• Journal of Mycology and Infection
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Background: Scalp seborrheic dermatitis is a common disease characterized by flaking and itching of the scalp. Conventional treatment options, such as the use of topical corticosteroids and antifungal agents, may cause adverse effects and reduce user satisfaction rates; thus, it is important to explore other treatment options for scalp seborrheic dermatitis. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new-formula shampoo containing natural ingredients, including the extract of Rosa centifolia petals, epigallocatechin gallate, zinc pyrithione, and climbazole. Methods: A total of 50 patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis were enrolled and divided into two groups: the new-formula shampoo-treated group and the 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo-treated group. Clinical severity scores, sebum secretion, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. In addition, patient satisfaction and adverse events were assessed using a questionnaire. Results: The new-formula shampoo was comparable with ciclopirox in reducing the clinical severity scores and sebum secretion. Patients' improvement scores and user satisfaction rates were higher in the new-formula shampoo group than in the 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo-treated group. The inflammatory cytokine levels considerably changed in both groups during the course of the study. Conclusion: Thus, the new-formula shampoo can be considered a treatment option for patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2011

The skin condition after dermatological surgery can be changed. As the laser light penetrates into the skin during the procedure it will activate biomolecules which are the cause of the related redness. In addition, it can parch sensitive skin and worsen itching and flaking. The original intention of 'BB cream' is for soothing sensory skin, but not for make-up. The commonly used 'BB cream' is suitable for all skin types and are targeted specially to those who have sensitive and acne-prone skin. It has the advantages of both skin-care and make-up as it improves the skin condition and evens out the skin tone while providing coverage for redness spots and other blemishes. Our study focuses to give the make-up function that naturally correct the brightness and contrast of redness skin, to realize the skin-care function that is effective against sensitive skin.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

The SOI wafer fabrication technique has been developed by using ion-cut process, based on proton implantation and wafer bonding techniques. It has been shown by TRIM simulation that 65 keV proton implantation is required for the standard SOI wafer (200 nm SOI, 400 nm BOX) fabrication. In order to investigate the optimum proton dose and primary annealing condition for wafer splitting, the surface morphologic change has been observed such as blistering and flaking. As a result, effective dose is found to be in the 6∼$9\times10^{16}$ $H^{+}/\textrm{cm}^2$ range, and the annealing at $550^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes is expected to be optimum for wafer splitting. The depth distribution of implanted hydrogen has been experimentally confirmed by ERD and SIMS measurements. The microstructure evolution in the damaged layer was also studied by X-TEM analysis.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.167-177
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• 2018

The Bayon style Avalokitesvara statue from the $13^{th}$ century Angkor period is on display at the Cambodia Angkor Conservation Office. This statue is composed of dark green felthspathic greywacke, the surface of which has been shown light brown discoloration, detected calcite crystallization. As a result of condition assessment, the statue was damaged due to overlap scaling and cracking. Ultrasonic tests have investigated remarkable physical weathering area, flaking and fragmentation in lower velocity. The physical condition of the statue requires a conservation method that improves the binding power. To protect against salt weathering and to ensure physical stability, new conservation material composed of mixed ethyl silicate and sandstone powder similar to that composing the statue was created. The material affected by damage was removed and replaced with the new conservation material.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2002

For the induction of arthropathy, 5% hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) was injected for 5 weeks into the intraarticular space of the New Zealand white rabbits to damage articular cartilage. Alginic acid of low molecular weight (2%) made from macromolecular alginate treated with enzyme was administered into articular space at the dose of 5 mg/kg twice a week for 3 and 6 weeks using 1 ml syringe and 26 G needle. Saline was injected for the control. Tissues surrounding the articulation were obtained for the measurements of superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity as a major antioxidant enzyme and malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation level. Histopathologic examination on the surface of articular cartilage was carried out. Data showed that injection of hydrogen peroxide for 5 weeks had led to the induction of free radical damage and of articular cartilage change as confirmed by microscopic observation. The application of hydrogen peroxide caused a gradual increase in the SODs and MDA. These patterns were similar after 3 and 6 weeks of alginate treatment. Furthermore, microscopic examinations revealed that hydrogen peroxide caused flaking, fibrillation, fissuring, denudation, and hypocellularity in the articular surfaces. In conclusion, lipid peroxidation was demonstrated in the articular cartilage by the administration of hydrogen peroxide in the rabbit model. This lipid peroxidation could be caused by oxygen free radicals. The histologic and enzymatic correlations on lipid peroxidation in the articulation have provided a better understanding of arthropathy. It is possible to take advantage of these findings to evaluate effective alginate dosage more efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.17-25
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• 2016

The rocks exposed on the surface undergo expedite weathering process due to the effects of climatic process, etc. and the weathering process changes the properties of minerals, thereby lowering the stability of rocks. Therefore, it is important to examine the composition of minerals in order to investigate the resistance of rocks against weathering, which is performed by weathering sensitivity analysis. And microscopic flaking test was performed for the bored samples in this study and the composition of minerals that are vulnerable to weathering was measured through mode analysis. The lithological and mineralogical weathering factors were evaluated through this process. Furthermore, the degree of progress of weathering was identified by quantitatively measuring the actual mineral composition of rocks through X-Ray diffraction analysis and identifying the secondary minerals through observation with a scanning electron microscope. This analyzing the weathering sensitivity was analyzed to be capable of determining appropriate indicators that can determine weather resistance and predicting the weathering grade using chemical weathering speed.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.89-95
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• 2017

Objectives : Seborrheic dermatitis is common abnormal skin condition characterized by flaking and itch. In seborrheic dermatitis, the flakes are greasy and yellowish. Inflammation is also observed. Through this paper we can understand the process of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp and confirm the scalp changes in the treatment process. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical effects of herbal medicine on Seborrheic dermatitis Methods : We employed oriental medical treatments; herbal-medication (Hyeongbangpaedoksangamibang), infant acupuncture, moxibustion and blood therapy. We treated her three times a week. She took medicine three times a day after a meal. During taking medicine, we let her avoid fatty food, flour based food. Her father took a picture the patient's head parts and we compared the symptom with previous symptom. With the picture, we evaluated the patient's scalp condition. Results : After taking treatment, the scalp condition of the patient was much improved. At first, yellowish to reddish scaly pimples appear along the hairline and itching was severe. There were thick and black crusts on the scalp, red, greasy skin covered with flaky white or yellow scales. After that the crusts were fell off and the itching was disappeared during the treatment period. And then the hair loss was occurred. After a year of treatment, scalp condition and hair were back to normal. Conclusion : Herbal medicine (Hyeongbangpaedoksangamibang) with oriental medical treatments was effective in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp and it helped to improve regenerating the scalp condition.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.433-442
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• 2003

The objective of these studies were to examine the effects of processing methods of corn grains on in vitro dry matter digestability and in sacco degradability in the rumen by three ruminally cannulated dry Holstein cows. The corns for these experiments were untreated; whole corn L(density; 660 g/$\ell$), whole corn H(density; 740 g/$\ell$), and treated by four different types: Ground corn, 3.8 mm, 2.8 mm, and 1.5 mm flaked corns. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The DM degradabilities, after 48 hr incubation by in sacco method, were the highest(94.4, 88.0 and 87.0%, respectively) in 1.5 mm flaked corn, ground corn, and 2.8 mm flaked corn. The 3.8 mm flaked corn was degraded significantly lower than these. Until 12 hr incubation, whole corn L tended to be degraded little more than whole corn H, was not significantly different. However, after 24 hr incubation, the significant differences between whole corn L and whole corn H were shown(P<0.05). The DM digestabilities by in vitro digestion were the highest for 1.5 mm flaked corn and ground corn(92.3 and 91.2%, respectively)(P<0.05), followed by 2.8 mm and 3.8 mm flaked corn(83.9 and 83.4%, respectively), tended to be similar to those by in sacco method. Whole corn L was digested twice more rapidly than whole corn H. Summarizing the experimental data, compared with unprocessed corns, the flaked corns were significantly increased in the degradabilities of dry matter in the rumen. In addition, as increasing the flaking degree of corn, the degradabilities of dry matter were significantly improved. Referring to these kinds of physical characteristics of grain sources in the ruminal degradabilities, it is believed to be possible to optimize the environment of the fermentation in the rumen.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.225-235
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• 2010

This study was aimed to assess the status of working environment, health care management status and cause of exposure in manufactories using dimethylformamide (DMF). For the purpose, airborne concentration of DMF in the workplaces and N-methylformamide (NMF) in worker's urine were measured with job type and process. In addition, management of local exhaust ventilation system (LEV) and personal protective equipment (PPE) was evaluated at 35 work places (107 workers) located in Busan and Gimhae area. Mean DMF concentrations in work places by job type and process were of high level measured in printing and record media reproduction (5.23 ppm) and flaking process (2.48 ppm). Workers in adhesive job were measured a large amount of urine NMF (21.59 mg/${\ell}$). 98.1% of DMF handling workers were provided respirators, but 67.3% of those workers used them. The main reasons for not using respirators were inconvenience and difficulty of breathing. Airborne concentrations of DMF were higher in the workplaces in which LEVs were working abnormally, but there was not statistically significant. In addition, the urine NMF levels were correlated with management of LEV within the workers who did not use the respirators (p<0.048). These results implied that LEV should be installed and maintained properly to protect the workers from the exposure to DMF. Management of PPE should be also necessary to protect the workers from chemical hazards.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.15
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• pp.122-137
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• 2014

The National Museum of Korea own a historical document box ^K976 that was once used to store Joseon Wangjo Sillok ^{Annals of the Joseon Dynasty} of the Joseon Dynasty. The rectangular box has a lid, and the entire surface is varnished with black lacquer. The wood of the box had become warped and the upper part of the wooden frame had been damaged. In some areas, the paint was flaking off, exposing the underlying wood, and an iron ring that connected the lid to the body of the box was missing. Thus, in 2013, Conservation Science Department in National Museum of Korea began to repair and restore the Joseon document box. Before the treatment, analyses were conducted to examine the box's structure, damaged parts, species of wood, and lacquering techniques. The wood was found to be that of a linden tree. As for the lacquering technique, the surface of the box was first coated with a layer of lacquer and bone ash, and then covered with Korean traditional paper. Next, the box was painted with a layer of mud and ashes, followed by a layer of black pigment mixed with soot, and then varnished again with lacquer.