• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 1999

A highly effective phosphorus accumulating bacterium named Acinetobacter CW3 was isolated from the nature by using Winogradsky columns. The optimal cultivation conditions of Acinetobacter CW3 in shaking flask were determined as $20^{\circ}C$, pH 7, 200rpm, 18.5mg $PO_4$-P/L. Acientobacter CW3 could remove phosphorus completely in 12hours for a batch culture at optimal cultivation condition. This bacterium could uptake phosphorus on aerobic condition and release it on anaerobic condition.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.448-453
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• 2004

Transformed roots of Schisandra chinensis were obtained following co-cultivation of in vitro cultivated plantlet segments with Agrobaterium rhizogens ATCC15834. This root was examined for its growth and gomisin J contents under various culture conditions. Among the six basal culture media tested, WPM (Lloyd & McCown, 1980) medium supplemented with 5% sucrose was the best roots growth 6.2 (g D.W/flask) and gomisin J accumulation 1.56 $(X10^{-3}\;ug/g\;D.W)$. Initial inoculum size correlated with the yield of biomass while gomisin J contents was not affect. Gomisin J production was influenced by the initial sucrose concentration and the highest production yield was achieved at the concentration of 7%. The optimal shaking speeds for roots growth and gomisin J production was 120 and 140 rpm, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1239-1243
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• 1999

The optimal medium composition for the production of carotenoid pigment from Haloarcular sp. EH 1 as a dietary for fishes were 1.0% sucrose, 1.0% yeast extract, 25% sodium chloride, 0.3% sodium citrate, 0.2% potassium chloride, 2.0% magnesium sulphate, 0.002% ferric sulphate(pH 7.0). The incubation temperate, aeration rate and agitation speed were 40oC, 100ml medium/500ml vol. shaking flask, and 180 rpm/min. The carotenoid pigment production was highest after 5 days of incubation with the light.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 1995

Oil dispersants using polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene oleylether, and poly(oxypropylene-oxyethylene)glycol block copolymer were prepared, and oil dispersant efficiency was measured using vertical shaking flask method to 4 kinds of Bunker B oil with different physical properties by appling the prepared dispersants. Although the dispersant efficiency was differed according to the differences of physical properties of Bunker B oil, the dispersant prepared using polyoxyethylene oleylether was the most effective to disperse the oil into water. The impurities like surfur contained in sample oil have to be removed by filteration to obtain the correct degree of absorption using UV spectrophotometer.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.364-369
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• 1993

The biodegradability of some anionic surfactants were investigated using biological oxygen consumption measurement at different temperatures. As test surfactants, soap, alkyl sulfate (AS), alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS), alkyl polyoxyethylene sulfate (AES), linear alkylbezene sulfonate(LAS), microbial surfactants such as sophorose lipid (sopholipid) and spiculisporic acid (S-acid), were used. The test solution were incubated at $5^{\circ}C$, $18^{\circ}C$ and $32^{\circ}C$, respectively. The comparative rates of biodegradation were in accordance with the results obtained from the surface tension measurement and methylene blue method. The results of comparative blodegradabilities of the surfactants were as follows; soap, AS>AES>AOS>LAS at $18^{\circ}C$ and $32^{\circ}C$. However, at$ 5^{\circ}C$, the biodegradation rate of soap was better than other surfactants. Considering the actual environment of the river, it was concluded that the biological oxygen consumption rate method at lower temperature was more practical than the current method such as methylene blue assay with adapted shaking flask culture at $25^{\circ}C$

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1033-1037
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• 2008

The effects of inorganic salts, inoculum concentration, aeration rate and shaking speed on insoluble phosphate solubilization by Pseudomonas fluorescens RAF15 were investigated. Soluble phosphate production was dependent on the presence of $MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$ and $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ in the medium. Supplementation of medium with 0.01% $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ and 0.01% NaCl slightly increased soluble phosphate production. The optimal medium compositions for the solubilization of insoluble phosphate by P. fluorescens RAF15 were 1.5% glucose, 0.005% urea, 0.3% $MgCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$, 0.01% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.01% $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ and 0.01% NaCl, respectively. Optimal inoculum concentration was 2.0%(v/v). Maximum soluble phosphate production was obtained with 20-50 ml/250-ml flask and 200 rpm of shaking speed, respectively. The addition of EDTA decreased cell growth and soluble phosphate production.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.1 s.90
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

In order to product the furofuranoid lignans, (+)-eudesmin which is one of the secondary products from Magnolia sieboldii. through cell suspension cultures; various culture media, initial sucrose concentration, elicitations, shaking speeds, and inoculum sizes. Among the culture media tested, MS medium had a pronounced effect on suspension cell growth and (+)-eudesmin contents. The maximum dry cell weight (DCW) of 3.71 g per flask was obtained at inoculum size of 0.5 g and in MS medium supplemented with $3\%$ sucrose plus 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D after 8 weeks. (+)-Eudesmin biosynthesis was stimulated with high initial sucrose concentration ,and the maximum (+)-eudesmin production of $3.2{\mu}g/g$ DCW was achieved at 200mg/L chitosan and $5\%$ initial medium sucrose. The optimal shaking speeds for dry biomass accumulation and (+)-eudesmin contents was 130 rpm. This work is considered to be helpful for large-scale bioprocessing of Magnolia sieboldii suspension cell cultures in bioreactor.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.183-188
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop a method for the quantitative determination of soil clay content by spectophotometry. The optimum wavelength obtained with reference clay minerals for spectrophotometry was 500 nm. For the proposed spectrophotometry, 0.5 g of soil sample was put in the 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask and 100 ml dispersing agent was added. After shaking the flask at 130 rpm with a mechanical shaker overnight, the flask was removed from the shaker and was shaken up-and-down for 30 seconds. With a micro-pipet, 4 ml of the suspension was transferred into the previously-inserted cell and the absorbance was measured instantly. Results by the spectrophotometry for clay content analysis were compared with those by the conventional sedimentation technique (the pipet method). The proposed equation was $y\;=\;38.03x_1-0.17x_2-1.17$, where y, $x_1$, and $x_2$ were clay content (%) by the pipet method, water content corrected clay content (%) by spectrophotometry, and organic matter content ($g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$), respectively. The regression coefficient for the equation was $r\;=\;0.984^{**}$, indicating highly significant correlation between the results of the two methods.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.329-335
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• 1993

Ascorbate oxidase activity in various cucumber tissue extracts was highest in young fruit peeling. Cucumber callus was induced from young fruit peeling and callus cell lines were selected for more than 7 months, which porduced high levels of ascorbate oxidase and had a high growth rate. Induction of callus was optimized with Linsmaier-Skoog(LS) medium at 25$^{\circ}C$ in dark phase. Ascorbate oxidase activity reached a maximum at 5 days after transfer to LS basal liquid-medium ant then declined. The enzyme activity in callus cells was stimulated by addition of 10${\mu}$M $CuSO_4$ in the early logarithmic phase of growth. And also, adding 10${\mu}$M $CuSO_4$ at 3rd day 7th day of culture period, ascorbate oxidase activity in callus cells was maintained to high level. Maximum yield of ascorbate oxidase was found at the 25th day by flask shaking culture, but three-fold of ascorbate oxidase activity was obtained at the 16th day by jar fermentation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.473-480
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• 1997

Microorganisms producing bioemulslfiler were isolated from the sea water In Pusan coastal area. The isolated strain which had the highest emulsification activity and stability was identified as the genus Achetobacter from the results of morphological. cultural and biochemical tests and named Achetobacter sp. EL-C6 for convenience. The compositions of optimum medium for emulsification of crude oil by Acinetobacter sp. EL-C6 were crude oil 2.0%, NH4NO3 0.2%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.01%, $MgSO_4$.$7H_2O$ 1.o%, $CaCl_2$.$2H_2O$ 0.1% and NaCl 3.0% at initial pH 7.5 and 3$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The cultivation for emulsification of crude ell was carried out in 500m1 shaking flask containing 100m1 of the optimum medium at 3$0^{\circ}C$. The highest emulsification was observed after 5 days. The utilization on the various hydrocarbon of the Achetobacter sp. EL-C6 showed that utilization of n-alkane compounds were better than that of aromatic compounds. Among the petroleum compounds, crude ell was best utilized by the Achetobacter sp. EL-C6.