물을 선정하여 해석적 연구를 수행함으로서 다목적 바닥 레벨 조인트의 변형성능을 정량적으로 파악하였다. 실험과 해석연구를 통하여 다목적 바닥 레벨조인트는 요구되는 변형수요에 비하여 충분한 변형흡수 능력을 확보하고 있는 것으로 나타나났다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2002

In order to find out impact insulation properties, various types of current radiant floor heating systems and light-framed floors that are used in light-framed residential buildings were evaluated for two types of impact sources at the same time. Sound Pressure Level (SPL) was different from each impact sources for those spectrum patterns and peaks. In case of light-framed floor framework, the excitation position and the assumed effective vibrating area have effects on sound pressure level but it is not considerable, and Normalized SPL was reduced for each frequency by increasing the bending rigidity of joist. The mortar layer in the radiant heating system had relatively high density and high impedance, therefore, it distributed much of the impact power when it was excited, and reduced the Normalized SPL considerably. Nevertheless, Increasing a thickness of mortar layer had little influence on SPL. Ceiling components reduced the sound pressure level about 5~25 dB for each frequency. Namely, it had excellent sound insulation properties in a range from 200 to 4,000 Hz frequency for both heavy and lightweight impact sources. Also, there was a somewhat regular sound insulation pattern for each center frequency. The resilient channel reduced the SPL about 2~11 dB, irrelevant to impact source. Consequently, current radiant floor heating systems which were established in light-framed residential buildings have quite good impact sound insulation properties for both impact sources.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1317-1320
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• 2006

This study compared the floor impact sound level of rectangular receiving room type to differed receiving room types to analyze effect of room mode. The floor impact sound level of master room were higher than the level of living room which resulted from room mode. The result showed that the level of low frequency bandwidth in the location varied with receiving room types were lower than general measuring point of rectangular receiving room.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.308-311
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• 2004

It is reported that there is a limit in increasing heavy-weight impact noise isolation performance of the load bearing wall system apartments to meet the regulation of the Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT). To increase the heavy-weight impact noise isolation performance, improvement in structural systems such as increasing concrete slab thickness and application of rahmen structure were proposed. In this study floor impact sound levels from toil apartments with two rahmen structure multi-story residential buildings were measured before the construction of the buildings finished. Measurements were made at living room and two bedrooms at each apartment when the finishing processes were finished. The average value of light-weight impact sound level from ten apartments was 56dB (L'$\sub$n,Aw/). The heavy-weight impact sound level was 44dB (L'$\sub$i.Fmax.Aw/) and the impact sound level of the impact ball was 41dB(L'$\sub$i.Fmax.Aw/), As a result floor impact noises at the rahmen structure system were lower than the regulation level.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.367-370
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• 2005

This paper investigated the sound characteristics in an apartment complex. The field measurement was conducted in order to examine the acoustical characteristics of the apartment complex in situ. As a result, it shows that there are around 3 sec. reverberation time and the additional sound reinforcements at the area of high height due to the surrounded buildings. Thus, 1:50 Scale model measurement and Raynoise computer simulation were carried out with insertion of the parapet and the canopy on the balcony. In case of a single building, the parapet was effective to reduce noise level at low floor levels, and the canopy was effective to reduce noise level at high floor levels. But it also shows that both the parapet and the canopy were not effective to reduce noise level at middle floor levels. In case of an apartment complex, the canopy was less effective to reduce noise level at each floor in comparison with case of the single building.