• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.50-50
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• 2012

투습방수필름으로 많이 사용되고 있는 폴리우레탄(PU)에 광촉매 기능성을 가지고 있는 나노-$TiO_2$(Degussa P25)를 1~10wt% 복합시킨 후, 은(Ag)이온 수용액에서 자외선 조사에 의한 광증착시키는 과정을 거쳐 은이 도핑된 PU/$TiO_2$/Ag 하이브리드 멤브레인 필름을 제조하였다. (주)비에스지에서 제공받은 PU/DMF/MEK 용액에 $TiO_2$를 초음파로 균일하게 분산배합한 후, 필름캐스팅하여 만든 필름을 AgNO3 수용액에 침지시키고 254nm의 자외선을 30~120초 동안 조사하는 광증착법으로 은을 환원시켜 도핑시켰다. 은 도핑된 하이브리드 필름을 Shaking flask method에서 폐렴간균, 황색포도상구균에 대한 항균성을 측정하고, Clear zone method에서 대장균에 대한 항균성을 측정한 결과, $TiO_2$ 함량이 3wt% 이상이고 UV조사시간이 60초 이상인 경우 99.9% 이상의 항균성을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2011

Antimicrobial activity and bactericidal activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. extracts were investigated against five food-borne pathogens, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes. Methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. revealed antimicrobial activities against five pathogens. In particular, by paper disc diffusion the highest activity was shown against L. monocytogenes. Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts showed the most potent activities, but hexane fraction had no activity. Fractions of ethyl acetate and butanol turned out to have higher antimicrobial activities against Gram(+) bacteria than Gram(-) bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration against five food-borne pathogens was 1.563 mg/ml on Gram(+) bacteria and 3.125 mg/ml on Gram(-) bacteria. The result of antimicrobial activity in a shaking flask method showed that bacterial growth rate fell by more than 99.999% at 3.125 mg/ml of methanol extract. The highest rate of viable reduction (99.998%) was shown at 0.781 mg/ml of methanol extract against L. monocytogenes. After five minutes of reaction between test strains and methanol extracts, the growth rates of five kinds of bacteria were reduced by more than 99.999% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. Therefore, it is suggested that methanol extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. can be developed as a natural sanitizer or disinfectant.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.570-576
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• 2002

The extremely halophilic archaebacterium Haloarcular sp. EH-1 was isolated from solar salts. Amylae production from Halonrcular sp. EH-1 have been studied. The results obtained were as follows. The optimal medium composition for the production of amylase from Haloarcular sp. EH-1 were soluble starch 1.5%, yeast extract 1.0%, MgSO$_4$ 7h$_2$O 2.0%, KCI 0.1%, NaCl 25% (pH 7.5). The incubation temperature, aeration rate and agitation speed were 4$0^{\circ}C$, 100 $m\ell$ medium / 500 $m\ell$ shaking flask, and 110 rpm. The cell growth and enzymatic activity was highest at 9 days of incubation. So amylase production appeared to be a growth-related phenomenon.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2002

A biosurfactant-producing microorganism was isolated from activated sludge by enrichment culture when grown on a minimal salt medium containing n-hexadecane as a sole carbon source. This microorganism was identified as Pseudomonas sp. and it was named Pseudomonas sp. EL-G527. It's optimal culture condition is 2% n-hexadecane, 0.2% NH$_4$NO$_3$, 0.3% KH$_2$PO$_4$, 0.3% $K_2$HPO$_4$, 0.02% MgSO$_4$ㆍ7$H_2O$, 0.0025% CaCk$_2$ㆍ6$H_2O$, 0.0015% FeSO$_4$ㆍ7$H_2O$ in 1$\ell$ distilled water and initial pH 7.0. Cultivation was initiated with a 2% inoculum obtained from starter cultures grown in 30 $m\ell$ of the same medium in 250 $m\ell$ flask. They were cultivated at 3$0^{\circ}C$ in reciprocal shaking incubator and the highest biosurfactant production was observed after 4 days.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.214-223
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• 2005

In order to recover valuable metals from fine-grained electronic waste, bioleaching of Cu, Zn, Al, Co, Ni, Sn and Pb were carried out using Aspergillus niger as a leaching microorganism in a shaking flask. Aspergillus niger was able to grow in tile presence of electronic scrap. The formation of organic acids(citric and oxalic acid) from Aspergillus niger caused the mobilization of metals from waste electronic scrap. In a preliminary study, in order to obtain the data on the leaching of Cu, Zn, Al, Co and Ni, the metal leaching behaviours were accomplished using Organic acid(Citric acid and Oxalic acid) instead of Aspergillus niger. At the electronic scrap concentration of 50g/L, Aspergillus niger were able to leach more than 95% of the available Cu, Co. But Al, Zn, Pband Sn were able to leach about 15-35%. Ni and Fe were detected in the leachate less than 10%.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 1999

The biosynthesis of Lovastatin, a cholesterol lowering agent formed by the filamentous fungus Aspergillus terreus, was investigated in shaking flask. The effects of essential elements in the experimental medium such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphate sources, and amino acids were examined to increase Lovastatin productivity. Lovastatin production in shaking flasks was 68 mg/L in the used medium. Effect of carbon source on Lovastatin production was performed. As a carbon source in the medium, 45 mL/L of glycerol increased the Lovastatin production up to 256 mg/L, which was found to be improved almost 3.5 times in comparison with that in common medium. The optimum concventration of peptonized milk as nitrogen source was obtained 30g/L on Lovastatin production. The severe inhibition of the cell growth and the Lovastatin production were observed in shaking flasks conducted at the medium contained ammonium carbonate as a nitrogen source. Lovastatin production various concentrations of several phosphate compounds was also examined. The addition of either potassium phosphate diabsic or sodium phosphate dibasic increased the Lovastatin production and the optimal level of potassium phosphate dibasic was 6 g/L. Even though Lovastatin contain methionine-derived methyl group, L-methionine and DL-methionine tend to diminish the Lovastatin production. Among the amino acids, L-histidine and L-tryptophan had a remarkable enhancing effect on the Lovastatin production. The optimal concentration of L-histidine and L-tryptophan was 6g/L.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.546-552
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• 2009

Enzymatic ethanolysis of wheat germ oil with immobilized lipase was investigated for enhancing the function of wheat germ oil. Ethanolysis reactions were carried out in two different systems; non-pressurized and pressurized system. In non-pressurized system, the enzymatic ethanolysis was carried out in an erlenmeyer flask(25 ml) containing a mixture of wheat germ oil and 99.90% ethanol using 1~5 wt% immobilized lipase as Lipozyme TL-IM and Lipozyme RM-IM and the reaction mixtures were incubated at $40{\sim}70^{\circ}C$ with 120 rpm shaking. In pressurized system, the enzymatic ethanolysis was carried out at various condition; immobilized lipase concentration(2 wt%), reaction time(24 h), reaction temperature($40{\sim}60^{\circ}C$) and reaction pressure(75, 100, 150, 200 bars). The samples obtained from each fraction were analyzed by HPLC for analysing contents of monoglyceride, diglyceride, and triglyceride. The conversion of wheat germ oil relied on the reaction temperature and the concentration of immobilized lipase. The optimum condition of enzymatic ethanolysis in non-pressurized and pressurized systems was at $50^{\circ}C$ and 100 bar.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.398-406
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• 2013

For the maximal production of aphicidal metabolites produced by the Beauveria bassiana Bb08, statistical methods such as the Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology were used. The fungal culture filtrate was sprayed towards 3-star aphids and the mortality was examined. After the statistical analysis of the aphid mortality, the optimal culture conditions were found to be a culture temperature of $26.2^{\circ}C$, medium pH 5.9, flask shaking speed of 209.0 rpm, and culture time of 5.9 days. The expected mortality on days 4, 5, and 6 after spraying the filtrate on to the aphids were 76.8%, 84.9%, and 89.4%, respectively. All 4 factors of the culture conditions significantly affected the production of the aphicidal metabolites, and the order of significance was temperature, pH, culture time and shaking speed.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2005

The main objectives of this research were to study the cultural and nutritional characteristics of Tricholoma matsutake and to establish its liquid culture system. The optimum growth of T. matsutake was observed in HA and TMM agar media. Similarly highest growth was observed in PDB and TMM liquid media. The optimal temperature for the mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$. The most suitable carbon source was dextrin among 12 different carbon sources tested. Yeast extract and peptone were best nitrogen sources among 17 different sources tested. The optimum mineral salts were $Fe_{2}(SO_{4})_{3}{\cdot}H_{2}O$ and KCl among 9 different sources tested. Shaking culture gave higher mycelial growth compared to stationary culture. Similarly, optimum medium amount for shaking culture was 100 ml per 250 ml flask. The highest mycelial growth was obtained when $5{\sim}7$ mycelial discs were inoculated in 100 ml of medium and incubated for $8{\sim}9$ weeks, respectively. The highest proportion of mycelial growth was observed at 40 : 1 ratio of medium to inoculum volume in 8 l air-lift fermenter.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 1997

In order to fad the most fitted biodegradation model, biodegradation kinetics model to the initial phenol and p-cresot concentrations were investigated and had been fitted by the linear regression. Bacteria capable of degrading p-cresol were isolated from soil by enrichment culture technique. Among them, strain Ml capable of degradillg p.rcresol has also degraded phenal and was identified as the genus Micrococcus from the results from of taxonomical studies. The optimal tonditlons for the biodegradation of phenal and p-cresol by Micrococcus sp. Ml were $NH_4NO_3$ 0.05%, pH 7.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$, respectively, and medium volume 100m1/250m1 shaking flask. iwicrococcus sp. Ml was able to grow on phenal concentration up to 14mM and p-cresol concelltration up to 0.8mM. With increasing substrate concentraction, the lag period increased, but the maximum specific growth rates decreased. The yield coefficient decreased with increasing substrate concentation. The biodegradation kinetics of phenol and p-cresol were best described by Monod with growth model for every experimented concentration. In cultivation of mixed substrate, p-cresol was degraded first and phenol was second. This result implies that p-cresol and phenol was not degraded simultaneously.