• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2007

In this paper, the new method alternating with the method for forming the symmetrical distribution of power and local dispersion in high bit-rate WDM system with optical phase conjugator (OPC) is proposed. The proposed method is carried by finding out the optimal values of OPC position offset and fiber dispersion offset. It is assumed to be that NRZ-formatted 24-channels of 40 Gbps are simultaneously propagated in WDM system with non zero - dispersion shifted fiber (NZ-DSF) of 1,000 km. It is confirmed that the compensation extents of overall WDM channels are more improved by applying the induced optimal values into WDM system than those in WDM system with the conventional mid-span spectral inversion (MSSI) technique, and the searching procedure of the optimal values makes little difference of performance if the optimal value of one parameter related with another parameter. And, it is confirmed that the flexible design of WDM system with OPC is possible by effectiviely using by these optimal values. Thus, it is expected that the proposed method alternate with the forming method of the symmetrical distributions of power and local dispersion.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.29-35
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to analyze the elements forming interior design and to examine dimensional relationship among the elements which form space through the comparison of the spatial language and semiotics of space for the component of interior design. In addition to that it indtends to derive the principle of design which dominate interior design and the inherent diversified meaning by comparing those elements with the square of semiotic used in semiotics. Through this comparsion the meaning of constituent forming space which can be observed through the comparsion of square of semiotic has redefined flexbility among relational system of elements and this flexible concept make the scope of environment including human being broad and enriched. This study fist of all analyzes various phenomena of social culture review semiotics meta-learning and examines back theoretical ground of semiotics which is needed for space analysis. Second of all in the area of presenting an analysis tool for meaningful analysis this report introduces the square of semiotics which was invented,. A. J. Greimas in order to analyze the meaning of literary work and defind three categories of the progressive research method for the analysis of interior design and research itself. Finally as for the analysis of meaning for interior design this report sets the space and analyzed the space in accordance with the method and research procedure. being

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.113-116
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• 2017

100 nm thick Sn doped ZnO (ZTO) single layer, 15 nm thick Ag buffered ZTO (ZTO/Ag), Ag intermediated ZTO (ZTO/Ag/ZTO) and Ag capped ZTO (Ag/ZTO) films were prepared on poly-carbonate (PC) substrates by RF and DC magnetron sputtering and then the influence of the Ag thin film on the optical and electrical properties of ZTO films were investigated. As deposited ZTO thin films show the visible transmittance of 81.8%, while ZTO/Ag/ZTO trilayer films show a higher visible transmittance of 82.5% in this study. From the observed results, it can be concluded that the 15 nm thick Ag interlayer enhances the opto-electrical performance of ZTO thin films effectively for use as flexible transparent conducting oxides films in various opto-electrical applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1276-1277
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• 2006

The ever increasing requirements on today's compacts with regard to their geometry and precision call for flexible high-precision and most capable production systems. DORST Technologies has coped with these requirements by developing the new HP series for pressing forces between 1600 kN and 16000 kN and the new HS series for pressing forces between 150 kN and 1200 kN. These fully hydraulic presses featuring upper ram, lower ram, core rod, filler, up to 4 lower tool levels and up to 4 upper tool levels with closed-loop controlled movements. Thanks to latest servo technology and an electronic bus system it is possible to have all movements closed-loop controlled in the desired relation to each other. Thus, today's hydraulic presses provide high stroke rates, low energy consumption and a user-friendly interface. The input of data is carried out via clearly arranged screen masks on a touch-screen. The innovative DORST $IPG^{(R)}$ (Intelligent Program Generator) has been designed to support the set-up staff in preparing and optimizing the toolprogram. The combination of the machine type with the hydraulic unit determines the productivity in consideration of the specific application and the part to be pressed. Thanks to the closed-loop control circuits, DORST hydraulic automatic presses of the latest generation ensure unmatched precision and repeatability - and consequently process reliability - often without necessitating subsequent machining steps.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.193-197
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• 2005

This paper presents a method by which multiple holes of ultra small size can be punched simultaneously. Silicon wafers were used to fabricate punching die. Workpiece used in the present investigation were the rolled pure copper of $3{\mu}m$ in thickness and CP titanium of $1.5{\mu}m$ in thickness. The metal foils were punched with the dies and arrays of circular and rectangular holes were made. The diameter of holes ranges from $2-10{\mu}m$. The process set-up is similar to that of the flexible rubber pad forming or Guerin process. Arrays of holes were punched successfully in one step forming. The punched holes were examined in terms of their dimensions, surface qualities, and potential defect. The effects of the die hole dimension on ultra small size hole formation of the thin foil were discussed. The optimum process condition such as proper die shape and diameter-thickness ratio (d/t) were also discussed. The results in this paper show that the present method can be successfully applied to the fabrication of ultra small size hole array in a one step operation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.145-164
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• 2012

With the development of Information Communication Technology (ICT), diverse work policies, such as, telework, telecommuting, flexible work had been conceptualized and implemented to encourage efficient business practices and worker satisfaction. These work policies are the forerunners of newly emerging concept of "Smart Work." However, as smart work is a new concept, no single agreeable definition can be found. In this study, the relevant literatures published in past 15 years are reviewed systematically in order to derive a conceptual framework for "Smart Work," from related research, such as telecommuting, flexible time, telework, etc. Related variables are grouped into five clusters: Task, Technology, People, Organization Structure and Managerial Levers, forming a policy and research framework. Further research are suggested after the discussion of implications.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2022

Starting with cathode ray tubes, displays are forming markets in the order of active marix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) after PDP (Plasma Display Panel) and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). OLED is recognized as a key field for the development of each country preparing for the fourth industrial revolution, and especially Samsung Display and LG Display, which are the top industries in Korea, are leading the market with more than 90% of OLED shares. Currently, AMOLED has moved to the area that can be folded or bent. This technology is possible because TFT (Thin Film Transistor) and OLED may be formed on a flexible substrate. In the future, the technology will move to stretchable displays, and for this, the development of substrate materials is first, and then TFT and OLED devices should also be implemented with stretchable materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2003

This paper deals with an automated computer-aided process planning and die design system with which designer can determine operation sequences even after only a little experience in process planning and die design of multi former-bolt products by multi-stage former working. The approach is based on knowledge-based rules, and a process knowledge base consisting of design rules is built. Knowledge fur the system is formulated from plasticity theories, empirical results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. Programs for the system have been written in AutoLISP for AutoCAD with a personal computer. An attempt is made to link programs incorporating a number of expert design rules with the process variables obtained by commercial FEM softwares, DEFORM and ANSYS, to form a useful package. The system is composed of four main modules. The process planning and die design module considers several factors, such as the complexities of preform geometry, punch and die profiles, specifications of available multi former, and the availability of standard parts. It can provide a flexible process based on either the reduction in the number of forming sequences by combining the possible two processes in sequence, or the reduction of deviation of the distribution and the level of the required forming loads by controlling the forming ratios. The system uses 2D geometry recognition and is integrated with the technology of process planning, die design, and CAE analysis. The standardization of die parts for multi former-bolt products requiring a cold forging process is described. The system developed makes it possible to design and manufacture multi former-bolt products more efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.454-462
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• 2023

Flash lamp annealing (FLA) of metal nanoparticle (NP) ink has provided powerful strategies to fabricate high-performance electrodes on a flexible substrate because of its rapid processing capability (in milliseconds), low-temperature process, and compatibility with to roll-to-roll process. However, metal NPs [e.g., gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), etc.] have limitations such as difficulty in synthesizing fine metal NPs (diameter less than 10 nm), high price, and degradation during ink storage and FLA processing. In this regard, organometallic ink has been proposed as a material that can replace metal NPs due to their low-cost (usually 1/100 times cheaper than metal nano inks), low-temperature processability, and high material stability. Despite these advantages, the fabrication of flexible electrodes through FLA treatment of organometallic compounds has not been extensively researched. In this paper, we experimentally guide how to determine the optimal conditions for forming electrodes on flexible substrates by considering material parameters, and flashlight processing parameters (energy density, pulse duration, etc) to minimize the difficulties that may arise during the FLA of organometallic ink.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.897-906
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• 2017

Projection Mapping, also known as Spatial Augmented Reality(SAR) has attracted much attention recently and used for many division, which can augment physical objects with projected various virtual replications. However, conventional approaches towards projection mapping have faced some limitations. Target objects' geometric transformation property does not considered, and movements of flexible objects-like paper are hard to handle, such as folding and bending as natural interaction. Also, precise registration and tracking has been a cumbersome process in the past. While there have been many researches on Projection Mapping on static objects, dynamic projection mapping that can keep tracking of a moving flexible target and aligning the projection at interactive level is still a challenge. Therefore, this paper propose a new method using Unity3D and ARToolkit for high-speed robust tracking and dynamic projection mapping onto non-rigid deforming objects rapidly and interactively. The method consists of four stages, forming cubic bezier surface, process of rendering transformation values, multiple marker recognition and tracking, and webcam real time-lapse imaging. Users can fold, curve, bend and twist to make interaction. This method can achieve three high-quality results. First, the system can detect the strong deformation of objects. Second, it reduces the occlusion error which reduces the misalignment between the target object and the projected video. Lastly, the accuracy and the robustness of this method can make result values to be projected exactly onto the target object in real-time with high-speed and precise transformation tracking.