• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.126-133
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• 2017

This study analyzed hydrological changes of stormwater runoff of Seolleung Jeongneung zone according to the application of LID system based on landscape Architectural technology. The results are as follows. First, when flooding occurred in Gwanghwamun in July 27, 2011, the maximum instantaneous rainfall amount was 183 mm/hr recorded at 10:00 on 27th for 10 minutes, and it was confirmed that rainfall intensity more than three times as high as the maximum rainfall of 57.5 mm/hr. Second, it is possible to control peak flow rate in the case of 1,500mm of soil thickness, so that it is possible to improve the vulnerability of flood damage in Seolleung and Jeongneung zone when applying the LID system. Third, in the berm height scenario, peak flow rate control was not controled in all depth level models, but the first stormwater runoff was delayed by 4 hours and 10 minutes compared to the soil thickness scenario. It was interpreted as a relatively important indicator the soil thickness for the initial stromwater runoff reduction and the berm height for the peak runoff. Through this, the systematic adaptation of landscape-friendly ecological factors within the cultural property protection zone could theoretically confirm the effects of flood disaster prevention.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.331-348
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• 2013

The frequency and intensity of abnormal climate caused by climate change is increasing in Korea. Also, the amount of damage from disaster is increasing rapidly. The research on vulnerability assessment analyzes environmentally, socially and economically vulnerable indicators and is ongoing to reduce the intensity of damage and establish adaptation policies for climate change. Therefore, in this study, we assessed vulnerability using weighting value derived by the regression equation. There are 3 evaluation items : vulnerability assessment for farmland erosion to flood, vulnerability assessment for health to heat wave, vulnerability assessment for forest fire to drought. For this study, indicators for each sectors were selected and spatial data for each sectors were established using GIS program. Results showed that vulnerability to heat wave was more affected by climate factors. On the other hand, vulnerability to flood and drought was more affected by social-economic factors. Then, to analysis efficiency of the regression analysis, vulnerability result was compared between the existing vulnerability research with no weighting applied and the vulnerability research with the influence of weighting value derived by the regression. This study showed that the regression analysis is efficient to provide practical and feasible alternatives in terms of planning climate change adaptation policies and it is expected to be utilized for vulnerability assessment in the future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2019

Recently, urban inundation was frequently occurred due to the intensive rainfall exceeding marginal capacity of the flood control facility. Furthermore, needs for the underground storage facilities to mitigate urban flood are increasing according to rapidly accelerating urbanization. Thus, in this study, drainage efficiency in drain tunnel connecting to underground storage was investigated from the air-core measurements in the drop shaft against two types of inlet structure. In case of the spiral inlet, the multi-stage structure is introduced at the bottom of the inlet to improve the vortex induction effect at low inflow discharge (multi-stage spiral inlet). The average cross-sectional area of the air-core in the multi-stage spiral inlet is 10% larger than the tangential inlet, and show the highly air emission effect and the highly inflow efficiency at the high inflow discharge. In case of the tangential inlets, the air emission effect decreased after exceeding the maximum inflow discharge, which is required to maintain the inherent performance of the tangential inlet. From the measurements, the empirical formula for the cross-sectional area of the air-core according to locations inside the drop shaft was proposed in order to provide the experimental data available for the inlet model used in experiments.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2023

Recently, not only in Korea but also around the world, we have been experiencing constant disasters such as typhoons, wildfires, and heavy rains. The property damage caused by typhoons and heavy rain in South Korea alone has exceeded 1 trillion won. These disasters have resulted in significant loss of life and property damage, and the recovery process will also take a considerable amount of time. In addition, the government's contingency funds are insufficient for the current situation. To prevent and effectively respond to these issues, it is necessary to collect and analyze accurate data in real-time. However, delays and data loss can occur depending on the environment where the sensors are located, the status of the communication network, and the receiving servers. In this paper, we propose a two-stage hybrid situation analysis and prediction algorithm that can accurately analyze even in such communication network conditions. In the first step, data on river and stream levels are collected, filtered, and refined from diverse sensors of different types and stored in a bigdata. An AI rule-based inference algorithm is applied to analyze the crisis alert levels. If the rainfall exceeds a certain threshold, but it remains below the desired level of interest, the second step of deep learning image analysis is performed to determine the final crisis alert level.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.476-476
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• 2011

베트남은 자연재해로 인해 매년 평균 750명 이상의 사망자가 발생하고 있으며, 경제적인 피해 또한 한해 GDP의 1.5%에 달하고 있다. 저먼워치(Germanwatch)의 2010년 세계기후위험지수(Global Climate Risk Index, GCRI)의 전 지구적 기후재난에 관한 국가별 순위 조사에서 베트남은 4위에 기록되었다. 베트남의 자연재해는 상당 비중이 풍수해에 집중 되어 전체 재해의 86%를 차지하고 있고, 이는 대부분 해안 지대와 강 유역의 홍수 및 범람에서 비롯된 것이다. 베트남 전체인구의 약 70%가 상습적 홍수와 범람 발생 지역인 해안가에 거주하고 있어 재난에 예방 및 복구 관리에 대한 국가 차원의 방안이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 과거 30년간의 풍수해 관련 재해에 대한 기록상 추이를 통해 공간적으로 재난에 취약한 지역적 분포를 살펴보고, 그 지역의 지리적 특성을 분석하여 재해에 관한 종합적 고찰을 하였다. 벨기에 루뱅대학 부설 재난역학연구센터(Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, CRED)의 EM-DAT를 이용하여 과거 기록상의 개괄적인 재해양상에 관한 추이를 살펴본 결과 대부분의 재난은 풍수해에 집중이 되어 있음을 분석하였고, 베트남 풍수해조정기관인 홍수및폭풍조정중앙위원회(Central Committee for Flood and Storm Control, CCFSC)의 최근 30년간 풍수해에 관련된 통계 자료를 정리하여 상습적 재난 피해지역을 지도상에 표시하였다. 이 때 지구지도제작운영위원회(International Steering Committee for Global Mapping, ISCGM)의 D_WGS_1984 Datum을 바탕으로 한 베트남 shape file을 이용하여 풍수해에 따른 인명피해, 경제적 손실, 발생횟수 등에 관한 사항을 일반화 시켜 재난 취약지역을 지리적으로 분석하였다. Thanh hoa, Quang nam, Binh Dinn, Camau성이 풍수해와 관련된 재난에 취약하게 노출되어 있음을 도출하였다. 재난에 상대적으로 취약한 이들 지역에 대한 현재의 재난 관리는 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지에 관해 현재의 풍수해관리 사업단의 조직적 구조와 그 기능 및 역할을 살펴보고, 국제적 원조 사례를 분석하여 상습적으로 재난의 위험 지역에 대한 지속적인 관리와 복구를 어떻게 이루어 나갈 것인지에 대한 방안 및 제언에 관하여 논의하고자 한다. 베트남의 재난 관리에 관한 지리적인 종합 분석은 기존 양상의 재해에 대한 방안을 구축하는 데 대한 제언뿐만 아니라 기후변화와 관련된 재난을 예측하고 관리 방안을 설정하는 데 기초 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.96-110
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• 2020

Recently, due to global warming, it is easily exposed to various disasters such as fire, flood, and earthquake. In particular, large-scale disasters have continuously been occurring in crowded areas such as traditional markets, facilities for the elderly and children, and public facilities where various people stay. Purpose: This study aims to detect a fire occurred in crowded facilities early in the event to analyze and provide an optimal evacuation route using big data and advanced technology. Method: The researchers propose a new algorithm through context-aware 3D object model technology and A* algorithm optimization and propose a scenario-based optimal evacuation route selection technique. Result: Using the HPA* E algorithm, the evacuation simulation in the event of a fire was reproduced as a 3D model and the optimal evacuation route and evacuation time were calculated for each scenario. Conclusion: It is expected to reduce fatalities and injuries through the evacuation induction technique that enables evacuation of the building in the shortest path by analyzing in real-time via fire detection sensors that detects the temperature, flame, and smoke.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

This research performed tests of Video Fire Detector and criteria of installation to make suggestions regarding the criteria that must be reflected in NFSC 203 by comparing the standards of FM Approvals, UL, ISO7240 and NFPA 72. FM Standard related to Video Fire Detector test has been classified as Smoke, Flame type, but the UL Standard has classified only as a Smoke type. This research examined 6 cases of fire phenomenon detection case in ISO 7240 and 3 cases in NFPA 72, respectively. There are 15 items required for the installation standard of a Video Fire Detector and each field standard is presented as a per installation method. To apply a Video Fire Detector, the pertinent items (the definition of term, detector's classification, structure and function among its test item) must be inserted. In addition, 7 items of the fire test, i.e., the sensitivity adjustment, prevent false alarm, ambient temperature test, the effective sensitivity and detection distance and viewing angle, aging test, flood test, must be applied to the actual test. For installation in the field, the operation environment and levels of illumination, and NFSC 203 must be set, and standards relevant to the sound system, indicators' installation distance, etc. need to be inserted.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2016

Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) considering evapotranspiration and precipitation is generally used to quantify the drought severity. Also, Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) has been frequently used in the arid regions which is suffering severe droughts, but drought analysis in association with RDI has been the focus of few studies in South Korea. Therefore, this study compared two meterological drought indices based on precipitation and evapotranspiration using Thornthwaite, Hargreaves, and Blaney-Criddle evaportranspiration calculation methods. Meteorological data of sixteen weather stations which are operated by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) were used to quantify drought and to compare characteristics of drought for the Han River Basin from 1992 to 2015. As a result, in case of Han River Basin, severe drought sharply increased in recent years. While the correlation coefficients are relatively high between the SPEIs and RDIs, the drought severity and year of severe drought are partially different. Therefore, it is necessary that RDI will be also measured to quantify severity and occurrence year of drought.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1089-1101
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• 2013

The study uses a regional climate model to check future changes in extreme climate, to calculate extreme indexes presented by STARDEX, and to analyze the trends to predict the continuity and changes in the spatial distribution of extreme climate in the future. An analysis of extreme climate indices showed that they are likely to increase in the Seoul metropolitan area, in Gyeonggi-do, in Yongdong in Gangwon-do, and in the southern shore region of Korea. It is, however, forecasted to diminish in the central inland region. The analysis also showed that the average temperature in Korea will increase because of climate change. On the other hand, an analysis of extreme rainfall indexes showed that the trend of heavy rainfall threshold is 0.229 in Seogwipo, the greatest five-day rainfall is 5.692 in Seogwipo, and the longest dry period is 0.099 in Sokcho. Of extreme temperature indexes, the trend of Hotdays threshold is 0.777 in Incheon and the longest heat wave is 0.162 in Uljin. The Coldnight threshold is 0.075 in Inje and -0.193 in Tongyeong, according to the analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.353-360
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• 2010

The Kyunggi Bay in mid-west of Korea is a relatively large estuarine system that connects the Han River system with Yellow Sea. Due to macro-tidal range of more than 8 m, the urban estuary shows deep tidal channels and wide tidal flats. Since last 30 years, the coastal development is undergoing, yielding noticeable change in environment. Particularly the tidal flat dynamics are generally accepted as being related with tidal residual flows in this area (Kim et al., 2009). We have estimated the annual variation and vertical structure of residual currents with one-year long observed flows in two major tidal channels of Kyunggi Bay. The moving average method and tidal current harmonic analysis yield nearly the same results on residual flow. The residual flow in Jangbong channel ranges from 20 cm/s in summer to 30 cm/s in winter. It is noticeable that the residual flow in Jangbong channel is flood dominant throughout the year, while the flow in Seokmo channel is ebb-dominant residual flow with current speed range of 20-40 cm/s. Due to the baroclinic response of relatively shallow estuary, significant reduction of energy in bottom layers have been observed, indicating the importance of residual circulation to the tidal flat behavior.