• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.266-275
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• 2004

In this paper, a method for generating the planar developments of three-dimensional shoe upper surfaces is proposed. This method is based on the optimization technique minimizing the geometric error occurred on the developed planar surface. Additionally, a rapid mapping algorithm to transform a curve on flattened plane to original surface (or vice versa) is proposed. These techniques are implemented on the 2D/3D integrated shoe design system. Using this system, a prototype running shoe can be designed more precisely and can be manufactured more quickly.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.11
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• pp.1793-1799
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• 2016

As one of the main trends in global industries is eco-friendly energy, the interest on Electric Vehicle(EV) has been increased. However, if large amount of EVs start to charging, it could cause rapid increase in demand power of the power system. To guarantee stable operation of the power system, those unpredictable power consume should be mitigated. In this paper, therefore, we propose a practical smart EVs charging scheme to prevent the rapid increase of the demand power and also provide load flattening function. For that we considered Time-of-Use(ToU) price and actual data such as driving pattern and parameters of distribution system. Simulation results show that the proposed method provides proper load flattening function while preventing the rapid increase of the demand power of the power system.

• Journal of Game and Entertainment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 2006

CAD system is a very important technology in designing many products which we are using today. This CAD technology have enlarging its area into 3D CAD systems with the development of computer graphics technologies. In particular, such advances have also been realized in special area such as the CAD system for designing shoes. 3D CAD systems for shoes design must provide compatibility between 3D and 2D data because shoes are made using 2D parts of pieces of leather or cloth. Many designers get high performances using 2D shoe CAD systems because they have had long practices with the 2D systems. Therefore, to get the mapping between 2D modeling and 3D modeling is one of very important components in 3D CAD system. In this paper, we proposed a flattening method that convert 3D shoes data to 2D data.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1971

Ship hulls obtained by the streamline tracing method usually have characteristically drooped keel lines at the bottom, and a flattening of these bottoms would contribute considerably in utilizing these analytically obtainable hull forms in practical usage. In this dissertation, the author deals with a study on the determination of a practical hull form by the streamline tracing method with a particular emphasis on the bottom flattening problem. Investigations are centered around the form and the terms of bottom doublet distribution. Several examples are computed by varying bottom doublet sheet systematically while the main side source distribution is kept the same. The following conclusions are obtained based on those computed results: after the strength of a bottom doublet sheet can be determined more easily and efficiently by employing the concept of a control plane. If the distance from the distributed plane of the bottom doublet sheet to the control plane is defined as the control distance, the strength of the bottom doublet sheet, the flatness of traced lines, and the increment of the beam length ratio by adding the bottom doublet sheet are all related to the control distance by linear equations near the design bottom. It is observed that a better result can be obtained by using a "line-sampling method" for ${\zeta}_K>2T/L$, and a "plane-sampling method" for ${\zeta}_K{\leq}2T/L$, provided that the check points are sampled in the range ${\xi}{\leq}0.7$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1985.07a
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• pp.144-147
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• 1985

In electricity industry, the improvement of load factor by flattening of load has been considered to be more important than any other tasks and has received wide concern and interest. Especially while annual peak load had occured early evening in winter during past decades, but we found the trend has changed so that annual peak load occured during the daytime in summer since1981 The useful practicing methods of this load management ale as follows; 1. Inducing of midnight load by thermal storage water heating 2. Seasonal differential rates. 3. Revising the peak load priceing (Time-of -use) It seems hard to expect that load research can be carried out in a short time, and we all have to exert outselves continuously to provide efficient load management method without wasting resources.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2013

Mirror surface machining for large area flattening in the display field has a problem such as a tool wear and a increase in machining time due to large area machining. It should be studied to decrease machining time and tool wear. In this paper, multi-tool machining method using a PCD tool and a SCD tool was applied in order to decrease machining time and tool wear. Machining characteristics (cutting force, machined surface and surface roughness) of PCD tool and SCD tool were evaluated in order to apply PCD tool to flattening machining. Based on basic experiments, the PCD/SCD multi-tool method and the SCD single-tool method were compared through surface roughness and machining time for appllying large area mold machining.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1718-1733
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• 2023

The virtual Frisch-grid method for room-temperature radiation detectors has been widely used because of its simplicity and high performance. Recently, side electrodes were separately attached to each surface of the detectors instead of covering the entire detector surface with a single electrode. The side-electrode structure enables the measurement of the three-dimensional (3D) gamma-ray interaction in the detector. The positional information of the interaction can then be utilized to precisely calibrate the response of the detector for gamma-ray spectroscopy and imaging. In this study, we developed a 3D position-sensitive 5 × 5 × 12 mm³ cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) detector and applied a flattening method to correct detector responses. Collimated gamma-rays incident on the surface of the detector were scanned to evaluate the positional accuracy of the detection system. Positional distributions of the radiation interactions with the detector were imaged for quantitative and qualitative evaluation. The energy spectra of various radioisotopes were measured and improved by the detector response calibration according to the calculated positional information. The energy spectra ranged from 59.5 keV (emitted by ²⁴¹Am) to 1332 keV (emitted by ⁶⁰Co). The best energy resolution was 1.06% at 662 keV when the CZT detector was voxelized to 20 × 20 × 10.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2010

In this paper, the pitch is detected after the elimination of formant ingredients by flattening the spectrum in frequency domain. In order to remove impact of formant and transition frequency in the signal spectrum, formant envelop is made by linear interpolation with any points each sub-band and the spectrum of speech signal is compensated by the reverse of the envelop interpolated linearly after we divide frequency band into several segment based on LSP and detect the points. The experimental result showed the proposed method appeared an outstanding performance in compared with LPC, Cepstrum, Lifter methods. The method reduced the gross error rate 1.30% than the LPC method which appeared a good performance except the proposed method. Also, the proposed method showed low error rate in noise environment.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.604-608
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• 2008

The TFT-LCD image allows non-uniform illumination variation and that is one of main difficulties of finding defect region. The SQI (self quotient image) has the HPF (high pass filter) shape and is used to reduce low frequency-lightness component. In this paper, we proposed the TFT-LCD defect-enhancement algorithm using characteristics of the SQI, that is the SQI has low-frequency flattening effect and maintains local variation. The proposed method has superior flattening effect and defect-enhancement effect compared with previous the TFT-LCD image preprocessing.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2007

The goal of this study is to determine if High Pressure Micro Jet (HPMJ) conditioning can be used as a substitute for, or in conjunction with, conventional diamond pad conditioning. Five conditioning methods were studied during which 50 ILD wafers were polished successively in a 100-mm scaled polisher and removal rate (RR), coefficient of friction (COF), pad flattening ratio (PFR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements were obtained. Results indicated that PFR increased rapidly, and COF and removal rate decreased significantly, when conditioning was not employed. With diamond conditioning, both removal rate and COF were stable from wafer to wafer, and low PFR values were observed. SEM images indicated that clean grooves could be achieved by HPMJ pad conditioning, suggesting that HPMJ may have the potential to reduce micro scratches and defects caused by slurry abrasive particle residues inside grooves. Regardless of different pad conditioning methods, a linear correlation was observed between temperature, COF and removal rate, while an inverse relationship was seen between COF and PFR.