• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the spine and the flat-foot, the stability and the alignment of the posture of the neck to prevent the alignment of the ankle joint operation and the lower back flexibility of the lumbar region according to the type of treatment using active stretching of the triceps, back pain, and to see how they affect weight bearing differences. Methods: The subjects of this study were 24 chronic low back pain patients. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, ankle joint mobilization and active scraping of triceps were performed three times a week for a total of 6 weeks. The control group was performed in the same way without articulation. The range of flexion and extension motion of the lumbar spine and pain degree and difference of weight-bearing were measured before and after the experiment. Results: The model of ankle joint mobilization and calf muscle elongation of flat foot significantly improved the range of flexion and extension motion of the vertebrae (p<.05) and the VAS and distribution of weight-bearing were decreased in both of two groups (p<.05). In other words, the exercise and mobilization help to recover of the balance of the whole musculoskeletal, the vertebrae. Conclusions: The active exercise of the triceps muscle of the lower leg in this study It affects the flexibility of the lumbar spine, the pain and the difference in the weight support of the lower extremities, when we performed ankle joint mobilization for exercise and cramping, pain and the difference in weight support between the two lower limbs.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.165-179
• /
• 2019

This study used 3D body scan data to classify body shapes according to the torso shape of adult males aged 20-75 years. This data will be provided so that the apparel industry can make apparel products corresponding to body characteristics by age. The study used 1,796 adult males between the ages of 20 and 75 and the 3D body shape data of the '5th Research on National Standard Anthropometry'. For data analysis, the program SPSSWIN Ver. 17.0 was used to calculate the mean and frequency allowing for a factor analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and Duncan test. To classify body shape according to the torso shape of adult males, this study considered nine factors: 'horizontal size of torso,' 'vertical size of body,' 'curve of torso and waist-abdomen flatness ratio,' 'length of torso,' 'shape of neck area,' 'degree of lateral curve,' 'difference between front and back interscye length,' 'shoulder armscye shape,' and 'chest flatness ratio.' Based on the results of the factor analysis, the torso shapes of adult males were classified into five types. Type 1 is "upright body with flat, curvy shape", Type 2 is "curve sway back body type", Type 3 is "flat, abdominally obese body", Type 4 is "obese, crooked body" and Type 5 is "thick sway front body type." named.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.1587-1594
• /
• 2011

Live weight, body length, hip and shoulder heights, heart girth, and metatarsal length were measured on 100 one to two years old Bali (Bos javanicus) bulls. Multiple regression of these measurements on live weight gave a prediction equation involving heart girth and body length (prediction $R^2$ = 0.845). These measurements were also used to derive several frame scores (FS). Live weight (Lwt) divided by FS was used as an index of body condition. Lwt/(length+hip height) was normally distributed and highly correlated with other normally-distributed condition indexes. This index was used to define five body condition scores. These were used to develop a five-point body condition scoring system in which the amount of fleshing over the vertebral processes, ribs, hindquarters, tail head, hooks, at the top of the neck, and the shoulders, the development of wrinkles in the skin above the hock and the neck, and the size of the dewlap, were used to describe the different body condition scores. Animals of score 1 had prominent hooks, shoulders, vertebrae and ribs, and hollow hindquarters and flat tailhead. Score 5 animals had rounded hindquarters, well-filled upper hind legs, small mounds of soft tissue were apparent on the tailhead, their hooks, necks, shoulders, vertebrae and ribs were well covered, and the dewlap was prominent.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.137-146
• /
• 2020

20대 미혼 여성 182명의 직접 계측치를 이용한 유방유형 분류에 유방전체 형상 요인, 유방상부내측형상 요인, 유방볼륨 요인, 유방하부외측형상 요인 등 4가지 요인이 추출되었다. 군집분석을 통해 '상부발달 유방', '밋밋한 유방', '하부 발달 유방', '돌출한 유방' 등 4유형의 유방유형으로 분류하였다. 유방유형은 목앞점~젖꼭지점길이, 목옆점~젖꼭지점길이, 유방안쪽점 사이간격, 젖꼭지 간격, 유방아래직경, 유방내측깊이, 유방바깥쪽길이, 유방아래길이, 젖가슴가쪽점~젖가슴위쪽점길이, 젖가슴 밑 윤곽선길이 등 10개 항목으로 판별 가능하다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.147-164
• /
• 2022

The aim of this study was to reproduce the ordinary attire of Yi Seung-hyu, a civil official and writer of the late Goryeo, which will be used to make a his portrait. The reproduced costume consists of a single-layered pyoui (表衣) and jungdan (中單), lined jeogori and baji, and geon (巾), created with reference to historical documents, materials, and portraits. The pyoui was made with samcheokbe, with an H-shaped neck-shoulder band, an oblique single collar, and rectangular gussets. Two skirts were attached on the inside at the back, similarly to dopo. The jungdan also has an oblique single collar, but has an I-shaped neck-shoulder band and triangular gussets. A flat felled seam stitch, whip stitch, and French seam stitch were used in the hemlines and seams of the pyoui and jungdan. The jeogori and baji were made with toju (土紬), and small ties were attached to stabilize them. The geon is a long, oblique hat, which has folded side lines, and was made with flexible black hangra and using a French seam stitch and backstitch. The results include the elements of "restoration, historical research, and portrait costume", and will be maintained as the cultural heritage of Samcheok City.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.144-152
• /
• 1991

외상이나 종양의 적출 등으로 인하여 악안면부에 발생된 결손이나 안면 경부 기형의 교정을 위하여 여러 근피판을 이용하여 악안면부 재건술이 시행되어지고 있다. 흉쇄유돌근은 안면부의 일차적 혹은 이차적 재건에 안전하고 유용한 근피판 또는 근피부피판으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 이하선부에 발생된 종양의 적출술 후 나타날 수 있는 이하선부의 안모 변형 방지를 위하여 흉쇄유돌근 근피판을 이용하여 안모 재건이나 술후 가상형성으로 발생 가능한 적출부의 감염, 반흔조직 형성과 술후 천충으로 노출되는 안면신경을 보호하는데 사용할 수 있다. 전 흉쇄유돌근 근피판이나 다른 경부 근피판 사용시 이하선부의 과잉돌출, 안면경부 기형 및 경부운동 제한 등의 부작용이 발생될 수 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하고자 저자등은 부분 흉쇄유돌근 근피판을 형성하여 기능적 이하선 적출술 후 노근피판 전위를 통하여 이하선부 연조직 결손으로 인한 안모 변형이나 사강형성 예방 등을 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze bust point information presented in literature and the 8th Korean Anthropometric Survey (Size Korea 2021) as a basis for pattern making for Korean adult women. Therefore, the the bust point position was analyzed through the length from the side neckline to the bust point and the horizontal length from the bust point to the chest. The results are as follows. First, Size Korea's population shows an increase in bust circumference and Side Neck Point to Bust Point with age, with the largest Bust-Point Breadth in the 30s, followed by the 20s, 40s, 60s, and 50s. Second, the Bust-Point Breadth in the female Basic Bodice pattern of Kang Soon-hee, and Oh Sun-hee, which were created from the bust circumference measurements of Size Korea's population, was wider than the measurements, and the difference was verified as a highly significant. Third, in the female Basic Bodice pattern of Kang Soon-hee, and Oh Sun-hee created with the bust circumference dimensions of Size Korea's population, the length of Neck Point to Bust Point was shorter than the measured value, and the difference was highly significant. Fourth, the Bust-Point Breadth and Neck Point to Bust Point in the female Basic Bodice pattern of Kang Soon-hee, and Oh Sun-hee, which were created with the bust circumference of the population of Size Korea by age, were analyzed in different age groups and showed significant differences from the measurements of Size Korea.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.375-378
• /
• 2003

In the present study, a new approach to predict the strength of sintered materials has been carried out and a new framework combining neck growth model and ideal pore model has been established based on the results of tensile tests on powder injection molded specimens with the various porosity. Powder injection molding (PIM) uses the shaping advantage of injection molding but is applicable to metals and ceramics. PIM delivers structural materials in a shaping technology previously restricted to polymers. 17-4 PH stainless steel powders with average diameters of 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$ were injection-molded into flat tensile specimens sintered at the various temperatures ranging from 900 to 1350$^{\circ}C$ for 1h. The relationships between strength and porosity were applied to the experimental results and verified.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.465-470
• /
• 2001

Hole flanging experiments are performed on flat circular plates with a hole in the center and the flangeability and fracture behaviors of TRIP steels and ferrite-Bainite duplex steels were examined. In the hole flanging, deformation by lip and petalling occurs when plates are struck by punches of various shapes and high circumferential strains induced in the target material cause radial cracking and the subsequent rotation of the affected plate material in a number of symmetric petals. In all cases, failure of the plate was due to lip fracture that results from multiple localized neckings that take place around the hole periphery where straining is most severe and a somewhat regular pattern was observed in a fracture shape. The neck characteristics in flange formation and the transition from the lip to petal mode at which fracture occurs were compared with two materials.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.365-377
• /
• 2010

In the present article, effect of non-uniform excitation due to spatially variation of seismic input on nonlinear response of concrete gravity dams is considered. The reservoir is assumed compressible. Isotropic damage mechanics approach is used to model static and dynamic nonlinear behavior of mass concrete in 2D space. The validity of utilized nonlinear model is considered using available theoretical results under static and dynamic conditions. The tallest monolith of Pine Flat dam is selected as a case study. Two cases are analyzed for considering the effect of limited wave propagation velocity on seismic behavior of the dam-reservoir system in which travelling velocities are chosen as 2000 m/s and infinity. It is found that tensile damage in neck and toe regions and also, in the vicinity of the base increase when the system is excited non-uniformly.